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| Alzieu, Claude; Heral, Maurice. |
| The toxic effect of trialkyltin compounds is used in antifouling paints to protect vessels against biofouling organisrns. Tributyltin oxide (TBTO) or fluoride (TBTS) leaches by diffusion from the paint layer into the seawater. Trialkyltin compounds in aqueous solutions are resistant to hydrolysis and biodegradation, but are rapidly converted into diakyl, monoalkyl and inorganic tin by UV irradiation. As inhibiting agents of the oxidative phosphorylation, organotin compounds are extremely dangerous for aquatic organisms such as molluscs. The following estimated toxicity levels for Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae have been put forward : at 100 µg.l(1) the fecondation is inhibited, at 10 µg.l1 the already of 20 % of the eggs is affected larval development... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Toxicity; Fluoride; Tribultyltin oxide; Toxic effect; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/publication-2931.pdf |
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| Pungitore,Carlos R.; García,Matías; Gianello,José C.; Tonn,Carlos E.; Sosa,Marta E.. |
| Duration of the pupal stage, toxic activity and nutritional indices induced by oleanolic acid (I), maslinic acid (II), and daucosterol (III) isolated from the native plant Junellia aspera and chemical derivatives, were determinated on larvae, and adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). The current study shows that these triterpenes acts as acute toxic compounds when were applied topically and/or incorporated into the food of the red flour beetle. Nevertheless, no activity related with the nutritional status of this insect was produced. |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Triterpenes; Toxic effect; Tribolium castaneum; Junellia aspera. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0373-56802005000100010 |
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| Oliveira,Carolina Natali de; Neves,Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro; Kawazoe,Lídio Sueki. |
| Microbial control in integrated pest management (IPM) programs of coffee plantations is an important factor for the reduction of pest population densities. The use of selective pesticides can be associated with entomopathogens, increasing the efficiency of the control and reducing the use of required insecticides. The in vitro fungitoxic effect of insecticide formulations of Thiamethoxam, Cyfluthrin, Deltamethrin, Alpha-Cypermethrin, Triazophos, Chlorpyrifos, Fenpropathrin and Endosulfan and Beauveria bassiana (CG 425 strain) was evaluated at three concentrations (FR = average field recommendation; 0.5 ´ FR and 2 ´ FR). Effects of these products on conidia germination, vegetative growth and sporulation were compared. Only five insecticides, at the FR... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Microbial control; Toxic effect; Pesticides. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162003000400009 |
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