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| Registros recuperados: 26 | |
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| Mayer, Jochen; Oberson, Astrid; Lüscher, Andreas; Frossard, Emmanuel; Hammelehle, Andreas. |
| We investigated the effect of organic versus conventional cropping systems on the below ground nitrogen inputs of Trifolium pratense L., its transfer to corresponding grass and the fate in the soil organic matter in the clover-grass ley of the DOK long term experiment, Switzerland. BGN tended to be largest in conventional and organic treatments with standard fertilisation and decreased with lower fertilisation intensity. The largest amount of clover N transferred to grass was observed in the minerally fertilised conventional treatment. Clover N derived from rhizodeposition was rapidly stabilised in all treatments to clay rich fractions and thus clover N will have a relatively low direct N contribution to subsequent nonlegumes. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24030/1/24030_MM.pdf |
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| Pistocchi, Chiara; Mészáros, Éva; Tamburini, Federica; Frossard, Emmanuel; Bünemann, Else Katrin. |
| Understanding the mechanisms underlying phosphorus (P) availability is important to predict forest productivity in a changing environment. We quantified P fluxes and traced P from plant litter into inorganic and organic soil P pools in organic horizons from two contrasting temperate forest soils with low and high inorganic P availability, respectively. We incubated the two organic horizons with and without litter after labelling the soil solution with 33P and performed sequential extractions at several time points in order to trace P dynamics in labile (water-extractable, available and microbial P) and non-labile (non-living organic P, P bound to iron and aluminium and P bound to calcium) pools. Under low P availability, P fluxes were dominated by gross P... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34708/1/Pistocchi-etal-2018-SoilBiolBiochem-Vol126-p64-75.pdf |
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| Mathu Ndungu, Samuel; Messmer, Monika; Ziegler, Dominik; Gamper, Hannes; Mészáros, Éva; Thuita, Moses; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Frossard, Emmanuel; Thonar, Cécile. |
| Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is an important African food legume suitable for dry regions. It is the main legume in two contrasting agro-ecological regions of Kenya as an important component of crop rotations because of its relative tolerance to unpredictable drought events. This study was carried out in an effort to establish a collection of bacterial root nodule symbionts and determine their relationship to physicochemical soil parameters as well as any geographical distributional patterns. Bradyrhizobium spp. were found to be widespread in this study and several different types could be identified at each site. Unique but rare symbionts were recovered from the nodules of plants sampled in a drier in-land region, where there were also overall more... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Vegetables Crop health; Quality; Protection Africa. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/33099/1/Ndungu-etal-2018-AEE-Vol261-p161-171.pdf |
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| Keller, Martina; Oberson, Astrid; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen; Bünemann, Else K.. |
| The impact of cropping systems on soil phosphorus (P) forms and P dynamics was studied. The systems were a biodynamic (DYN), a bioorganic (BIO), a conventional (CON), a stockless system (MIN) and an unfertilized control (NON). These cropping systems are part of the DOK field trial in Therwil near Basel. The systems differed in fertilization and plant protection. The P budgets over 30 years were negative except for CON and increased in the order: NON < DYN < ORG < MIN < CON. A sequential P extraction scheme was used to characterize the P forms in soil samples from 2007 and 1977 (before the start of the trial). Labile inorganic P (Pi) forms differed significantly between cropping systems. Organic P forms (Po) and stable Pi forms were not... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil; Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14255/1/Keller_14255.pdf |
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| Grüter, Roman; Costerousse, Benjamin; Bertoni, Angelina; Mayer, Jochen; Thonar, Cécile; Frossard, Emmanuel; Schulin, Rainer; Tandy, Susan. |
| Zinc (Zn) deficiency in human populations depending on cereals as a main source of Zn is a global malnutrition problem. In this field study, we investigated the potential of green manure application to increase soil Zn availability and wheat grain Zn concentrations (biofortification) on a Luvisol with different long-term fertilizer management. We also studied cadmium (Cd), as wheat is a major contributor of this undesired non-essential element to human diets. Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), mustard (Sinapis alba L.) or no green manure was grown on field plots which had been managed with farmyard manure or mineral fertilizers for 65 years in Switzerland. After green manure incorporation into the soil, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown on all... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Composting and manuring Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32663/1/greuter-etal-2017-SciTotalEnv-vol599-600-p1330-1343.pdf |
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| Meyer, Gregor; Bünemann-König, Else; Frossard, Emmanuel; Maurhofer, Monika; Mäder, Paul; Oberson, Astrid. |
| Inoculation with phosphorus (P) solubilizing bacteria is being proposed to increase P availability for plants by mineralization and solubilization of non-available soil and fertilizer P. Solubilization of inorganic P compounds by bacterial strains has repeatedly been shown on agar plates and in liquid media. However, the effects of inoculation on P availability to plants growing in soils, either in pot or field studies, are inconsistent and do not allow to separate between direct effects on P availability and indirect effects such as improved plant health. This differentiation could be achieved using 33P isotopic labeling. We applied the 33P isotopic dilution method in a pot and in an incubation experiment to study gross P fluxes in a calcareous soil... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Soil. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30745/1/Meyer%20et%20al%202017.pdf |
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| Grüter, Roman; Costerousse, Benjamin; Mayer, Jochen; Mäder, Paul; Thonar, Cécile; Frossard, Emmanuel; Schulin, Rainer; Tandy, Susan. |
| Wheat is a staple food crop and a major source of both the essential micronutrient zinc (Zn) and the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd) for humans. Since Zn and Cd are chemically similar, increasing Zn concentrations in wheat grains (biofortification), while preventing Cd accumulation, is an agronomic challenge. We used two Swiss agricultural long-term field trials, the “Dynamic-Organic-Conventional System Comparison Trial” (DOK) and the “Zurich Organic Fertilization Experiment” (ZOFE), to investigate the impact of long-term organic, mineral and combined fertilizer inputs on total and phytoavailable concentrations of soil Zn and Cd and their accumulation in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). “Diffusive gradients in thin films” (DGT) and... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/36388/1/grueter-etal-2019-SciTotalEnv-Vol669-p608-620.pdf |
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| Mathu, Samuel; Thonar, Cécile; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Messmer, Monika; Frossard, Emmanuel. |
| Introduction In Kenya, cowpea is the most important pulse crop in the dry lands of Eastern and Coastal regions where it is commonly inter cropped with maize and sorghum. The poor yields obtained in small holder farms in Kenya (150 kg ha-1) can in part be attributed to the use of poor yielding varieties, low soil fertility (mainly N and P deficiency) low presence of effective indigenous rhizobia and high occurrence of highly competitive but inefficient indigenous rhizobia strains. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) through exploitation of the rhizobia-legume symbiosis and use of inoculants coupled with soil amendments such as Phosphorus offers in part a means to improve cowpea yield, nutrition and soil fertility. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality Breeding; Genetics and propagation Africa. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/22169/1/mathu-etal-2012-Poster-ISFM-nairobi-kenya.pdf |
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| Oberson, Astrid; Jarosch, Klaus A.; Bosshard, Christine; Dubois, David; Frossard, Emmanuel; Hammelehle, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen. |
| Organic and conventional cropping systems differ in the nature and amounts of nitrogen (N) inputs, which may affect efficiency and sustainability of N use. In the DOK (bio-Dynamic, bio-Organic, Konventionell) field experiment, organic and conventional cropping systems have been compared since 1978 at two fertilization levels. Nitrogen inputs via manure and/or mineral fertilizers, and N exports from plots with harvested products have throughout been recorded. For all treatments, N outputs with harvests have exceeded the inputs with fertilizers. Over the past years, symbiotic N2 fixation by soybean and clover grown in the trial has additionally been assessed, indicating average annual inputs of about 100 kg ha-1 yr-1 of N fixed from the atmosphere. Soil... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Soil quality; Soil tillage. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34559/1/oberson-etal-2018ESA2018_FinalAbstractBook_p44.pdf |
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| Langmeier, Monika; Frossard, Emmanuel; Kreuzer, Michael; Mäder, Paul; Dubois, David; Oberson, Astrid. |
| Nitrogen nutrition of plants in organic farming depends largely on animal manure. In a pot experiment the hypothesis was tested that on a long-term organically managed soil (ORG) characterized by higher soil microbial activity, a greater portion of N applied as cattle manure is mineralized and taken up by plants than on a conventionally managed soil that had received exclusively mineral fertilizers (MIN). Dry matter yields and N uptake by Italian ryegrass were higher by around 20% on ORG than MIN soil. The N utilization of 15N labeled animal manure components and mineralNdiffered little between ORG and MIN. The major part of the increasedNuptake on ORG compared with MIN was due to a significantly greater N supply from ORG soil. The increased capacity of... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Soil. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26768/1/Langmeier_et_al_2002_A.pdf |
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| Keller, Martina; Oberson, Astrid; Annaheim, Kathrin E.; Tamburini, Federica; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen; Frossard, Emmanuel; Bünemann, Else K.. |
| Lower P-input levels in organic than conventional farming can decrease soil total and available P, which can potentially be resupplied from soil organic P. We studied the effect of 30 y of conventional and organic farming on soil P forms, focussing especially on organic P. Soil samples (0–20 cm) were taken in a field experiment with a nonfertilized control, two organic systems receiving P inputs as animal manure, and two conventional systems receiving only mineral P or mineral P and manure. Soils were analyzed for total, inorganic, organic, and microbial P, by sequential P fractionation and by enzyme additions to alkaline soil extracts. Samples taken prior to starting the experiment were also analyzed. Average annual P balances ranged from –20 to +5 kg... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/21783/1/keller-etal-2012-JPlantNutrSoilSci-Vol175-p385-393.pdf |
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| Huguenin-Elie, Olivier; Nyfeler, Daniel; Suter, Matthias; Frossard, Emmanuel; Lüscher, Andreas. |
| High plant species richness has been shown to positively influence grassland biomass production. In mixtures containing two forage grass and two forage legume species we quantified the diversity-productivity effect and the nitrogen economy of the swards across a broad range of species proportions. Positive diversity-productivity effects resulted in higher yield (up to +35%) of the four-species grass-clover-mixtures than the highest yielding monoculture (transgressive overyielding). The diversity-productivity effect depended on the species proportion in the mixture and was maximal in well balanced mixtures with a clover proportion of 40 – 60%. Transgressive overyielding was significant over a fairly wide range of clover proportions. Well balanced... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14416/1/HugueninElie_14416.pdf |
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| Welc, Monika; Bünemann, Else K.; Fließbach, Andreas; Frossard, Emmanuel; Jansa, Jan. |
| Microbial communities are important components of terrestrial ecosystems. The importance of their diversity and functions for natural systems is well recognized. However, a better understanding of successional changes of microbial communities over long time scales is still required. In this work, the size and composition of microbial communities in soils of a deglaciation chronosequence at the Damma glacier forefield were studied by fatty acid profiling. Soil fatty acid concentrations clearly increased with soil age. The abundances of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), bacteria and other soil fungi, however, were more affected by abiotic soil parameters like carbon content and pH than by soil age. Analysis of ratios of the different microbial groups (AMF,... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/21946/1/welc-etal-2012-SoilBioloBiochemistry-49-p184-192.pdf |
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| Ragot, Sabine A.; Kertesz, Michael A.; Mészáros, Éva; Frossard, Emmanuel; Bünemann, Else K.. |
| Alkaline phosphatases such as PhoD and PhoX are important in organic phosphorus cycling in soil. We identified the key organisms harboring the phoD and phoX genes in soil and explored the relationships between environmental factors and the phoD- and phoX-harboring community structures across three land uses located in arid to temperate climates on two continents using 454-sequencing. phoD was investigated using recently published primers, and new primers were designed to study phoX in soil. phoD was found in 1 archaeal, 13 bacterial and 2 fungal phyla, and phoX in 1 archaeal and 16 bacterial phyla. Dominant phoD-harboring phyla were Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria, while... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Environmental aspects. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32317/1/ragot-etal-2017-FEMS-Vol93-Issue1-fiw212.pdf |
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| Bosshard, Christine; Sorensen, Peter; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mayer, Jochen; Mäder, Paul; Nanzer, Simone; Oberson, Astrid. |
| Nitrogen (N) utilisation by crops has to be improved to minimize losses to the environment. We investigated N use efficiency of animal manure and mineral fertiliser and fate of fertiliser N not taken up by crops in a bio-organic (BIOORG) and a conventional (CONMIN) cropping system of a long-term experiment over three vegetation periods (wheat-soybean-maize). Microplots received a single application of 15N-labelled slurries or mineral fertiliser. At the end of each vegetation period we tested whether higher microbial activity and biomass in BIOORG than CONMIN soils and lower long-term N input level in BIOORG affected use efficiency and fate of fertiliser N not taken up by crops. In total 41%, 15% and 50% of 15N applied as urine, faeces and mineral... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14392/1/Bosshard_14392.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 26 | |
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