SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Brümmer, Bernhard; Loy, Jens-Peter; Requate, Till.

Since 2000 Germany has a fairly unique market mechanism to trade milk quotas between dairy farms. The two major features are: (1) a quasi auctioning system that produces excess demands which are covered by state reserves free of charge and (2) a price band is used to exclude high price bids. For both features an experimental design is developed to study their impact in comparison to a regular seller’s sealed bid double auction. Results show that both treatments lead to significant misallocations. These are due the direct impact of regulations and due to an imperfect adjustment of bidding functions towards them. The major goal of the market design to reduce quota prices is reached, however, at significant trade losses.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Double Auction; Experiment; Milk Quota; Germany; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; L11; D44; Q13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61304

Buying Time: Real and Hypothetical Offers

Smith, V. Kerry; Mansfield, Carol.

This paper provides the results of a field test of contingent valuation estimates within a willingness to accept framework. Using dichotomous choice questions in telephone mail-telephone interviews, we compare responses to real and hypothetical offers to survey respondents for the opportunity to spend time in a second set of interviews on an undisclosed topic. Five hundred and forty people were randomly split between the real and hypothetical treatments. Our findings indicate no significant differences between people's choices with real and hypothetical offers. Choice models indicate the size of the offer and income were significant determinants of respondents' decisions, and these models were not significantly different between real and hypothetical offers.

Constrained School Choice: An Experimental Study

Palavras-chave: Contingent value; Real and hypothetical offer; Willingness to accept; Experiment; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C93; D12; Q2.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10719

Calsamiglia, Caterina; Haeringer, Guillaume; Klijn, Flip.

The literature on school choice assumes that families can submit a preference list over all the schools they want to be assigned to. However, in many real-life instances families are only allowed to submit a list containing a limited number of schools. Subjects' incentives are drastically affected, as more individuals manipulate their preferentes. Including a safety school in the constrained list explains most manipulations. Competitiveness across schools plays an important role. Constraining choices increases segregation and affects the stability and efficiency of the final allocation. Remarkably, the constraint reduces significantly the proportion of subjects playing a dominated strategy.

Consumer Preferences for Olive Oil in Tirana, Albania

Palavras-chave: School Choice; Matching; Experiment; Gale-Shapley; Top Trading Cycles; Boston Mechanism; Efficiency; Stability; Truncation; Truthtelling; Safety School; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C72; C78; D78; I20.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50480

Chan-Halbrendt, Catherine; Zhllima, Edvin; Sisior, Gwendalyn; Imami, Drini; Leonetti, Luciano.

Increase in urban middle income consumers along with consolidation of the retail sector has created changes in olive oil consumption preferences in Albania. The objective of this study is to inform stakeholders in the olive oil industry about consumer preferences. A Conjoint Choice Experiment (CCE) was used to design the survey and latent class approach used to analyze the data. The results show a strong preference for domestic olive oil and small niche markets that cater to specific consumers. The study also shows a gap between preference and reality that needs to be addressed by the stakeholders in the olive oil industry.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Olive oil; Albania; Latent Class; Consumer preference; Conjoint choice; Experiment; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93559

Do Static Externalities Offset Dynamic Externalities? An Experimental Study of the Exploitation of Substitutable Common-Pool Resources

Giordana, Gaston A.; Montginoul, Marielle; Willinger, Marc.

Overexploitation of coastal aquifers may lead to seawater intrusion, which irreversibly degrades groundwater. The seawater intrusion process may imply that its consequences would not be perceptible until after decades of accumulated overexploitation. In such a dynamic setting, static externalities may enhance the users’ awareness about the resource’s common nature, inducing more conservative individual behaviors. Aiming to evaluate this hypothesis, we experimentally test predictions from a dynamic game of substitutable common-pool resource (CPR) exploitation. The players have to decide whether to use a free private good or to extract from one of two costly CPRs. Our findings do not give substantial support to the initial conjecture. Nevertheless, the...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Substitutable goods; Dynamic externalities; Survival data; Proportional hazard; Experiment; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90842

Effects of Natural Shocks on Risk Behavior. Experimental Evidence from Cameroon

Balgah, Roland Azibo; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.

Increasing occurrence of devastating natural shocks has stimulated research interest in the economics of natural disasters. Much of this scholarly work concentrates on effects of shocks on poverty, risk and vulnerability, and very little on understanding the effects of natural shocks on risk behavior. Referring to a 25 year-old disaster, we use unique survey data and experiment results from two disaster affected communities in rural Cameroon to test two hypotheses: (1) Natural shocks affect long term risk behavior; and (2) self-relocation into risk-prone areas is an explicit demonstration of risk taking. The results reveal differentiated risk behavior in self-relocated and state-resettled households, with the former taking higher risks compared to...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Shocks; Risk behavior; Experiment; Cameroon; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114215

Estimation of optimum experimental plot size for taro culture

Ciência Rural

Silva,Willerson Custódio da; Puiatti,Mário; Cecon,Paulo Roberto; Macedo,Leandro Roberto de; Sediyama,Tocio.

ABSTRACT: Taro is a tropical tuberous vegetable that produces cormels of high nutritional and energetic value. In recent years, its cultivation has expanded, creating the need for more research. However, the experimental plot size interferes directly with the precision of the experiment.Literature describes several methods for establishing the optimum experimental plot size. The objective of the current research was to estimate the optimal experimental plot size for taro culture, utilizing the Modified Maximum Curvature Method. The field experiment was conducted in the vegetable garden of the Departamentode Fitotecnia of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, from September 2011 to June 2012, with Japanese taro. Twenty-two rows with 20 plants each were planted,...

Evaluation of antibiotics as a methodological procedure to inhibit free-living and biofilm bacteria in marine zooplankton culture

Palavras-chave: Colocasia esculenta; Yam; Experiment.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000500201

Anais da ABC (AABC)

Agostini,Vanessa O.; Macedo,Alexandre J.; Muxagata,Erik.

There is a problem with keeping culture medium completely or partially free from bacteria. The use of prokaryotic metabolic inhibitors, such as antibiotics, is suggested as an alternative solution, although such substances should not harm non-target organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments in inhibiting free-living and biofilm bacteria and their half-life in artificial marine environment using the copepod Acartia tonsa as bioindicador of non-harmful antibiotic combinations. Regarding to results, the application of 0.025 g L-1 penicillin G potassium + 0.08 g L-1 streptomycin sulphate + 0.04 g L-1 neomycin sulphate showed great potential for use in marine cultures and scientific experiments without...

Experimental assessment of the effects of a Neotropical nocturnal piscivore on juvenile native and invasive fishes

Palavras-chave: Acartia tonsa; Antimicrobials; Experiment; Marine culture; Toxicity.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000200733

Neotropical Ichthyology

Santos,Alejandra F. G. N.; Alcaraz,Carles; Santos,Luciano N.; Hayashi,Carmino; García-Berthou,Emili.

We experimentally examined the predator-prey relationships between juvenile spotted sorubim Pseudoplastystoma corruscans and young-of-the-year invasive and native fish species of the Paraná River basin, Brazil. Three invasive (peacock bass Cichla piquiti, Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus) and two native (yellowtail tetra Astyanax altiparanae and streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus) fish species were offered as prey to P. corruscans in 300 L aquaria with three habitat complexity treatments (0%, 50% and 100% structure-covered). Prey survival was variable through time and among species (C. piquiti < O. niloticus < A. altiparanae < P. lineatus < I. punctatus), depending largely on species-specific prey...

Experimental study of the turbulence intensity effects on marine current turbines behaviour. Part I: One single turbine

Palavras-chave: Behavior; Experiment; Habitat Complexity; Predator-Prey Interactions; Pseudoplatystoma corruscans.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252012000100016

ArchiMer

Mycek, Paul; Gaurier, Benoit; Germain, Gregory; Pinon, Gregory; Rivoalen, Elie.

The ambient turbulence intensity in the upstream flow plays a decisive role in the behaviour of horizontal axis marine current turbines. Experimental trials, run in the IFREMER flume tank in Boulogne-Sur-Mer (France) for two different turbulence intensity rates, namely 3% and 15%, are presented. They show, for the studied turbine configuration, that while the wake of the turbine is deeply influenced by the ambient turbulence conditions, its mean performances turn out to be slightly modified. The presented conclusions are crucial in the view of implanting second generation turbines arrays. In addition, complete and detailed data sets (wake profiles and performance graphs) are made available to the scientific community in order to encourage further...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Marine current turbine; Performance; Wake; Turbulence; Experiment; Flume tank.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00175/28647/27171.pdf

Finite element model for the assessment of the mesh resistance to opening of fishing nets

ArchiMer

Morvan, Barthelemy; Priour, Daniel; Guede, Zakoua; Bles, G..

The evaluation of the mesh resistance to opening of fishing nets is an important issue in assessing the selectivity of trawls by numerical methods. Sala et al. (2007) proposed a method using a relatively expensive experimental device ensuring the 2D deformation of net sample. De la Prada and Gonzales (2015) proposed a simple uni-axial experimental set-up, which stretches a sample in the transverse direction of the meshes while leaving free its deformation in the normal direction. Both authors (Sala and De la Prada) assumed that the deformation is uniform in the sample. The present study aims at developing a finite element model taking into account the mesh resistance to opening of nets, allowing the simulation of non-uniform deformation. Mechanical...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Netting; Mesh resistance to opening; Bending stiffness; Experiment; Numerical model.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45813/49043.pdf

HIGH PRESSURE VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA OF PALM FATTY ACIDS DISTILLATES-CARBON DIOXIDE SYSTEM

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

MACHADO,Nélio T.; BRUNNER,Gerd.

Vapor-Liquid equilibria of palm fatty acids distillates/carbon dioxide system has been investigated experimentally at temperatures of 333, 353, and 373 K and pressures of 20, 23, 26, and 29 MPa using the static method. Experimental data for the quasi-binary system palm fatty acids distillates/carbon dioxide has been correlated with Redlich-Kwong-Aspen equation of state. Modeling shows good agreement with experimental data. Selectivity obtained indicates that supercritical carbon dioxide is a reasonable solvent for separating saturated (palmitic acid) and unsaturated (oleic+linoleic acids) fatty acids from palm fatty acids distillates in a continuous multistage countercurrent column.

In Search of Stars: Network Formation among Heterogeneous Agents

Palavras-chave: High pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium; Experiment; Carbon dioxide; Fatty acids; Equation of state; Separation.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20611997000400003

Ule, Aljaz; Goeree, Jacob K.; Riedl, Arno.

This paper reports results from a laboratory experiment on network formation among heterogeneous agents. The experimental design extends the Bala-Goyal (2000) model of network formation with decay and two-way flow of benefits by allowing for agents with lower linking costs or higher benefits to others. Furthermore, agents' types may be common knowledge or private information. In all treatments, the (efficient) equilibrium network has a "star" structure. With homogeneous agents, equilibrium predictions fail completely. In contrast, with heterogeneous agents stars frequently occur, often with the high-value or low-cost agent in the center. Stars are not born but rather develop: with a high-value agent, the network's centrality, stability, and efficiency all...

Maximizing wheat crop yield using a mobile thresher at small holdings

Palavras-chave: Network Formation; Experiment; Heterogeneity; Private Information; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C72; C92; D82; D85.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9099

CIGR Journal

F. A., Shreen; Badr, S.E.; Morad, M.M..

This study was carried out at a private farm in Owlad Sakr District, Sharkia governorate Egypt during 2015 summer season. It aimed to maximize wheat crop yield by modifying a stationary thresher. The modification involved tractor mounting the thresher to move among the field and the thresher was attached with a feeding device and a straw container. The experiment was established and designed statistically as a factorial experiment in complete randomized blocks with three replications. The tested treatments were wheat plant feeding rate levels of 500, 700,900 and 1100 kg/h and wheat plant moisture content levels of 16%, 18% and 20% (w.b.). The obtained results showed that the modified thresher decreased the total grain losses with 45.24%, increased the...

Mécanismes sous-jacents du contrôle bottom-up des populations de sardines dans le Golfe du Lion : enseignements tirés des expériences et de la modélisation

Palavras-chave: Develop; Experiment; Threshing efficiency; Mobile thresher.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3505

ArchiMer

Queiros, Quentin.

The Gulf of Lions has faced a sharp drop in the catches of its two main small pelagic exploited species, the sardine Sardina pilchardus and the anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus since the mid-2000s, despite both population abundances remaining high. This situation has been due to a severe decrease in individual body condition and size as a result of both lower growth and the disappearance of the oldest and largest individuals. While overfishing, predation or disease outbreaks have been refuted to explain this situation, one major hypothesis remained to be investigated. A potential shift in sardine and anchovy diet towards smaller planktonic prey indeed suggested bottom-up control as the main driver of these populations in the Gulf of Lions. The first aim of...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Poissons petits pélagiques; Expérience; Processus bottom-up; Modélisation; Traits d'histoire de vie; Small pelagic fish; Experiment; Bottom-Up processes; Modeling; Life history traits.

Ano: 2019

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80420/83556.pdf

Myopic or Farsighted? An Experiment on Network Formation

Mantovani, Marco; Kirchsteiger, Georg; Mauleon, Ana; Vannetelbosch, Vincent.

Pairwise stability (Jackson and Wolinsky, 1996) is the standard stability concept in network formation. It assumes myopic behavior of the agents in the sense that they do not forecast how others might react to their actions. Assuming that agents are farsighted, related stability concepts have been proposed. We design a simple network formation experiment to test these theories. Our results provide support for farsighted stability and strongly reject the idea of myopic behavior.

Patch Size and Population Density: the Effect of Immigration Behavior

Palavras-chave: Network Formation; Experiment; Myopic and Farsighted Stability; Environmental Economics and Policy; D85; C91; C92.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108256

Ecology and Society

Bowman, Jeff; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources; jeff.bowman@mnr.gov.on.ca; Cappuccino, Naomi; Carleton University; ncappucc@ccs.carleton.ca; Fahrig, Lenore; Carleton University; lfahrig@ccs.carleton.ca.

Many habitat fragmentation experiments make the prediction that animal population density will be positively related to fragment, or patch, size. The mechanism that is supposed to result in this prediction is unclear, but several recent reviews have demonstrated that population density often is negatively related to patch size. Immigration behavior is likely to have an important effect on population density for species that do not show strong edge effects, for species that have low emigration rates, and during short-term habitat fragmentation experiments. We consider the effect that different kinds of immigration behaviors will have on population density and we demonstrate that only a minority of possible scenarios produce positive density vs. patch size...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Colonization; Connectivity; Dispersal; Edge; Emigration; Experiment; Fragmentation; Immigration; Individuals-area relationships; Insular; Island biogeography; Landscape.

Ano: 2002

Polarized Preferences In Homegrown Value Auctions