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Registros recuperados: 46
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A DECOMPOSITION APPROACH TO ANALYZING RACIAL AND GENDER BIASES 31
Wu, Ya; Escalante, Cesar L.; Gunter, Lewell F.; Epperson, James E..
This study provides a different perspective in revisiting the racial and gender discrimination issue regarding FSA loans. The Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method, commonly used in wage discrimination analysis, is employed to determine whether there exist unwarranted differences between the loan amounts approved among racial and gender classes. The findings of this study are inconclusive. As with previous studies, no clear and convincing evidence was found to signal racial or gender discrimination with respect to approved loan amounts to farmer borrowers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Credit risk; Farm Service Agency; Gender bias; Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition; Racial bias; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49308
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A Farm-level Approach to the Methyl Bromide Phase-out: Identifying Alternatives and Maximizing Net Worth Using Stochastic Dominance and Optimization Procedures. 31
Byrd, Mark M.; Escalante, Cesar L.; Wetzstein, Michael E.; Fonsah, Esendugue Greg.
Alternative fumigant and herbicide systems for Georgia's pepper farms are analyzed relative to soon-to-be phased-out methyl bromide system. Stochastic dominance analyses identify two alternatives exceeding MeBr's yield and financial efficiency. A programming model using simulation-optimization techniques provides important implications on the pepper farms' economic viability under these alternative systems.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35265
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A Plan for Economic Evaluation of Organic Blueberry Production in Georgia 31
Plattner, Kristy; Fonsah, Esendugue Greg; Escalante, Cesar L.; Krewer, Gerard; Anderson, Peter; Liburd, Oscar; Tertuliano, Moukaram.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Blueberry consumption is increasing across the United States. Georgia’s production value of conventional blueberries has exceeded that of peaches to reach a farm-gate value of $75 million. Demand for organic food products is increasing with United States gross sales at $16.9 billion in 2006. Economic feasibility of organic blueberries is uncertain creating risk in transitioning from conventional to organic production. The principal objective is to utilize field data to determine the costs of various production methods; By developing several enterprise budgets for each adopted technique.; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6805
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Agricultural Banking and Early Warning Models for the Bank Failures of the Late 2000s Great Recession 31
Li, Xiaofei; Escalante, Cesar L.; Epperson, James E.; Gunter, Lewell F..
This paper is designed to validate if the agricultural sector can once again be labeled as an instigator of the late-2000s Great Recession using the early warning models technique. The empirical results indicate that exposure to agribusiness operations does not necessarily enhance a banks’ tendency to fail.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Banking; Early warning signals; In-sample accuracy; Out-of-sample forecasting; Agricultural Finance; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; G21; G32; G33; C01.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119656
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COMPARING LAND VALUES AND CAPITALIZATION OF CASH RENTS FOR CROPLAND AND PASTURE IN GEORGIA 31
Flanders, Archie; White, Fred C.; Escalante, Cesar L..
Nonagricultural factors impact land values to cause a divergence of discounted cash rents for agricultural land and land values. Focus is given to the portion of land values attributable to discounted cash rents. Unique characteristics for cropland and pasture lead to differences in capitalization rates. Nonagricultural factors are greatest for pasture. Keywords: land values, cash rents, capitalization, discounted cash rents, cropland, pasture
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land values; Cash rents; Capitalization; Discounted cash rents; Cropland; Pasture; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34614
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CREDIT ASSESSMENT AND RATIONING IN A FEDERAL LENDING FRAMEWORK 31
Brooks, Rodney L.; Escalante, Cesar L.; Epperson, James E.; Stegelin, Forrest E..
Empirical evidence on the Farm Service Agency’'s credit evaluation and minority lending practices are presented using actual borrower data during aftermath of 1997 class action suit by Black farmers. Results indicate non-applicability of conventional credit assessment methods of private lenders, thus reinforcing FSA'’s role as lender of last resort.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20218
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Credit Risk Assessment and Racial Minority Lending at the Farm Service Agency 31
Escalante, Cesar L.; Brooks, Rodney L.; Epperson, James E.; Stegelin, Forrest E..
The nature of credit risk assessment and basis of loan approval decisions of the Farm Service Agency are analyzed in the aftermath of the black farmers’ 1997 class action suit against the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This study did not uncover convincing evidence of racial discrimination against nonwhite borrowers under a binomial logistic framework based on the probability of a loan application’s approval. Moreover, the collective use of more stringent and objective credit-scoring measures usually employed by commercial lenders is less evident in the Farm Service Agency’s evaluation of loan applications.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Binomial logistic regression; Credit risk; Credit-scoring model; Direct lending; Farm Service Agency; Guaranteed lending; Racial bias; Agricultural Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; G20; G21; G28; Q10; Q14.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43749
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Determinants of the Organic Farmers' Demand for Hired Farm Labor 31
Neely, Carrie E.; Escalante, Cesar L..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21047
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Determinants of the Strength of Strategic Adjustments in Farm Capital Structure 31
Escalante, Cesar L.; Barry, Peter J..
This study employs correlation relationships to measure the strength of trade-offs between business and financial risks as a representative of the strategic capital adjustment process. Under different business risk measures based on varying lengths of historical farm income data, results suggest that farmers tend to adopt a myopic perspective when contemplating risk-balancing plans. Cross-sectional regression results for two-time period models covering the decade of the 1980s and 1990s yielded important implications. The liquidity-constrained environment of the 1980s emphasizes the combination of risk-balancing plans, specialization, and market revenue-enhancing strategies. In the 1990s, risk balancing becomes compatible with risk-reducing crop...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Business risk; Correlation coefficient measure of risk balancing; Expected utility mean variance model; Financial risk; Risk management strategy; Stochastic interest rates; Strategic capital adjustment; D21; D81; G11; Q12; Q14.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37834
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Differentiation in Farm Labor Complement Profiles of Organic and Conventional Farms in the Southeast: Coping with a Changing Farm Labor Market 31
Escalante, Cesar L.; Santos, Florence Ivy M..
The farm labor market is expected to experience supply deficiencies as a result of the displacement of foreign unskilled workers due to the impending implementation of stricter immigration policies in the United States. This study scrutinizes the farm labor hiring predicament of farm operators using data from the household survey we administered on organic and conventional farms in the Southeast U.S. Specifically, we used the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) approach to model and examine the level of difficulty experienced by farmers in hiring non-family farm workers and its influence on farm labor management decisions. We also explore the probable motivation of the extent of family members’ involvement in farm work and analyze the influence of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organic Farming; Conventional Farming; Farm labor; Immigration policies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Q12; Q13; J20.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61359
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DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS TIME MODELS FOR FARM CREDIT MIGRATION ANALYSIS 31
Deng, Xiaohui; Escalante, Cesar L.; Barry, Peter J.; Yu, Yingzhuo.
This paper introduces two continuous time models, i.e. time homogenous and non-homogenous Markov chain models, for analyzing farm credit migration as alternatives to the traditional discrete time model cohort method. Results illustrate that the two continuous time models provide more detailed, accurate and reliable estimates of farm credit migration rates than the discrete time model. Metric comparisons among the three transition matrices show that the imposition of the potentially unrealistic assumption of time homogeneity still produces more accurate estimates of farm credit migration rates, although the equally reliable figures under the non-homogenous time model seem more plausible given the greater relevance and applicability of the latter model to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20062
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ECONOMIC RISK AND THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FARM BUSINESSES 31
Barry, Peter J.; Escalante, Cesar L.; Bard, Sharon K..
Using longitudinal panel farm-level data, this study finds that income variability may be materially influenced by farm size. Econometric results suggest that policy analyses and other considerations of the distributional effects of, and response to, income variability for commercial scale family farms may concentrate on farm size and other structural variables.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk; Income variability; Farm size; Financial structure; Farm Management; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21778
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Economics of Organic Blueberry Establishment in Georgia 31
Plattner, Kristy; Fonsah, Esendugue Greg; Escalante, Cesar L.; Krewer, Gerard; Scherm, Harald; Andersen, Peter C.; Liburd, Oscar; Tertuliano, Moukaram.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55620
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Equilibrium of Land Values from Agricultural and General Economic Factors for Cropland and Pasture Capitalization in Georgia 31
Flanders, Archie; White, Fred C.; Escalante, Cesar L..
Nonagricultural factors impact land values to cause a divergence of discounted cash rents for agricultural land and land values in Georgia. General economic factors are represented by per capita income in nonmetro areas. Cash rents for cropland and pasture have positive impacts on land values. Nonagricultural factors are stronger influences on land values than are cash rents. Greater effective demand exists for pasture than for cropland because pasture is subject to relatively more pricing pressure in northern counties with higher incomes and population. Increased land values have led to increased net wealth for Georgia agricultural producers.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Capitalization; Cash rent; Cointegration; Equilibrium; Error correction mechanism; Land values; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59605
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Evaluating Agricultural Banking Efficiency Using the Fourier Flexible Functional Form 31
Yu, Yingzhuo; Escalante, Cesar L.; Deng, Xiaohui.
This study applied more flexible cost functional form, Fourier Flexible Functional Form, and tested the validity of the Translog cost functional form as to estimate the cost function incorporating risk and loan's quality for banking industry. Meanwhile, the study extended four different cost efficiency measures for banking industry not only among different sized banks but also between commercial banks and agricultural banks. And thereafter, by evaluating these efficiency measures, banks will identify sources of inefficiency, which should aid banks in developing approaches to improve their operational policies, procedures, and performance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34939
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FACTORS AFFECTING THE PROFITABILITY OF GOLF COURSES IN GEORGIA 31
Boumtje, Pierre I.; Florkowski, Wojciech J.; Landry, Gil W., Jr.; Escalante, Cesar L..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34664
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FARM FINANCIAL STRUCTURE DECISIONS UNDER DIFFERENT INTERTEMPORAL RISK BEHAVIORAL CONSTRUCTS 31
Nelson, Carl H.; Escalante, Cesar L..
An alternative unconstrained expected-utility maximization model of farm debt is developed using the location-scale parameter condition that incorporates the empirically validated hypotheses of decreasing absolute and constant relative risk aversion. Simulation-optimization results based on the old and new model versions provide interesting implications for various levels of risk aversion and initial equity investments.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34756
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Farmland Control Decisions under Different Intertemporal Risk Behavioral Constructs 31
Escalante, Cesar L.; Rejesus, Roderick M..
Simulation-optimization techniques are employed to analyze changes in farmland control arrangements as a result of using different constructs of intertemporal risk behavior. Risk behavior based on constant absolute risk aversion (CARA) and constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) mean-standard deviation functions are used to achieve this objective. Specfically, a multi-period programming framework for a representative grain farm is developed to explore farmland control decisions under these two behavioral assumptions. Our results suggest that the use of a CRRA behavioral construct in analyzing farmland control decisions produce predictions that are more consistent with observed farm behavior.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19113
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FARM-LEVEL AND MACROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF FARM CREDIT MIGRATION RATES 31
Escalante, Cesar L.; Barry, Peter J.; Park, Timothy A.; Demir, Ebru.
Probit regression techniques are used to identify factors affecting rates of farm credit migration. Macroeconomic factors, such as economic growth signals and money supply increments, increase class upgrade probabilities. Interest rates, a lender'’s credit rationing and risk management tool, negatively affect such probabilities.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20227
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FARM-LEVEL EVIDENCE ON THE RISK BALANCING HYPOTHESIS FROM ILLINOIS GRAIN FARMS 31
Escalante, Cesar L.; Barry, Peter J..
This study provides farm-level empirical support to the Risk-Balancing Hypothesis using Illinois grain farm data. The econometric results indicate that risk-balancing farmers comprise more than half of the sample. These farmers tend to be older, have higher leasing ratios, are less financially efficient and manage risk through crop specialization, enterprise diversification, and marketing strategies in addition to risk balancing.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20617
Registros recuperados: 46
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