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AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT AND THE DIVERSIFICATION OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AgEcon
Chaplin, Hannah; Davidova, Sophia; Gorton, Matthew.
Survey evidence from three Central European Countries (Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland) is analysed to identify the degree of non-agricultural farm diversification and the factors facilitating or impeding it in individual farms. The effect of diversification on rural job creation is investigated. The results indicate that the level of diversification is relatively small and enterprise diversification by farmers is unlikely to generate sufficient new jobs and solve the problem of high rural unemployment. The attempt to transpose the Western European model of agricultural diversification to the acceding countries via the SAPARD programme is questionable, as non-farm centric rural policies appear to be more appropriate.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm households; Non-agricultural diversification; Job creation; Central Europe; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25843
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Agricultural economics and transition: What was expected, what we observed, the lessons learned Proceedings (Volume I / II) AgEcon
Csaki, Csaba; Forgacs, Csaba; Koester, Ulrich; Liefert, William M.; Banse, Martin; Gay, Stephan Hubertus; McDonald, Scott; M'Barek, Robert; Swinnen, Johan F.M.; Kim, Hanho; An, Donghwan; Hubbard, Lionel J.; Rieger, Laszlo; Szoke, Gyula; Cristoiu, Adriana; Udovc, Andrej; Kagan, Adam; Sassi, Maria; Takacs, Istvan; Takacs, Emese; Cimpoies, Dragos; Ertsey, Imre; Kovacs, Sandor; Przygodzka, Renata; Dziemianowicz, Ryta Iwona; Magda, Robert; Borodina, Elena; Borodina, Alexandra; Gavrilescu, Dinu; Pecze, Denes; Balogh, Peter; Cechura, Lukas; Sayin, Cengiz; Cengiz, M. Nisa; Osanami, Fumio; Szabo, Gabor G.; Karaman, Suleyman; Szekely, Geza; Szczepaniak, Iwona; Szczegolska, Monika; Serova, Eugenia; Pieniadz, Agata; Barmon, Basanta Kumar; Kondo, Takumi; Becvarova, Vera; Levkovych, Inna; Hockmann, Heinrich; Bezlepkina, Irina V.; Kupavych, Alexander; Konig, Gabor; Halmai, Peter; Vasary, Viktoria; Vincze, Maria-Magdolna; Lerman, Zvi; Kolcsey, Andrea; Bokusheva, Raushan; Turtoi, Crina Sinziana; Toma, Camelia; Gavrilescu, Camelia; Davidova, Sophia; Blaas, Gejza; Antonova, Maria; Zeller, Manfred; Deininger, Klaus W.; Savastano, Sara; Carletto, Calogero; Caceres-Clavero, Francisco; Lucena-Cobos, Blanca; Latruffe, Laure; Takacs-Gyorgy, Katalin; Bandlerova, Anna; Sadowski, Adam; Gomez y Paloma, Sergio; Luca, Lucian; Cristoiu, Adriana; Ciaian, Pavel; Pokrivcak, Jan; Drabik, Dusan; Voneki, Eva; Tonini, Axel; Burger, Anna; Szep, Katalin; Majewski, Edward; Raggi, Meri; Viaggi, Davide; Maccarini, Elisa Ricci; Monasterolo, Irene; Vandeplas, Anneleen; Jongeneel, Roelof A.; Novak, Petr; Brasili, Cristina; Meyer, William H.; Kuhne, Bianka; Fanfani, Roberto; Gellynck, Xavier; Molnar, Adrienn; Gagalyuk, Taras; Traikova, Diana; Mollers, Judith; Cochrane, Nancy J.; Kazlauskiene, Natalija; Fekete-Farkas, Maria; Molnar, Jozsef; Szucs, Istvan; Popp, Jozsef; Udovecz, Gabor; Florkowski, Wojciech J.; Fritzsch, Jana; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Kasarjyan, Milada; Podruzsik, Szilard; Korff, Rudiger; Wilkin, Jerzy; van Leeuwen, Myrna; Bartova, Lubica; Erjavec, Emil; Katona-Kovacs, Judit; Baranyai, Zsolt; Hubbard, Carmen.
Over fifteen years have elapsed since the transition from the centrally planned economic system started in the early 1990’s. During this time agricultural and rural areas of Central and Eastern Europe have undergone profound structural changes with wide variations in the degree of transformation and in the rate of success in creating a competitive market and private ownership based food and agricultural system. By becoming member of the European Union the "transition" in its traditional interpretation has been concluded in ten of the Central East European countries. The transition to market based agriculture, however, is far from completion in Southern and Eastern Europe and especially in the CIS countries. International Association of Agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92319
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Analysis of Vocational and Residential Preferences of Rural Population: Application of an Experimental Technique to Rural Slovenia AgEcon
Zanni, Alberto M.; Davidova, Sophia; Bailey, Alastair.
This study represents the first application of Choice Experiments to the analysis of the monetary and non-pecuniary determinants of vocational choice and spatial labor supply. It identifies the determinants of individual’s choice of jobs and place of residence, and provides a better understanding of the process of rural labor adjustments in a country in transition, Slovenia. The results indicate that the effect of wages, as the main factor influencing employment choice, is counterbalanced by other determinants affecting working conditions and residence. A considerable degree of immobility in terms of migration and commuting has been revealed. As a result, a rapid urbanisation process is unlikely to happen in the near future, according to individuals’...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Labor supply; Migration; Rural; Slovenia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; J0; P0; C0.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25534
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Can the CAP payments facilitate the growth of individual farms in the New Member States post-EU accession? AgEcon
Latruffe, Laure; Davidova, Sophia; Douarin, Elodie; Gorton, Matthew.
The impact of the introduction of EU Single Area Payments (SAP) on farm strategy in New Member States is investigated for a sample of Lithuanian farms, utilizing farm accounting and survey data. The application of two investment models demonstrates that the credit market in Lithuania was imperfect prior to accession and that some farms were financially constrained. The introduction of the SAP has a significant, positive influence on farmers’ intentions to expand their farm area compared to a baseline scenario of the continuation of pre-accession policy. The switch in policy has a more pronounced effect on farms that were previously credit constrained. While the SAP has been presented as a policy support that is decoupled from production, its introduction...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Single Area Payments (SAP); Common Agricultural Policy (CAP); Credit; Lithuania; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43611
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Can the CAP payments facilitate the growth of individual farms in the NMS post-EU accession? AgEcon
Latruffe, Laure; Davidova, Sophia; Douarin, Elodie; Gorton, Matthew.
The impact of the introduction of the EU Single Area Payments (SAP) on farm strategy is investigated for a sample of Lithuanian farms, utilising farm accounting and survey data. The applications of two investment models demonstrate that the credit market in Lithuania was imperfect prior to accession and that some farms were financially constrained. The introduction of the SAP has a significant, positive influence on farmers’ intentions to expand their farm area compared to a baseline scenario of the continuation of pre-accession policy. The switch in policy has a more pronounced effect on farms that were previously credit constrained. While the SAP has been presented as a policy support that is decoupled from production, its introduction will nevertheless...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Single Area Payments (SAP); Common Agricultural Policy (CAP); Credit; Lithuania.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36861
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CAP Direct Payments and Distributional Conflicts Over Rented Land within Corporate Farms in the New Member States AgEcon
Latruffe, Laure; Davidova, Sophia.
This paper aims to investigate whether distributional issues within corporate farms in the New Member States will be exacerbated by the introduction of the CAP direct payments. The paper focuses on the specific impact of the payments on the land rented to the corporate farms by private landowners. If the latter are not satisfied with the level of rent they receive, they have the option to end their rental contract and withdraw their land from the farm. Before the accession to the EU the landowners did not have strong incentives to withdraw, as the other available opportunities were not associated with higher returns on land ownership. However, this situation might change as the landowners can now cash the direct payments themselves, providing they keep...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CAP direct payments; Corporate farms; Distributional conflicts; Game theory; Landowners; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25242
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Commonalities and Differences in Labour Market Developments and Constraints in Different EU Regions AgEcon
Tocco, Barbara; Davidova, Sophia; Bailey, Alastair.
This paper provides a detailed overview of the differences across EU member states’ labour markets,through the extensive use of descriptive statistics. The objective is two-fold: firstly, it identifies the commonalities and differences in rural labour markets across EU regions and their developments, with special regard to agriculture, and secondly it emphasises the constraints that may hinder the efficient functioning of labour markets. Therefore, the paper starts with a description of the main indicators in the general labour market theory, such as the structure of the population in terms of age and gender distribution, unemployment and activity rates, employment levels, quality of human capital, migration patterns, and so forth. Secondly, we focus on...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Commonalities and differences; Rural labour markets; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122850
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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSING STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN AGRICULTURE AND RURAL LIVELIHOODS AgEcon
Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Mollers, Judith; Happe, Kathrin; Davidova, Sophia; Fredriksson, Lena; Bailey, Alastair; Kancs, d'Artis; Swinnen, Johan F.M.; Vranken, Liesbet; Hubbard, Carmen; Ward, Neil; Juvancic, Luka; Milczarek, Dominika; Plamen, Mishev.
The Deliverable 2.1 (D2.1) of the SCARLED project provides the conceptual framework for analysing structural change in agriculture and rural livelihoods in the NMS and established Member States of the EU. It concisely summarizes the underlying theories and concepts of the pertinent research issues in SCARLED. SCARLED addresses a topic of wide interest with regard to the identification of past and future key social and agricultural restructuring processes for a living countryside in the NMS. Methodologically, the topic is approached by comparative, structured multi-country farm surveys complemented by an analysis of structural changes in the farm sectors of two selected regions with the agent-based simulation model AgriPoliS, taking special account of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91737
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Determinants for fallowing land: The case of Kosovo AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Davidova, Sophia; Latruffe, Laure.
The key question of this paper is why farmers in Kosovo leave land fallow when the total land of their farms is rather small and households are rather large. In order to elicit some barriers to land utilisation in Kosovo, the paper is based on a comprehensive survey carried out in 2005 investigating agricultural households’ perceptions of production and market conditions, and employs several households and farm characteristics to empirically approximate the significance of different factors for leaving land fallow and not using it for production purposes. Three different econometric models are used expected to fit the data distribution. All estimated model specifications show a statistical significance at a satisfactory level and no severe signs of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fallow land decision; Kosovo; Tobit regression; Fractional response regression; Zero-inflated binomial regression; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Q12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51626
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Determinants of smallholders’ decisions to leave land fallow: the case of Kosovo AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Davidova, Sophia; Latruffe, Laure.
The objective of this article is to investigate why farmers in Kosovo leave land fallow when the total land of their farms is small and households, almost fully dependent on farming for their livelihoods, are large. In order to elicit some of the barriers to land utilization, the article uses a comprehensive survey carried out during the agricultural year 2005/2006 to explore agricultural households’ perceptions of production, market conditions, and general security six years after the end of the military conflict in the former Yugoslavia. Several agro-environmental, household and farm characteristics are employed to empirically approximate the significance of different factors for leaving land fallow. Three different econometric models are used to address...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fallow land decision; Kosovo; Endogeneity; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C24; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94917
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Determinants of the Fallowing Decision in Kosovo AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Davidova, Sophia; Latruffe, Laure.
The key question of this paper is why farmers in Kosovo leave land fallow when the total land of their farms is rather small and households are rather large. In order to elicit some barriers to land utilisation in Kosovo, the paper is based on a comprehensive survey carried out in 2005 investigating agricultural households’ perceptions of production and market conditions, and employs several households and farm characteristics to empirically approximate the significance of different factors for leaving land fallow and not using it for production purposes. Three different econometric models are used expected to fit the data distribution. All estimated model specifications show a statistical significance at a satisfactory level and no severe signs of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fallow land decision; Kosovo; Tobit regression; Fractional response regression; Zero-inflated binomial regression; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51072
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Development of Agricultural Market and Trade Policies in the CEE Candidate Countries. AgEcon
Sepp, Mati; Gorton, Matthew; Miglavs, Andris; Kazlauskiene, Natalija; Meyers, William H.; Guba, Waldemar; Ratinger, Tomas; Safin, Marius; Simon, Françoise; Bozik, Marian; Michalek, Jerzy; Banse, Martin; Ferenczi, Tibor; Bojnec, Stefan; Turk, Jernej; Dalton, Graham E.; Turtoi, Crina Sinziana; Vincze, Maria-Magdolna; Davidova, Sophia; Ivanova, Nedka Momtscheva; Mishev, Plamen Dimitrov; Abele, Steffen; Frohberg, Klaus; Hartmann, Monika; Matthews, Alan; Weingarten, Peter.
This synthesis report focuses on the evolution of agricultural market and trade policies in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) candidate countries in the period 1997 to 2001. The developments were crucially influenced by (OECD, 2000a): • the situation in world agricultural markets; • the overall macroeconomic development in the countries considered; • the prospective EU accession; • bringing domestic agricultural policy in line with the Uruguay Agreement on Agriculture (URAA). High 1997 agricultural prices on world commodity markets were followed by a marked depression in 1998. With the exemption of milk products this trend continued in 1999. Likewise the economic and financial crisis in Russia had a considerable impact on agricultural policies. It hit...
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93083
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Environmental efficiency of small farms in selected EU NMS AgEcon
Suta, Cornelia Madalina; Bailey, Alastair; Davidova, Sophia.
The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the environmental efficiency and farm commercialisation in selected EU NMS (Bulgaria, Romania and Poland). Using a cross- section of agricultural households, environmental technical efficiency scores are calculated using hyperbolic distance function approach. The results indicate there is a negative relation between the increase in commercialisation of small farms and the production of negative externalities, like nitrogen surplus.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Distance function; Nitrogen surplus; Market integration; Stochastic frontier analysis; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95323
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Heterogeneous Technologies as an Answer to Market and Price Risk: The Case of Kosovo AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Davidova, Sophia; Gorton, Matthew.
This paper empirically measures the prevalence of heterogeneous technologies in a sample of small-scale agricultural producers as an answer to structural conditions and market risks. Such risks are closely linked to the effects of land fragmentation and the degree of market integration. We use the empirical case of Kosovo as a transition country to investigate the efficiency effects of land fragmentation by simultaneously considering the effects of market integration. Different to previous studies, we assume that land fragmentation and market integration lead to the prevalence of heterogeneous technologies allowing farm households to respond more efficiently to exogenous price and policy shocks given their fragmentation and subsistence situation. The...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122509
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Impediments to Employment and Enterprise Diversification: Evidence from Small-Scale Farms in Poland AgEcon
Chaplin, Hannah; Davidova, Sophia; Gorton, Matthew.
In an environment of low returns to agricultural activities and slow structural change, both employment and enterprise diversification have been presented as possible strategies for raising the incomes of farm households. This paper focuses on the barriers to taking up off-farm employment and establishing new non-agricultural enterprises. Factor and cluster analysis are applied to a data-set of individual farms in Poland in order to identify groups of households facing similar constraints and profile policy measures that are most likely to assist diversification. The majority of non-diversifiers are unlikely to become pluriactive in the near future due to a combination of age, a desire to concentrate on farming and remoteness. Farm households that are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poland; Diversification; Off-farm employment; Non-agricultural enterprises; Cluster analysis; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; R0; Q12.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24760
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IMPLEMENTATION OF SINGLE AREA PAYMENT SCHEME IN THE EU NEW MEMBER STATES AgEcon
Davidova, Sophia.
The 2003 reform represents a significant shift in the EU policy, particularly in its movement to decoupled support. The potential impact of the reform depends on a range of factors including the modalities of its implementation and the structure of farming sectors in different countries. The then acceding countries had the flexibility to choose to implement the Single Payment Scheme (SPS) or to opt for the simplified Single Area Payment Scheme (SAPS). This paper attempts to provide a comparative overview of the level and distributional aspects of direct payments across seven New Member States (NMS) covering different sub-regions, the Baltics, Central and Eastern Europe, and the two most recent Member States from the Balkans – Bulgaria and Romania. Although...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Single Area Payment Scheme; New member states.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Political Economy; Q1; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44866
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Key Issues in Agricultural Labour Markets: A Review of Major Studies and Project Reports on Agriculture and Rural Labour Markets AgEcon
Tocco, Barbara; Davidova, Sophia; Bailey, Alastair.
This paper provides a synthesis of the empirical literature on the key issues in agricultural and rural labour markets since the 1960s, drawing mainly upon studies from the United States and the European Union, but also including relevant material from developing countries. The contribution of this meta-analysis lies in its unique structure as it covers the main research questions that have been addressed in the literature and includes the most cited papers from the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Journal of Agricultural Economics, European Review of Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Economics as well as other reports and EU-funded projects. Each research question is accompanied by a tabular summary that classifies the individual studies...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Key issues; Agricultural labour markets; Literature review; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122847
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Land Fragmentation, Market Integration and Farm Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from Kosovo AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Davidova, Sophia; Gorton, Matthew.
This paper investigates the effect of land fragmentation on farm efficiency in Kosovo utilising agricultural household survey data. To recognise heterogeneity among agricultural production systems in Kosovo, we estimate the technology separately for different groups or “classes” of farms, identified using latent class modelling. This approach separates the data into multiple technological “classes” according to estimated probabilities of class membership based on multiple specified characteristics, relating in this case to land fragmentation and market integration. The latent class frontier method is linked to the estimation of a multi-output multi-input production function, namely a directional output distance function, and to the estimation of Morishima...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Land fragmentation; Market integration; Farm households; Kosovo; Agricultural and Food Policy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; O13; Q12.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123236
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Leaving land fallow: The case of subsistence farming in the Western Balkans AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Davidova, Sophia; Latruffe, Laure.
The key question of this paper is why farmers in Kosovo leave land fallow when the total land of their farms is rather small and households are rather large. In order to elicit some barriers to land utilisation in Kosovo, the paper is based on a comprehensive survey investigating agricultural households’ perceptions of production and market conditions, and employs several households and farm characteristics to empirically approximate the significance of different factors for leaving land fallow and not using it for production purposes. Three different models have been estimated. All estimated model specifications show a statistical significance at a satisfactory level and no severe signs of misspecification. One of the main factors farmers stated for their...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fallow land decision; Kosovo; Tobit regression; Fractional response regression; Zero-inflated binomial regression; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53278
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Non-Agricultural Diversification of Farm Households and Corporate Farms in Central Europe AgEcon
Chaplin, Hannah; Davidova, Sophia; Gorton, Matthew.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15728
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