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| Bonanno, Alessandro. |
| Wal-Mart, the largest retailer worldwide, has been suspected of exercising market power over input providers, both merchandise suppliers and workers. However, in spite of a growing body of literature investigating the beneficial economic impact of the company through its price-lowering effect, research analyzing the company’s economic impact over input suppliers is limited. This paper presents a general framework which can be used to investigate Wal-Mart’s market power over input suppliers, vis-à-vis a variation in input productivity, focusing on homogenous intermediate goods supplied locally. The model is general enough to account for incumbents’ reaction to Wal-Mart’s entry resulting in exit, entry and changes in the production technology. A simplified... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Wal-Mart; Oligopsony power; Entry; Wages; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; L13; L81; J42. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49599 |
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| Liu, Xiaoou; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| The Impact of Wal-Mart Supercenters on Supermarkets’ Profit Margins. XIAOOU LIU (Email: xiaoou2010@gmail.com, School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China 100872) RIGOBERTO LOPEZ (Professor and Department Head, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Storrs, CT 06269) This paper quantifies the impact of Wal-Mart Supercenters on supermarkets’ profitability via a two-stage dynamic entry game, using simulated methods of moment and milk scanner data from Dallas/Fort Worth supermarkets. The empirical findings show that the entry of Wal-Mart Supercenters accounts for about an average of 50% decreases in profit margins for incumbent supermarkets. The effect of scale of economies is found to be more... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Wal-Mart; Entry; Profit margins; Dynamic games; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61800 |
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| Brown, Mark G.. |
| In this paper, estimates of the impacts of various factors on the refrigerated OJ sales in Wal-Mart (WM) stores are presented. Data on WM stores, as well as grocery stores doing $2 million or greater annual business, across 52 Nielsen city markets (including the remaining U.S.) were studied. Since WM does not have stores in San Diego, this market was omitted. Weekly data for each city from week ending 3/11/06 through 3/01/08 (104 weeks) were included in the analysis. The relationship between WM refrigerated OJ dollar sales per store and 1) WM and $2million store prices, $2 million store promotions, a dummy variable to test whether sales may spike during periods when some consumers receive their paychecks (middle or end of the month), the number of same... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Demand; Orange juice; Wal-Mart; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104322 |
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| Wang, Shinn-Shyr; Rojas, Christian; Lavoie, Nathalie. |
| We consider a model of vertical competition where downstream firms (retailers) purchase an upstream input from a monopolist and are able to differentiate from each other in terms of quality. Our primary focus is to study the effects of introducing a large retailer, such as a Wal-Mart Supercenter, that is able to lower wholesale prices (i.e. buyer market power). We obtain two main results. First, the store with no buyer market power responds to the presence of the large retailer by increasing its quality, a finding that is consistent with recent efforts by traditional retailers to enhance shoppers’ buying experience (i.e. quality). Second, the presence of a large retailer causes consumer welfare to increase. There are, however, two reasons for the increase... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Buyer market power; Vertical differentiation; Wal-Mart; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Marketing; D43; L13; L81; M31; Q13. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57165 |
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| Martens, M. Andrea. |
| This study analyzes Wal-Mart’s pricing practices and its influence on competitors’ input cost transmission. Previous attempts to analyze Wal-Mart’s pricing strategy in the United States have been limited by the company’s refusal to provide scanner data to third party research firms such as AC Nielsen. This is the first study to observe Wal-Mart’s prices over an extended period of time. Using weekly-store level price data between 2001 and 2006 that government officials collected in 12 Mexican cities, I find that Wal-Mart adjusts its prices 1/3-3 times slower to wholesale price increases than other retailers and responds 5-7 times faster to wholesale price decreases than its competitors. This evidence is robust to the comparison of Wal-Mart to other hypermarkets... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Wal-Mart; Cost pass-through; Competition; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49459 |
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