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| Nogues, Quentin; Raoux, Aurore; Araignous, Emma; Chaalali, Aurelie; Hattab, Tarek; Leroy, Boris; Ben Rais Lasram, Frida; David, Valérie; Le Loch, Francois; Dauvin, Jean-claude; Niquil, Nathalie. |
| In an increasingly anthropogenic world, the scientific community and managers have to take interactions between the drivers of ecosystems into consideration. Tools like ecological network analysis (ENA) indices offer the opportunity to study those interactions at the ecosystem level. However, ENA indices have never been used to test the incidence of cumulative drivers. The present study uses models combining the effects of (i) the reef caused by the future offshore wind farm of Courseulles-sur-Mer and (ii) climate change on species distribution, to test the response of multiple ENA indices. ENA indices proved sensitive to this cumulative impact, displaying a wide variety of cumulative effects. They were also very powerful to characterize the role of the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Cumulative impact; Linear inverse modeling; Marine renewable energies; Ecological network analysis; ENA food web. |
| Ano: 2021 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00658/77012/78274.pdf |
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| Meynard, Christine N.; Kaplan, David; Leroy, Boris. |
| Liu et al. (2018) used a virtual species approach to test the effects of outliers on species distribution models. In their simulations, they applied a threshold value over the simulated suitabilities to generate the species distributions, suggesting that using a probabilistic simulation approach would have been more complex and yield the same results. Here, we argue that using a probabilistic approach is not necessarily more complex and may significantly change results. Although the threshold approach may be justified under limited circumstances, the probabilistic approach has multiple advantages. First, it is in line with ecological theory, which largely assumes non‐threshold responses. Second, it is more general, as it includes the threshold as a... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: ENM; Observation errors; Outliers; Prevalence; Probabilistic approach; Sample bias; Simulations; Species distribution models; Virtual ecology; Virtual species. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00501/61309/64868.pdf |
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| Leroy, Boris; Dias, Murilo S.; Giraud, Emilien; Hugueny, Bernard; Jézéquel, Céline; Leprieur, Fabien; Oberdorff, Thierry; Tedesco, Pablo A. |
| Aim To define the major biogeographical regions and transition zones for freshwater fish species. Taxon Strictly freshwater species of actinopterygian fish (i.e. excluding marine and amphidromous fish families). Methods We based our bioregionalization on a global database of freshwater fish species occurrences in drainage basins, which, after filtering, includes 11,295 species in 2,581 basins. On the basis of this dataset, we generated a bipartite (basin‐species) network upon which we applied a hierarchical clustering algorithm (the Map Equation) to detect regions. We tested the robustness of regions with a sensitivity analysis. We identified transition zones between major regions with the participation coefficient, indicating the degree to which a basin... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Actinopterygians; Biogeographical regions; Biogeography; Bioregionalization; Bioregions; Dispersal; Freshwater fish; Transition zones; Vicariance; Zoogeographical regions. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00514/62589/66985.pdf |
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| Godet, Claire; Robuchon, Marine; Leroy, Boris; Cotté, Cedric; Baudena, Alberto; Da Silva, Ophélie; Fabri-ruiz, Salomé; Lo Monaco, Claire; Sergi, Sara; Koubbi, Philippe. |
| Distinguishing regions based on the geographic distribution of both abiotic factors and living organisms is an old but still actual central issue for biogeographers. In the Southern Ocean, the few existing regionalization studies have been carried out either at very large scales or on the relatively small region around the Sub-Antarctic islands of Kerguelen and the Crozet archipelagos. However, regionalization studies at meso-scales (100–300 km) covering the Indian part of the Southern Ocean and adjacent South Indian Ocean are scarce. These waters, ranging from the Subtropical to the polar region, are home to large populations of well-studied top predators that depend on the biomass of less known mid-trophic level species such as zooplankton. To fill those... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Bioregionalization; Southern Ocean; Indian Ocean; Pelagic ecosystem; Zooplankton; Continuous plankton recorder. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75474/76309.pdf |
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| Araignous, Emma; Beaugrand, Gregory; Ben Rais Lasram, Frida; Bourdaud, Pierre; Champagnat, Juliette; Dauvin, Jean-claude; Grangeré, Karine; Halouani, Ghassen; Haraldsson, Matilda; Hattab, Tarek; Le Loch, Francois; Leroy, Boris; Lejart, Morgane; Niquil, Nathalie; Nogues, Quintin; Pagot, J.-p.; Raoux, Aurore; Safi, Georges; Villanueva, Ching-maria. |
| Les études d’impact environnemental menées en amont des projets éoliens offshores considèrent chaque compartiment de manière individuelle, et non pas l’écosystème dans son ensemble. La compréhension des liens trophiques et l’appréhension de l’écosystème de manière holistique est pourtant un enjeu important rapporté par les politiques publiques telles que la Directive Cadre Stratégie pour le Milieu Marin (Directive 2008/56/EC). Le projet collaboratif TROPHIK (ANR-10-IEED-0006-12) pose les bases d’une approche écosystémique des Energies Marines Renouvelables (EMR) destinée à permettre une démarche holistique et intégrée avant installation de parcs éoliens en mer. Cette approche s’appuie sur un cas d’étude français, le site du futur parc éolien au large de... |
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| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00511/62273/66478.pdf |
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| Meynard, Christine N.; Leroy, Boris; Kaplan, David. |
| Species distribution models (SDMs) have become one of the major predictive tools in ecology. However, multiple methodological choices are required during the modelling process, some of which may have a large impact on forecasting results. In this context, virtual species, i.e., the use of simulations involving a fictitious species for which we have perfect knowledge of its occurrence‐environment relationships and other relevant characteristics, have become increasingly popular to test SDMs. This approach provides for a simple virtual ecologist framework under which to test model properties, as well as the effects of the different methodological choices, and allows teasing out the effects of targeted factors with great certainty. This simplification is... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Artificial species; Environmental niche models; Niche; Simulations; Species distribution modelling; Virtual ecologist. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00501/61308/64864.pdf |
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