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Registros recuperados: 18
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BT COTTON REFUGE POLICY 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Carlson, Gerald A.; Fackler, Paul L..
Since cotton producers do not own legal rights to kill insect populations that are susceptible to insecticides, individual producers may have no incentive to account for future, insecticide-resistance productivity losses arising from their pest-management decisions. As a result, the collective actions of producers may increase the rate of resistance development relative to the rate that maximizes social welfare. Concerns regarding insect-pest development of resistance to Bt cotton prompted the Environmental Protection Agency to establish legal limits on the proportion of total acres individual producers may plant, representing the first attempt to regulate the development of insecticide resistance and the first instance of the use of refuge as a policy...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21850
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Do Refuge Requirements for Biotechnology Crops Promote Economic Efficiency? Some Evidence for Bt Cotton 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Storer, Nicholas P.; Van Duyn, John W.; Kennedy, George G..
We examine producer behavior, resistance evolution, and returns under alternative refuge requirements in an eastern North Carolina region with multiple corn, cotton, and soybean fields infested by a mobile pest. Returns are highest, pyrethroid sprays occur least frequently, and pyrethroid resistance evolution is delayed most effectively with no refuge requirement. Complying with the current 20% refuge requirement costs the producer $8.67 per cotton acre, or $34.21 per non-transgenic insecticidal (Bt) cotton acre. Returns are highest under each refuge requirement when one-toxin Bt cotton is not phased out; however, removal of the technology at the earliest phase-out date minimizes regional pyrethroid sprays.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bollworm; Bt cotton; Pyrethroids; Resistance; Structured refuge; Unstructured refuge; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q56; Q57; Q58; R34; R38.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6619
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Economic Determinants of Invasion and Discovery of Nonindigenous Insects 31
Hlasny, Vladimir; Livingston, Michael J..
Introductions of nonindigenous organisms into the United States have been linked to international trade. The individual contributions of imports, immigration, and international travel, however, are poorly understood because introduction dates are unavailable. We examine relationships between economic trends and discoveries of nonindegenous insects and use these relationships to infer the timing and determinants of introductions. We find that a few variables can explain much variation in species introductions and identifications. The most significant contributor to the introduction appears to be agricultural imports. Currently available proxies for academic effort are weak determinants of the probability that introduced species are identified.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Identifications; Insects; Introductions; Invasive species; Nonindegenous; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; F18; N7; Q56.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45044
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Effects of Manure Use and Use Restrictions on Variable Production Costs and Net Incomes for U.S. Corn Producers 31
Beckman, Jayson F.; Livingston, Michael J..
We utilize a treatment effects model to examine if there are differences in costs/profits for manure-using corn producers versus non-users. We find that manure users have lower peracre operating costs via reductions in fertilizer and soil conditioner costs; however, the use of manure reduces grain yields and ultimately leads to no difference in profit. Separate results indicate that manure-use restrictions do not affect costs or profits; thus policies could be in place to regulate manure usage without impacting the costs/profit structure of the farm.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Nutrient management; Treatment effects; Micro-data; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Q1.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120450
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Establishing a Baseline for Nitrogen Policy Assessment 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Ribaudo, Marc.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Nitrogen use efficiency; Nitrogen management; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60925
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Integrating Invasive Species Prevention and Control Policies 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Osteen, Craig D..
Programs and policies to minimize the threat of, or mitigate the damages from, invasive species work best if designed in concert with each other. Whether program emphasis should be on prevention or control depends on the biological characteristics and size of the invasive species population, ecological characteristics of invaded ecosystems, the cost and efficacy of prevention measures relative to control measures, and the level of prevention costs borne abroad. Because all of these factors are highly variable, data needs are constant if intervention is to be both effective and economical.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural economics; Invasive species; Management programs; Pests; Plant diseases; Foreign pests; Trade; Production; ERS; USDA; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58991
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Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems: Implications for Conservation Policy 31
Ribaudo, Marc; Delgado, Jorge; Hansen, LeRoy T.; Livingston, Michael J.; Mosheim, Roberto; Williamson, James M..
Nitrogen is an important agricultural input that is critical for crop production. However, the introduction of large amounts of nitrogen into the environment has a number of undesirable impacts on water, terrestrial, and atmospheric resources. This report explores the use of nitrogen in U.S. agriculture and assesses changes in nutrient management by farmers that may improve nitrogen use effi ciency. It also reviews a number of policy approaches for improving nitrogen management and identifi es issues affecting their potential performance. Findings reveal that about two-thirds of U.S. cropland is not meeting three criteria for good nitrogen management. Several policy approaches, including fi nancial incentives, nitrogen management as a condition of farm...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Reactive nitrogen; Nitrogen management; Fertilizer; Water quality; Greenhouse gas; Economic incentives; Conservation policy; Regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118022
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Optimal Corn and Soybean Rotations 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Roberts, Michael J.; Rust, John.
We examine crop choice as a dynamic optimization problem over an infinite time horizon, taking into account the effects over time that corn-soybean rotations have on soil quality, which manifest in yield and therefore profit impacts. We show how the efficient decision rule depends on model parameters and how it compares to those characteristic of static models of supply. The model is parameterized for a representative acre of Iowa cropland and used to predict actual crop choices in a panel of over 6500 Iowa plots during 1979–1997 surprisingly well.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6213
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Pest Problems Abroad May Affect Compliance With U.S. Safeguards 31
Livingston, Michael J..
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122963
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POTENTIAL MARKET IMPACTS OF SOYBEAN RUST 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Johansson, Robert C.; Daberkow, Stan G.; Roberts, Michael J.; Ash, Mark S.; Breneman, Vincent E..
Paper and PowerPoint Presentation
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32842
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Preliminary Assessment of Nitrous Oxide Offsets in a Cap and Trade Program 31
Ribaudo, Marc; Delgado, Jorge; Livingston, Michael J..
Nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas that is emitted from cropland treated with nitrogen fertilizer. Reducing such emissions through nutrient management might be able to produce offsets for sale in a cap and trade program aimed at reducing greenhouse gases. We use the Nitrate Leaching and Economic Analysis Program (NLEAP) model and data from the Agricultural and Resource Management Survey to examine what changes in rate, timing, or method of application a farmer would take to produce offsets. We find that reducing the application rate is the most favored approach for producing offsets. We also find that some management choices may increase nitrate losses to water.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Nitrous oxide; Nutrient management; Cap and trade; NLEAP; Greenhouse gas; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117776
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Regulating Agricultural Imports To Keep Out Foreign Pests and Disease 31
Livingston, Michael J.; Osteen, Craig D.; Roberts, Donna.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124027
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Simulating the U.S. Impacts of Alternative Asian Soybean Rust Treatment Regimes 31
Johansson, Robert C.; Livingston, Michael J.; Westra, John V.; Guidry, Kurt M..
Asian soybean rust (rust) is an emerging issue in U.S. crop production and was identified in nine states during 2004. Recent farm surveys indicate that many producers are adjusting their management practices to the possibility of a rust infestation. The economic and environmental impacts of such adjustments are not known in the medium run given these new developments. We combine 2005 data on the geographical distribution of the fungal pathogen that causes rust with 2005 information on the availability and material costs of fungicides to analyze three treatment strategies. Our results indicate a higher range of economic impacts than previous research has indicated, but are consistent with earlier findings indicating that rust infestations will likely...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Asian soybean rust; Invasive species; Phakopsora pachyrhizi; Preventative and curative fungicides; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10186
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The Cost of Increasing Adoption of Beneficial Nutrient-Management Practices 31
Lambert, Dayton M.; Livingston, Michael J.; Nehring, Richard F.; Sands, Ronald D.; Wechsler, Seth James.
We estimate the cost of offsets tied to reductions in the use of nitrogen on U.S. cornfields under the proposed American Clean Energy and Security Act.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Offsets; Nitrogen; Corn; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60946
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The Extent and Characteristics of Manure Use on U.S. Cropland under Rate Restrictions 31
Beckman, Jayson F.; Livingston, Michael J.; McBride, William D.; Ribaudo, Marc; MacDonald, James M..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49172
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The Mediterranean Fruit Fly: Efficient Dynamic and Static Phytosanitary Measures, Information Values, and Current Policy 31
Livingston, Michael J..
A bioeconomic model is used to examine efficient dynamic and static phytosanitary policies (cold treatment periods) designed to maximize the annual present value of net monthly U.S. welfare associated with trade in commodities that serve as hosts for the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly). Accounting for the presence of the current U.S. medfly detection and control program, efficient dynamic and static policies require less cold treatment and increase U.S. welfare 9% and 3%, respectively, relative to the current minimum 14-day treatment period. The potential value of adjusting treatment periods regularly using available information on medfly pressure abroad is shown to be nontrivial.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9684
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The Value of Plant Disease Early-Warning Systems: A Case Study of USDA's Soybean Rust Coordinated Framework 31
Roberts, Michael J.; Schimmelpfennig, David E.; Ashley, Elizabeth; Livingston, Michael J.; Ash, Mark S.; Vasavada, Utpal.
Early-warning systems for plant diseases are valuable when the systems provide timely forecasts that farmers can use to inform their pest management decisions. To evaluate the value of the systems, this study examines, as a case study, USDA’s coordinated framework for soybean rust surveillance, reporting, prediction, and management, which was developed before the 2005 growing season. The framework’s linchpin is a website that provides real-time, county-level information on the spread of the disease. The study assesses the value of the information tool to farmers and factors that influence that value. The information’s value depends most heavily on farmers’ perceptions of the forecast’s accuracy. The study finds that the framework’s information is valuable...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Soybean rust; Farmers’ perceptions; Forecast accuracy; Updating beliefs; Value of information; Real-time disease location; Plant disease management; Pest management; Risk management; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7208
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U.S. Soybean Producer Perceptions and Management of Soybean Rust in the United States under the USDA Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education 31
Livingston, Michael J..
Recent survey data are examined to improve current understanding of the factors that help to determine the value of information reported on a website that serves as the centerpiece of the USDA’s “Soybean Rust Integrated Pest Management—Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education.” Respondents’ initial beliefs about their chances of experiencing a rust outbreak are shown to affect the likelihood that soybean producers will visit the website and change their management of fungicide use as a result.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Asian soybean rust; Probability beliefs; PIPE website; ARMS data; USDA Rural Development Broadband Program; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95647
Registros recuperados: 18
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