Climatic change will decouple the matching between genotypes and environments. Studying the patterning of genetic variation among pine populations along altitudinal gradients under simulated climatic change temperatures, would provide insights about how to realign the present populations to future environments. Fourteen Pinus patula populations from the forests of the Native Indian Community of Ixtlán de Juárez, state of Oaxaca, México, were collected in January-March 2005 and 2006 along an altitudinal gradient (2400 m to 3050 m, one population every 50 m of altitudinal difference). Seedlings were grown in growth chambers at the Laurentides Forestry Center, Quebec city, Canada, under two temperature treatments aiming to simulate: contemporary temperature... |