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| Mäder, P.; Vierheilig, H.; Alt, M.; Wiemken, A.. |
| Various container systems have been described in which soil regions available to hyphae only are separated from the mycorrhizal root region by 30–60 μm mesh screens to study nutrient exchange between plants and fungi in the mycorrhizal symbiosis. The screens designed up to now prevent penetration by roots but allow easy passage of fungal hyphae as well as diffusion or mass flow of water and nutrient solutions. We tested hydrophobic microporous polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) membranes (GORE-TEXR) with 5 to 15 μm diameter pores in an attempt to obtain a better seal between compartments and to prevent uncontrolled nutrient transport by diffusion or mass flow. We found that these membranes completely prevented diffusion or mass flow of ions between two soil... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26785/1/Maeder_et_al_1993_PS.pdf |
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| Symanczik, S.; Lehmann, M. F.; Wiemken, A.; Boller, T.; Courty, P. E.. |
| Drought is a limiting factor for crop production, especially in arid and semi-arid climates. In this study, Sorghum bicolor plants were inoculated, or not, with Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) strain typical for temperate climates, or Rhizophagus arabicus, a strain endemic to hyper-arid ecosystems. Plants were grown under well-watered or drought conditions in compartmented microcosms. Transpiration rates, plant growth, and nutrient uptake (using 15N as a tracer) were determined to assess the impact of drought stress on sorghum plants in AM symbiosis. Although AM colonization did not affect the bulk biomass of host plants, R. arabicus improved their transpiration efficiency and drought tolerance more than R. irregularis. Moreover, R.... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34760/1/symanczik-etal-2018_mycorrhiza-Vol28_Issue8-p779-785.pdf |
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| Oehl, F.; Sieverding, E.; Mäder, Paul; Dubois, D.; Ineichen, K.; Boller, T.; Wiemken, A.. |
| Previous work has shown considerably enhanced soil fertility in agroecosystems managed by organic farming compared to conventional farming. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in nutrient acquisition and soil fertility. The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity of AMF in the context of a long-term study in which replicated field plots, at a single site in Central Europe (DOK-Trial. Therwil, Switzerland), had been cultivated for 22 years according to two "organic" and two "conventional" farming systems. In the 23rd year, the field plots, carrying an 18-month-old grass-clover stand, were examined in two ways with respect to AMF diversity. Firstly, AMF spores were isolated and morphologically identified from soil samples.... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/2811/1/no-document-rft.rtf |
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| Mäder, Paul; Viehweger, Anja; Koller, Martin; Wiemken, A.; Bruns, C.; George, E.. |
| The mycorrhizal symbiosis plays a major role in plant nutrient acquisition, pathogen control and soil stabilisation in land use systems with a low input of external resources. The use of inocula of mycorrhizal fungi for the development of sustainable agricultural production systems in Europe is still scarce. Since it was found that even in organically managed soils and particularly in substrates mycorrhizas can be limited, a set of recently introduced commercial inocula and 10 pre-selected strains of mycorrhizal fungi were multiplied and screened under farm conditions. Poinsettia, Pelargonium, leak and strawberry were used as test plants, which were inoculated in the seeding or potting substrates. There was a strong interaction between mycorrhizal fungi... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/3624/1/3624.pdf |
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| Vierheilig, H.; Alt-Hug, M.; Engel-Streitwolf, R.; Mäder, P.; Wiemken, A.. |
| The effects of tomato and bean rhizospheres on hyphal spreading of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae were studied using a soil compartment system in combination with hydrophobic polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) membranes. Both the nylon screen and the PTFE membrane were freely permeable to hyphae but not to roots. Furthermore, the hydrophobic PTFE membrane seemed to be a barrier to the flux of soil solutions containing root exudates. The results show that water soluble exudates of tomato and bean roots greatly stimulate hyphal growth in the soil compartment system used. Moreover, water soluble root exudates of bean exert a clear attractional effect on AM hyphal growth. |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26774/1/Vierheilig_et_al_1998_PS_1.pdf |
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| Mäder, P.; Vierheilig, H.; Streitwolf-Engel, R.; Boller, T.; Freyer, B.; Christie, P.; Wiemken, A.. |
| We studied the transport of "&N from a soil compartment separated from a plant root compartment by a hydrophobic polytetrafuoroethylene (PTFE) membrane to plants in the presence and absence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We have previously shown that this type of membrane efficiently inhibits mass fow and diffusion of mobile ions in the soil solution in an abiotic system, but can be penetrated by the hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) colonized by Glomus mosseae were grown at two N fertilizer concentrations in a root compartment. A PTFE membrane was placed between the root compartment and an adjoining soil compartment that was inaccessible to the roots but accessible to the AMF hyphae (hyphal... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26770/1/Maeder_et_al_2000_NP.pdf |
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