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| Levin, Phillip S; NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center; phil.levin@noaa.gov; Williams, Gregory D; Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission; Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA; greg.williams@noaa.gov; Rehr, Amanda; NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center; pearlgrl@gmail.com; Norman, Karma C; NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center; karma.norman@noaa.gov; Harvey, Chris J; National Marine Fisheries Service; Chris.Harvey@noaa.gov. |
| The development of targets is foundational in conservation. Although progress has been made in setting targets, the diverse linkages among ecological and social components make target setting for coupled social-ecological systems extremely challenging. Developing integrated social-ecological targets is difficult because it forces policy makers to consider how management actions propagate throughout social-ecological systems, and because ultimately it is society, not scientists, that defines targets. We developed an interdisciplinary approach for identifying management targets and illustrate this approach using an example motivated by Puget Sound, USA. Our approach blends ecological modeling with empirical social science to articulate trade-offs and reveal... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Conservation target; Ecosystem assessment; Scenario analysis; Social norm analysis. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Rochet, Marie-joelle; Trenkel, Verena; Carpentier, Andre; Coppin, Franck; Gil De Sola, Luis; Leaute, Jean-pierre; Mahe, Jean-claude; Maiorano, Porzia; Mannini, Alessandro; Murenu, Matteo; Piet, Gerjan; Politou, Chrissi-yianna; Reale, Bruno; Spedicato, Maria-teresa; Tserpes, George; Bertrand, Jacques. |
| P>1. The development of ecosystem approaches to environmental management implies the need to account for multiple pressures on ecosystems. Trends in multiple metrics that respond differently to changes in major environmental pressures need to be combined to evaluate the impacts of fishing and environmental changes on fish communities. 2. An exploited fish community is viewed as a three-level food chain in which the two upper levels, or functional groups, are targeted by fishing fleets, while the lowest level is subject to environmental variation. Qualitative modelling is used to predict changes at the two upper levels, that is, top-down vs. bottom-up perturbations. Abundance and length metrics are calculated from survey data for 14 Mediterranean and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Bottom-up control; Community metrics; Compensation; Ecosystem approach to fisheries; Ecosystem assessment; Functional groups; Groundfish community; Mediterranean; North Atlantic; Top-down control. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00008/11925/8637.pdf |
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| Evans, Matthew R.; Bithell, Mike; Cornell, Stephen J.; Dall, Sasha R. X.; Diaz, Sandra; Emmott, Stephen; Ernande, Bruno; Grimm, Volker; Hodgson, David J.; Lewis, Simon L.; Mace, Georgina M.; Morecroft, Michael; Moustakas, Aristides; Murphy, Eugene; Newbold, Tim; Norris, K. J.; Petchey, Owen; Smith, Matthew; Travis, Justin M. J.; Benton, Tim G.. |
| Human societies, and their well-being, depend to a significant extent on the state of the ecosystems that surround them. These ecosystems are changing rapidly usually in response to anthropogenic changes in the environment. To determine the likely impact of environmental change on ecosystems and the best ways to manage them, it would be desirable to be able to predict their future states. We present a proposal to develop the paradigm of predictive systems ecology, explicitly to understand and predict the properties and behaviour of ecological systems. We discuss the necessary and desirable features of predictive systems ecology models. There are places where predictive systems ecology is already being practised and we summarize a range of terrestrial and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Modelling; Systems ecology; Climate change; Ecosystem assessment. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00177/28816/27291.pdf |
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