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Registros recuperados: 11
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SALMOD, a Salinity Management Tool for Irrigated Agriculture AgEcon
Armour, R.J.; Viljoen, Machiel F..
This paper presents an irrigation farm management tool, SALMOD (Salinity And Leaching Model for Optimal irrigation Development), that calculates the profit maximizing crop enterprise composition and irrigation management options for farm specific soil type, drainage status and irrigation system composition subject to various regional control measures and expected irrigation water salinities. After stating the water quality problem, and particularly salinisation in Southern Africa, the input data requirements and the results of SALMOD and their usefulness at farm level, are discussed. The impact of various possible regional or policy regulations are then discussed. SALMOD was developed for irrigators in the lower Vaal and Riet Rivers in South Africa. These...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Water quality; Return flows; Salinisation; Leaching; Non-point source pollution; On-farm storage; SALMOD; Linear programming; GAMS; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7012
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Environmental lobbying with imperfect public monitoring of environmental quality AgEcon
Beard, Rodney; Mallawaarachchi, Thilak; Salerno, Gillian.
In this paper we present a two stage game of political lobbying for policies designed to enhance environmental quality. Unlike previous work which has tended to assume perfect monitoring of environmental quality in lobbying games we allow for imperfect monitoring of environmental quality. We characterize perfect public (politico-economic) equilibria in the game for the case of both perfect and imperfect monitoring of environmental quality and compare these with imperfect private monitoring of environmental quality. Results are discussed with respect to farmer behaviour in the context of non-point source pollution and implications for the political consequences of farm extension programmes highlighted.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Game theory; Public choice; Imperfect public monitoring; Imperfect private monitoring; Non-point source pollution; Agricultural extension; Public education; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10391
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Environmental protection of agriculture -clash of policies? AgEcon
Helin, Janne.
Agricultural primary production is extensively influenced by policies and regulation. On the level of European Union the common agricultural policy (CAP), frames the production environment. This study analyses the conflict of environmental and income policies in the context of CAP reform, eutrophication, the Water Framework Directive and Finnish policies. As targets of the policies do not coincide and often conflict, the environmental problems of farming have not been solved in the past decades. The comparative analysis is conducted quantitatively under static non-linear optimisation framework of representative farms of cereal and milk production regions of Finland. The results indicate that the decoupling of subsidies from production has enabled more...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nutrient; Abatement cost; Non-point source pollution; Agriculture; CAP; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6468
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Design of Agricultural Cleaner Production Technology System AgEcon
Hu, Jun-mei; Wang, Xin-jie.
Based on the introduction of agricultural cleaner production, technology system design of planting cleaner production is discussed from five aspects of water-saving irrigation technology, fertilization technology, diseases and insects control technology, straw comprehensive utilization technology and plastic film pollution control technology. Cleaner production technology system of livestock and poultry raise is constructed from the aspects of source control technology, reduction technique in breeding process and end control technology. Thus, the implementation of agricultural cleaner production technology system has profound impact on the agricultural sustainable development in China.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Non-point source pollution; Agricultural cleaner production; Technology system; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93453
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Towards Design For a Nutrient Trading Programme to Improve Water Quality in Lake Rotorua AgEcon
Kerr, Suzi; Lauder, Glen; Fairman, David.
This paper explores how to enhance the role for academic research (natural sciences, economics and their integration; and stakeholder management) within the development and implementation of water quality policy in New Zealand. Our focus is on the use of market based instruments and particularly nutrient trading programmes, which are one important part of the potential tool kit to address these issues. We discuss why nutrient trading might be an appropriate instrument for the Lake Rotorua catchment. We survey the existing literature and then outline the outstanding scientific, economic and governance questions that need to be addressed to design an effective trading programme. Finally we discuss how to design a process to address these questions drawing on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Water quality; Emissions trading; Non-point source pollution; Nutrients; Rotorua; Communication; Learning; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q53; Q57; Q58; A12.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9462
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Micro-simulation as a tool to assess policy concerning non-point source pollution: the case of ammonia in Dutch agriculture AgEcon
Kruseman, Gideon; Blokland, Pieter-Willem; Bouma, Foppe; Luesink, Harry H.; Mokveld, Lennard J.; Vrolijk, Hans C.J..
Non-point source pollution is notoriously difficult to assess. A relevant example is ammonia emissions in the Netherlands. Since the mid 1980s the Dutch government has sought to reduce emissions through a wide variety of measures, the effect of which in turn is monitored using modeling techniques. This paper presents the current generation of mineral emission models from agriculture based on micro-simulation of farms in combination with a spatial equilibrium model for the dispersion of manure from excess regions with high livestock intensities within the country to areas with low livestock intensities. The micro-simulation approach retains the richness in the heterogeneity of farm household decision making that are the core cause of the difficulty of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Micro-simulation; Spatial equilibrium model; Non-point source pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6661
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Ex-ante evaluation of tightening environmental policy: the case of mineral use in Dutch agriculture AgEcon
Kruseman, Gideon; Blokland, Pieter-Willem; Luesink, Harry H.; Vrolijk, Hans C.J..
Non-point source pollution is notoriously difficult to asses. A relevant example is mineral emissions in the Netherlands. Since the mid 1980s the Dutch government has sought to reduce emissions through a wide variety of measures, the effect of which in turn is monitored using modeling techniques. This paper presents the current generation of mineral emission models from agriculture based on microsimulation of farms in combination with a spatial equilibrium model for the dispersion of manure from excess regions with high livestock intensities within the country to areas with low livestock intensities. The micro-simulation approach retains the richness in the heterogeneity of farm household decision making that are the core cause of the difficulty of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Micro-simulation; Spatial-equilibrium model; Non-point source pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43644
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Optimal Control of Nutrient Pollution in a Coastal Ecosystem: Agricultural Abatement versus Investment in Wastewater Treatment Capacity AgEcon
Laukkanen, Marita; Huhtala, Anni.
We examine in a dynamic framework how public resources should be allocated to small-scale water protection efforts in agriculture or alternatively to investments in large-scale waste water treatment plants to control point source loads. The building of waste water treatment capacity is characterized by high set-up costs as compared to the operating costs. We determine the optimal timing of investment, the rate of nutrient load reduction from point versus non-point sources, and the optimal switching policies from control of non-point pollution only to control of both non-point and point sources. The results of the analytical model are illustrated with simulation of optimal abatement policies for the Finnish coastal waters in the Gulf of Finland.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Non-point source pollution; Point-source pollution; Timing of investment; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24451
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Factors Affecting Reduction of Fertilizer Application by Farmers: Empirical Study with Data from Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province AgEcon
Liu, Yu; Zhang, Jun-biao; Du, Jiang.
Non-point source pollution arises from fertilizer application in China. This paper empirical test the major factors which affect fertilizer application amount using econometric models and micro-level data from Jianghan plain in Hubei province by year 2006. The results demonstrate that housemaster’s education level, family’s management scale, land fragmentation are major factors affecting farmer’s decision-making process. When farmers have consciousness of scientific fertilization, higher agricultural labor proportion, farther land distance, longer production period could decrease fertilizer application amount. In the field of agricultural public policy, training for technical generalization is helpful in reducing fertilizer consumption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Non-point source pollution; Farmer; Fertilizer application; Influence factors; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50355
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Modeling environmental risk and land management trade-offs in the Great Barrier Reef catchment AgEcon
Mallawaarachchi, Thilak; Mazur, Kasia; Lawson, Kenton.
We develop a catchment scale modeling framework to identify cost-effective strategies for joint onsite abatement and offsite mitigation of land-based pollution from agricultural activities that pose a risk to water quality in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). An illustrative example of the Barron catchment in north Queensland is used to demonstrate an approach to specify social planner’'s problem for non-point source pollution management as a cost minimisation model to meet a specified reduction in land-based pollution emissions at the receiving waters of GBR. We focus on the tradeoffs between onsite pollution control and offsite pollution mitigation under a collective contract for nutrient reduction at a sub-catchment level and discuss implementation options.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Non-point source pollution; Water quality; Land use; Cost-effectiveness; Coastal zone management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10377
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Valuing a Spatially Diverse Non-Market Good: The Benefits of Reduced Non-Point Source Pollution in Green Bay, WI AgEcon
Moore, Rebecca; Bishop, Richard C.; Provencher, Bill.
This article presents an empirical approach to correcting for spatial interactions in stated preference data when valuing large-scale, spatially variable environmental improvements. This approach is presented in the context of a contingent valuation study estimating the benefits of reduced non-point source pollution in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The significant spatial variation of water clarity conditions in this large water body was captured using satellite-derived GIS data. This article focuses on two significant challenges: first, ensuring respondents are adequately informed of how the proposed change will impact their individual utility stream; second, dealing with the spatial effects within the estimation model. The GIS water clarity data were used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Water quality; Non-point source pollution; Contingent valuation; Spatial correlation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9809
Registros recuperados: 11
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