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| Registros recuperados: 43 | |
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| Godtland, Erin; Sadoulet, Elisabeth; de Janvry, Alain; Murgai, Rinku. |
| In the Northern Andes, one of the riskiest agriculture climates in the world, farmers use sharecropping to obtain seed, their most costly input. With survey data from Peru, this paper calculates that the cost of seed, when it is provided though sharecropping, is two times higher than the market price. We test the hypothesis that risk-averse farmers are willing to pay more to receive seed through sharecropping because the contract provides implicit crop insurance. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20589 |
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| de Janvry, Alain; Finan, Frederico; Sadoulet, Elisabeth. |
| Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs for education are known to be effective in increasing educational achievements among the rural poor. Using panel data from the Progresa experience with randomized treatment, we show that there is strong state dependence in school attendance. Short term shocks that take children out of school will consequently have long term consequences on their educational achievements. We show that idiosyncratic and covariate shocks do indeed push parents to take children out of school and to use child labor as risk coping instruments. However, CCT help protect children from these shocks, creating an additional benefit from these programs as effective safety nets with long term benefits. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25075 |
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| Sadoulet, Elisabeth; de Janvry, Alain; Davis, Benjamin. |
| Cash transfer programs induce multiplier effects when recipients put the money they receive to work to generate additional income. The ultimate income effects are multiples of the amounts transferred. This paper analyzes the PROCAMPO program in Mexico, which was introduced to compensate farmers for the anticipated negative effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on the price of basic crops. The transfer rules and the timing of the panel data collected allow unique control of biases in this impact analysis. We find that the multiplier among ejido sector recipients is in the range of 1.5 to 2.6. Multipliers are higher for medium and large farm households, low numbers of adults in the household, nonindigenous backgrounds, and households... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16402 |
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| Winters, Paul C.; Murgai, Rinku; Sadoulet, Elisabeth; de Janvry, Alain. |
| The impact of global climate change on the less developed countries is analyzed using archetype CGE-multimarket models for three economies representing the poor cereal importing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The objective is to predict the differential impact of climate change across continents on macroeconomic variables, sectoral responses, and household income and food consumption effects, particularly among the poorest. Results show that all these countries will lose and that their agricultural outputs will fall, but that Africa will be by far the most severely affected. Countervailing policies to mitigate negative effects should focus on the production of food crops in Africa and of export crops in Latin America and Asia. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25079 |
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| Raymond, Melanie; Sadoulet, Elisabeth. |
| The present work assesses the effectiveness of educational grants at raising schooling attainment of poor children in rural areas. The per grade gains in reducing drop outs cumulate in an additional half a year in total schooling. Progressive impacts are found along three dimensions: degree of poverty, parents' education and distance to school. The children of uneducated fathers living far from school gain twice as much as their counterparts with an educated father or close to a school. The intervention successfully closes the schooling gap along the wealth dimension but falls short of achieving the same in the other dimensions of parents' education and school distance. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25034 |
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| Winters, Paul C.; de Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth. |
| A household's decision to send migrants is based on information the household has on the expected returns and the costs of migration. Information on migration flows from both family migrant networks and community migrant networks. Direct assistance - in the form of money, housing, transportation, and food - is often provided to migrants by these networks, thus reducing the costs of migration. Using data from a national survey of rural Mexican households, we show the importance of networks in both the decision to migrate and the level of migration. We find that community and family networks are substitutes in the production of information and assistance suggesting that, once migration is well established in a community, family networks become less... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Migration; Networks; Mexico; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12907 |
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| de Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth. |
| Insufficient access to assets is the main determinant of poverty. We analyze the role of access to assets in explaining household labor allocation strategies, sources of income, levels of income achieved, and poverty headcount ratios among classes of Mexican rural households. To assess the gains from asset redistribution, we both measure the direct income effects from redistribution and simulate the general equilibrium effects of redistribution in a computable non-separable household model. Results show that land redistribution allows to achieve both equity and efficiency gains. However, there are economies of scale in self-employment in microenterprise, human capital assets for labor market participation, and social capital for international migration,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25121 |
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| McIntosh, Craig; de Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth. |
| This paper uses data from Uganda's largest incumbent microfinance institution to analyze the impact of entry by competing lenders on client behavior. We first examine the geographic placement decisions of competitors, and find that placement decisions are strongly affected by district-level characteristics. We observe that increased competition induces a decline in repayment performance and in savings deposited with the incumbent Village Bank, suggesting multiple loan-taking by clients. Urban clients take multiple loans primarily from lenders with more individual methodologies, while rural clients borrow from several group lenders. Individuals who operate larger businesses are the ones most likely to leave the incumbent Village Bank when a Solidarity Group... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Competition; Credit markets; Financial Economics; O16; D14; L1. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25073 |
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| Macours, Karen; de Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth. |
| This paper analyzes the effects of insecure property rights over land on the functioning of the land rental market in the Dominican Republic. It shows that insecurity of property rights not only reduces sharply the level of activity on the land rental market, but also causes market segmentation. A principal-agent framework is used to model the landlord's utility maximization, where he takes into account the risk of losing the land when it is not traded within a narrow local circle of confidence. Using data collected with a methodology that enables to characterize the entire market, we show that insecure property rights lead to matching in the tenancy market along socio-economic lines and hence severely limit access to land for the rural poor. Simulations... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25092 |
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| Registros recuperados: 43 | |
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