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A closer look at the main actors of Neotropical floodplain food webs: functional classification and niche overlap of dominant benthic invertebrates in a floodplain lake of Paraná River 76
Saigo,Miguel; Marchese,Mercedes; Wantzen,Karl Matthias.
ABSTRACT Functional classification of animals is necessary to enhance the predictive power of food web models. However, while there is a large database for functional classification of benthic invertebrates (Functional Feeding Groups, FFG) in the temperate zone, the attribution of individual species of riverine invertebrates is still in its infancies in the Neotropical Region. Different authors hypothesized that diet breadth was larger in the Tropics, however detailed analysis are scarce. In the present study we aimed at classifying dominant benthic taxa of the Middle Paraná River floodplain (Argentina) into trophic guilds by diet and niche overlap analyses. We sampled twelve taxa of benthic invertebrates from a floodplain lake during low water season and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: KEYWORDS; Diet; Floodplain; Null models; Feeding habits; Paraná River.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212016000100204
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A structural model of wealth, obesity and health in the UK 31
Mazzocchi, Mario; Traill, W. Bruce.
Based on a household health production framework, this paper exploits the combination of socioeconomic, health and nutrition information from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey to analyze the endogenous relationship among wealth, nutrition, weight and the final health outcomes. Results show that higher wealth determines lower weight and better health as expected, but through a better diet rather than extra exercise or lower calorie consumption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Structural Equation Modelling; Body Mass Index; Diet; Blood Pressure; Income; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43968
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A study of stomach contents of Cory's shearwater, Calonectris diomedea borealis (Cory, 1881) (Aves: Procellariidae), from the Macaronesian Islands 16
Hartog, J.C. den; Clarke, M.R..
Data are presented on the diet of Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea borealis (Cory, 1881) resulting from stomach investigations based on 18 birds from Hierro (Canary Islands), 5 from Selvagem Grande (Selvagens or Salvage Islands), 2 from São Miguel and 1 from São Jorge (Azores), collected between 1977 and 1981. These data confirm the general idea that this shearwater feeds principally on fish and squid. The glandular stomachs of 9 birds from Hierro contained significant quantities of food, varying in wet weight from ca. 4-40 gm; in four cases more or less complete squids were present, all Ommastrephes bartrami (Le Sueur, 1821). In addition, the gizzards of all 26 birds, except one, contained fragments of squid beaks belonging to 12 species. Several of...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Procellariidae; Calonectris diomedea borealis (Cory; 1881); Diet; Stomach contents; Cephalopoda; SE North Atlantic; Macaronesia; 42.83.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/318278
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A study on the short-term effect of cafeteria diet and pioglitazone on insulin resistance and serum levels of adiponectin and ghrelin 56
Colombo,G.; Bazzo,M.L.; Nogueira,C.L.; Colombo,M.D.H.P.; Schiavon,L.L.; d’Acampora,A.J..
The interaction between ghrelin and adiponectin is still controversial. We investigated the effect of cafeteria diet and pioglitazone on body weight, insulin resistance, and adiponectin/ghrelin levels in an experimental study on male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups of 6 rats each, and received balanced chow with saline (CHOW-O) or pioglitazone (CHOW-P), or a cafeteria diet with saline (CAFE-O) or pioglitazone (CAFE-P). The chow/cafeteria diets were administered for 35 days, and saline/pioglitazone (10 mg·kg body weight-1·day-1) was added in the last 14 days prior to euthanasia. CAFE-O animals had a higher mean final weight (372.5 ± 21.01 g) than CHOW-O (317.66 ± 25.11 g, P = 0.017) and CHOW-P (322.66 ± 28.42 g, P = 0.035) animals....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diet; Insulin resistance; Adiponectin; Ghrelin; Thiazolidinediones.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001000008
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A weight loss protocol and owners participation in the treatment of canine obesity 65
Carciofi,Aulus Cavalieri; Gonçalves,Karina Nogueira Venturelli; Vasconcellos,Ricardo Souza; Bazolli,Rodrigo Sousa; Brunetto,Márcio Antonio; Prada,Flávio.
The success of a weight loss program for pets depends on the owners collaboration. Their compliance is fundamental in establishing the correct food management. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a weight loss program in two groups of dogs, one maintained under experimental conditions and the other with their owners. The same hypocaloric food was used to feed all animals, the amount being restricted to 60% of the estimated maintenance energy requirement for a 15% reduction of the present body weight of the dog. The animals were followed during 90 days. A standard questionnaire was used to study the owners' perception of obesity and its treatment. The protocol and the diet were found to be effective. The control dogs had an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dogs; Obesity; Treatment; Diet.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782005000600016
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Activity, habitat utilization, feeding behaviour, and diet of the sand moray Gymnothorax ocellatus (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) in the south western Atlantic 49
Santos,Flávia Borges; Castro,Ricardo M. C..
Activity, habitat utilization, feeding behaviour, and diet of the sand moray Gymnothorax ocellatus (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) in the South western Atlantic. The sand moray Gymnothorax ocellatus is a nocturnal predator from the western South Atlantic that actively forages on the bottom, preying mostly on crustaceans (mainly shrimps and crabs) and ray-finned fishes, which are located primarily by the sense of smell. The individuals stay stationary during the day, almost always being hidden in individual tunnels dug by animals other than the morays in the muddy sand bottom.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Muraenidae; Gymnothorax ocellatus; Habitat use; Feeding behaviour; Diet.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032003000100003
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Aging and food source effects on mandibular stylets teeth wear of phytophagous stink bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) 82
Depieri,Rogério A; Siqueira,Fábio; Panizzi,Antônio R.
Studies were conducted to test the effect of age and food sources on wear of the mandibular teeth of the phytophagous pentatomid, Euschistus heros (F.). The total length (µm) of the area bearing the mandibular teeth, the length of the 1st tooth, and the height of the 2nd tooth for teneral (< 1 day-old) adults were significantly greater than that of adults fed on natural [green bean, Phaseolus vulgaris pods, raw shelled peanuts, Arachis hypogaea, and mature soybean, Glycine max seeds] for 30 or 60 days. Adults fed on artificial dry diet showed, in general, similar results to those of teneral adults. Force (Newtons) required penetrating the natural foods was significantly greater than that required penetrating the artificial diet. The greater hardness of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Euschistus heros; Mouthpart; Morphology; Penetration resistance; Diet.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2010000600017
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Alimentação das espécies de Siphlophis Fitzinger (Serpentes, Colubridae, Xenodontinae, Pseudoboini) 104
Prudente,Ana Lúcia da Costa; Moura-Leite,Júlio César de; Morato,Sérgio Augusto Abrahão.
Survey of 30 stoniach and/or gut contents of the five species of Siphlophis Fitzinger, 1843 revealed predominance of mostly diurnal species of lizards. Remains of nocturnal prey and snakes were also found. For the first time, one frog and one bat are recorded as preys of one species (S. cervimis Laurenti, 1768). Predation on mollusks and birds is not confirmed herein.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Serpentes; Colubridae; Xenodontinae; Pseudoboini; Siphlophis; Diet.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751998000200010
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Alimentação de Bairdiella ronchus (Cuvier) (Perciformes, Sciaenidae) na Baía de Guaratuba, Paraná, Brasil 104
Vendel,Ana Lúcia; Chaves,Paulo de Tarso da Cunha.
Seasonal variation of food items of Bairdiella ronchus (Cuvier, 1830) classified by size was analysed based on monthly samples between september/1993 and september/1996 at the Guaratuba Bay, Southern Brazil. The stomach contents of a hundred eighty-two fishes were analysed by the Occunence Frequency Method and Point Count for a Lot Method. The individuais were divided in two groups, smaller and longer than 140mm, and a comparative study of digestive tract and branchial are was performed for these groups. For fishes smaller than 140mm the following sequence of items was obtained matching both methods by using the Preponderance índices: decapods (subdivided in Brachyura, Caridea and Penaeidea), polychaets, isopods, fishes, unidentified material, copepods,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diet; Bairdiella ronchus; Sciaenidae; Guaratuba Bay.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751998000200003
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Alimentação de Oligosarcus longirostris Menezes &amp; Gèry (Osteichthyes, acestrorhynchinae) do Reservatório de Salto Segredo, Paraná, Brasil 104
Gealh,Ana Maria; Hahn,Norma Segatti.
In the feeding study of O. longirostris Menezes &amp; Gèry, 1983, 211 stomachs from fish caught between March 1993 and February 1994 were analysed. Diet composition was analysed by the index of relative importance which deals with the numerical and gravimetric occurrence frequency. Results indicated that the species is piscivorous and its preferential food consisted oíAslyanax sp. 2. It was also found that Astyanax sp. 3 became an important food item, depending on the site of capture and its availability. Availability of prey seems to have a strong influence on the diet of O. longirostris. This same tendency has been observed during the different seasons of the year. Ontogenetic changes have also been found in the basic diet.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Oligosarcus longirostris; Diet; Piscivorous; Salto Segredo Reservoir.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751998000400017
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Alimentação de quatro espécies de Leporinus (Characiformes, Anostomidae) durante a formação de um reservatório no sudeste do Brasil 76
Durães,Renata; Pompeu,Paulo dos Santos; Godinho,Alexandre Lima.
The study reports the changes ocurred in feeding ecology of fish species during a tropical river reservoir formation. It was analysed the stomachal contents of 399 individuals belonging to four species of genus Leporinus (L. elongatus Valenciennes, 1849, n=157; L.friderici (Bloch, 1794), n=87; L. octofasciatus Steindachner, 1917, n=107; L.amblyrhynchus Garavello &amp; Britski, 1987, n=48) during formation of Nova Ponte reservoir, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 1993 and 1994. Specimens were separated by sampling period, according with the rate of filling of the reservoir, and standard lenght classes. The species had included in diet vegetal and animal items of autochtone and alochtone origin in several proportions. L. amblyrhynchus fed on basically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Leporinus; Diet; Trophic overlap; Reservoir; Southeast Brazil.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212001000100019
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Alimentação de um filhote de bem-te-vi, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus) (Passeriformes, Tyrannidae), em ambiente urbano 104
Argel-de-Oliveira,Maria Martha; Curi,Nancy A; Passerini,Tatiana.
The observation of parents feeding a captive fledgling of Great Kiskadee revealed that visitation is more frequent in the first hour after sunrising, with lesscr peaks along the day. The diet supplied consisted mainly of insects (Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera), along with other items as human-made materiais (food scraps, pellets of animal food), lizards (Hemidactylus mabouia), non-identified fruit pulp, gastropods and arachnids (Opiliones). The ability that P. sulphuratus has for identifying food items absent froni more natural habitats and for exploiting resources of unpredictablc spatial and temporal distributions confers the species a dietary flexibility that probably contributes to its efficiency in colonizing urban habitats.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Passeriformes; Tyrannidae; Pitangas sulphuratus; Diet; Urban environment.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751998000400027
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Alimentação em machos e fêmeas do pirá-brasília, Simpsonichthys boitonei Carvalho (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae) 104
Shibatta,Oscar Akio; Rocha,Antônio José Andrade.
Simpsonichthys boitonei Carvalho, 1959 has an evident sexual dimorphism, easily observed in the color pattern and body proportions. In order to know the differences in the diet between males and females, the stomach contents of 28 individuals was examined. The Sorensen's index of similarity showed 90.9% of food items in common between sex. The main food in this species is Cladocera as evidenced in terms of average number, abundance and frequency of occurrence. The presence of vegetable is evidence of a high flexibility of this species in relation to the feeding behavior. Maybe the differences in the social behavior between sex are important in the total amount of ingested food.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Simpsonichthys boitonei; Diet; Anual fish; Distrito Federal; Brasil.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752001000200007
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America's Eating Habits: Changes and Consequences 31
Individual chapters in this book provide different perspectives on the nutrition problems in the United States: what are the economic costs associated with unhealthy eating patterns; how do dietary patterns compare with dietary recommendations; how do national income and prices, advertising, health claims, and trends in eating away from home affect nutrient intake; how much do people know about nutrition and how does nutrition knowledge and attitudes affect intake of fats and cholesterol; how do different government programs and regulations influence food expenditures and consumption; what are some public and private efforts to improve healthy eating; and what are potential impacts of healthier eating on domestic agriculture.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Diet; Nutrition; Health; Eating patterns; Nutrition education; Nutrition knowledge; Dietary guidelines; Food guide pyramid; Food supply; Food consumption; Food assistance programs; School lunch; Food away from home; Advertising; Health claims; Nutrition labeling; Agriculture; Economic costs; Healthy Eating Index; Healthy People 2000; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33604
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Aplicação e pontos críticos no uso de enzimas para monogástricos. 14
KRABBE, E. L..
Tipo: Artigo na mídia Palavras-chave: Nutrição animal; Enzima; Dieta; Animal nutrition; Enzymes; Diet.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/972199
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Are levels of digestive enzyme activity related to the natural diet in passerine birds? 48
Ramírez-Otárola,Natalia; Sabat,Pablo.
Digestive capabilities, such as the rates nutrient hydrolysis and absorption, may affect energy intake and ultimately feeding behavior. In birds, a high diversity in gut biochemical capabilities seems to support the existence of a correlation between the morphology and physiology of the intestinal tract and chemical features of the natural diet. However, studies correlating the activity of digestive enzymes and the feeding habits at an evolutionary scale are scarce. We investigated the effect of dietary habits on the digestive physiological characteristics of eight species of passerine birds from Central Chile. The Order Passeriformes is a speciose group with a broad dietary spectrum that includes omnivorous, granivorous and insectivorous species. We...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Birds; Diet; Intestinal enzymes; Passeriformes; Food habits; Adaptation.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602011000100011
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Aspectos da alimentação de Genidens genidens (Valenciennes) (Siluriformes, Ariidae) na Baía de Guaratuba, Paraná 104
Chaves,Paulo de Tarso da Cunha; Vendei,Ana Lúcia.
Seasonal variation of the food items of the "bagre-urutu", Genidens genidens is analysed based on monthly samples between September, 1993 and April, 1995 at the Guaratuba Bay, coast of Paraná. The stomach contents of 105 fish is analysed by the Occurrence Frequency Method and 41 of these have also been analysed by the Volumetric Method. Matching both methods using the Preponderance índices, a larger incidence of decapods is determined, followed by other crustaceans, molluscs, polychaets, fish, and plant material. The data show the existence of a strong seasonal variation in the diet.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Guaratuba Bay; Estuary; Ariidae; Seasonal Variation; Diet.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751996000300016
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Association between diet and polymorphisms in individuals with statin-controlled dyslipidaemia grouped according to oxidative stress biomarkers 60
Botelho,Patrícia Borges; Fioratti,Cyntia Okoshi; Rogero,Marcelo Macedo; Barroso,Lucia Pereira; Bertolami,Marcelo Chiara; Castro,Inar Alves.
The objective of this study was to investigate whether differences in diet and in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes, are associated with oxidative stress biomarkers and consequently with susceptibility of low-density cholesterol (LDL) to oxidation. A multivariate approach was applied to a group of 55 patients according to three biomarkers: plasma antioxidant activity, malondialdehyde and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) concentrations. Individuals classified in Cluster III showed the worst prognoses in terms of antioxidant activity and oxidative status. Individuals classified in Cluster I presented...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diet; Oxidative stress/biomarkers; Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs); Lipoproteins/oxidation; Statins; Apolipoprotein E.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502012000100005
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Association of CYP7A1 -278A>C polymorphism and the response of plasma triglyceride after dietary intervention in dyslipidemic patients 56
Barcelos,A.L.V.; Chies,R.; Almeida,S.E.M.; Fiegenbaum,M.; Schweigert,I.D.; Chula,F.G.L.; Rossetti,M.L.; Silva,C.M.D..
We investigated the effect of the -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene on the response of plasma lipids to a reduced-fat diet for 6 to 8 weeks in a group of 82 dyslipidemic males with a mean age of 46.0 ± 11.7 years. Individuals who presented at least one high alteration in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglyceride values were considered to be dyslipidemic. Exclusion criteria were secondary dyslipidemia due to diabetes mellitus, renal, liver, or thyroid disease. None of the subjects were using lipid-lowering medication. Baseline and follow-up lipid concentrations were measured. The genotypes were determined by the digestion of PCR products with the BsaI restriction endonuclease. There were statistically significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dyslipidemia; Polymorphisms; Diet; CYP7A1; Southern Brazil.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000600003
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Associations between tissue fatty acid composition and physiological traits of performance and metabolism in the seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) 5
Chatelier, Aurelien; Mckenzie, David; Prinet, Aurelie; Galois, Robert; Robin, Jean; Zambonino, Jose-luis; Claireaux, Guy.
Seabass were fed for 4 months with diets where the lipid was provided as either canola oil (CO), palm oil ( PO) or fish oil (FO), to generate diversity in their tissue fatty acid (FA) composition and investigate how this influenced major traits of exercise performance, cardiac performance and respiratory metabolism. In particular, based upon previous observations, we investigated the hypothesis that enriching the fish tissues with oleic and linoleic acids (OA, 18:1n-9 and LA, 18:2n-6, respectively) from the CO and PO diets would improve maximum exercise and cardiac performance, and increase aerobic metabolic scope. This proved to be the case; exercise respirometry on bass fitted with cardiac flow probes revealed that those fed CO and PO diets had a...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Diet; Fatty acid; Cardiovascular performance; Metabolism; Swimming; Dicentrarchus labrax; Seabass.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1860.pdf
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