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| Venturini, Luciano. |
| Vertical competition, namely competition between retailers' store brands (or private labels) and manufacturers' brands has become a crucial factor of change of the competitive environment in several industries, particularly in the grocery and food industries. Despite the growing literature on the determinants of the phenomenon, one topic area regarding the impact of vertical competition on the upstream incentives to adopt non-price strategies such as product innovation as well as horizontal and vertical product differentiation has so far received little attention. An idea often put forward is that the increasing bargaining power of retailers and higher vertical competitive pressures can have negative effects on such incentives by lowering manufacturers'... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Vertical competition; Store brands; Delisting; Optimal advertising; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10050 |
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| Connor, John M.. |
| This paper surveys developments in analytical models and empirical findings concerning the strategic use of manufacturers' coupons for U.S. grocery products. Traditional theories examine the horizontal effects of coupons as a strategy to charge various classes of consumers different prices. Recent developments focus on the use of coupons in manufacturer-retailer vertical competition. The paper provides data on trends in couponing: numbers, face values, redemption rates, total promotional costs, and international usage. The paper further analyses the effective price discounts provided by coupons across brands and segments of ready-to-eat cereals during 1992-1995. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Coupons; Sales strategies; Vertical competition; Food products; Ready-to-eat cereals.; Industrial Organization; Marketing. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14344 |
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