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The distribution of radionuclides and some trace metals in the water columns of the Japan and Bonin trenches ArchiMer
Nozaki, Y; Yamada, M; Nakanishi, T; Nagaya, Y; Nakamura, K; Shitashima, K; Tsubota, H.
Presented here is the first detailed geochemical data set on the U/Th series Th, Pa, Ac, and Pb isotopes and artificial fallout radionuclides (Sr-90, Cs-137, and Pu isotopes), and some trace elements (V, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni) in two water columns of the Japan and Bonin trenches down to the bottom depths of 7585 m and 9750 m, respectively. Hydrographic properties such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient content within the trench valley remain constant at the same levels as those in the bottom water of the Northwest Pacific basin (typically similar to 6000 m in depth). The radionuclide activities and most trace metal concentrations are also not very different from those in the overlying water at depths of around 5000-6000 m. This means...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Uranium - thorium; Nucléide artificiel; Balayage; Métal-trace; Temps de résidence; U/Th series nuclides; Artificial radionuclides; Scavenging; Trace metals; Renewal of trench water.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00326/43669/43201.pdf
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Estimation et caractérisation de la dynamique des flux dans l'estuaire de la Charente ArchiMer
Le Moine, Olivier; Geairon, Philippe.
Le besoin de connaissance (et de partage) sur la quantification et la dynamique des apports (de matières particulaires ou dissous) des fleuves dans les écosystèmes côtiers a motivé ce travail. L'objectif est de mettre au point des méthodes de traitements spécifiques de données acquises par courantométrie Doppler pour évaluer les apports des fleuves, décrire leur dynamique au cours du cycle de marée, et caractériser l'estuaire. Le traitement du signal acquis, en complément d'autres données de bathymétrie et de la salinité permet l'estimation d'indices caractéristiques de l'estuaire du fleuve Charente. Les résultats montrent par exemple que des volumes atteignant 40 à 50 millions de mètres cubes sont déplacés à chaque marée en pic de coefficient. Des...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Estuaire Charente; Flux; Volume oscillant; Intrusions salines; Temps de résidence.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00120/23096/20943.pdf
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Les problèmes d'eutrophisation littorale et leur modélisation ArchiMer
Menesguen, Alain.
Following lakes and rivers, a lot of estuaries (during the last twenty years) and shallow coastal zones (during the last decade) have been severely eutrophicated because of the too much increasing loads of nitrogen and phsophorus. In situ stutdy and numerical modelling of two french case studies bring some explanation to the facts that, in some sites, enrichment turns into green macroalgal proliferation whereas, in others, mass blooms of phytoplankton are induced. Whatever the case may be, the prominent role of the residence time of water in the enriched zone has been proven. In open coastal ecosystems, the difficulty in determining this residence time as well as the limiting factor (nitrogen, or phosphorus, or light) lowers considerably the reliability of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Eutrophisation côtière; Elément limitant; Temps de résidence; Modèles hydrodynamiques; Modèles écologiques; Coastal eutrophication; Limiting factor; Residence time; Hydrodynamical models; Ecological models.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00423/53416/54295.pdf
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L'utilisation de modèles écologiques dans la lutte contre l'eutrophisation des eaux côtières françaises ArchiMer
Menesguen, Alain.
Increasing anthropogenic nitrogen and phosphorus loadings in some coastal areas have induced during the last twenty years excessive production of algal material, either phytoplanktonic or macrophytic. This so-called eutrophication phenomenon alters the usual structure of ecosystem and can lead to massive kills caused by anoxia in some extreme cases, when almost all the dissolved oxygen in bottom waters has been consumed by organic matter decomposition. Just behind the semi-enclosed lagoons, the most sensible areas are the dilution plumes of main rivers. In the case of French coasts, mediterranean lagoons have been eutrophicated for a long time, whereas the coastal areas of the Bay of Biscay and English Channel have been partially preserved by the strong...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ecological models; Hydrodynamical models; Residence time; Limiting factor; Phytoplankton blooms; Green tides; Coastal eutrophication; Modèles écologiques; Modèles hydrodynamiques; Temps de résidence; Elément limitant; Eau colorée; Marée verte; Eutrophisation côtière.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/rapport-144.pdf
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Simulation de l'influence des apports des bassins versants sur les concessions ostréicoles de la Baie des Veys (Baie de Seine Occidentale) ArchiMer
Grangere, Karine.
Depuis les années 1940, d'importants phénomènes de mortalités des juvéniles de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas ont été observés en période estivale dans différents sites de production à travers le monde. En baie des Veys les principaux épisodes de mortalités observés au cours de ces dix dernières années ont conduit à des pertes allant de 17,5 jusqu'à 40 % de la biomasse totale en élevage. Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre du volet environnement du programme MOREST (MORtalités ESTivales) lancé en 2001 par l'IFREMER. L' objectif est d'étudier l'influence des apports provenant des bassins versants sur les concessions ostréicoles de la baie des Veys. Pour cela, des simulations ont été réalisées à l'aide d'un modèle hydrodynamique en 2 Dimensions...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modèle hydrodynamique 2D; Baie des Veys; Apports fluviaux; Débit; Vent; Temps de résidence; Trajectoires.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00449/56100/57636.pdf
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Unusual Po-210/Pb-210 ratios in the surface water of the Gulf of Lions ArchiMer
Radakovitch, O; Cherry, Rd; Heyraud, M; Heussner, S.
Concentrations of Po-210 and Pb-210 have been measured in sea water collected in the Grand Rhone Canyon. Concentrations of Pb-210 are at similar levels to those found in other Mediterranean seawater samples, and are at the levels which would be expected in comparison with global sea water data. The same applies to the Po-210 concentrations in samples from below 100 m depth. Surface samples from above 100 m have Po-210 at levels rather higher than expected, and their Po-210/Pb-210 ratios are about 1 or more as compared with the usual open ocean ratio of about 0.5. These data can be interpreted as indicating another source of supply of Po-210 to the surface layer in addition to the normal atmospheric input. We suggest that an episodic advective particulate...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Enlèvement; Mer Méditerranée; Bilan de radioélément; Temps de résidence; Scavenging; Mediterranean Sea; Radionuclide budget; Residence time.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43668/43202.pdf
Registros recuperados: 6
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