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A simple RT-PCR-based strategy for screening connexin identity 56
Urban,M.; Rozental,R.; Spray,D.C.
Vertebrate gap junctions are aggregates of transmembrane channels which are composed of connexin (Cx) proteins encoded by at least fourteen distinct genes in mammals. Since the same Cx type can be expressed in different tissues and more than one Cx type can be expressed by the same cell, the thorough identification of which connexin is in which cell type and how connexin expression changes after experimental manipulation has become quite laborious. Here we describe an efficient, rapid and simple method by which connexin type(s) can be identified in mammalian tissue and cultured cells using endonuclease cleavage of RT-PCR products generated from "multi primers" (sense primer, degenerate oligonucleotide corresponding to a region of the first extracellular...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gap junctions; Intercellular communication; CDNA sequences; Universal primers; Multi primers.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000800014
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Biophysical characteristics of gap junctions in vascular wall cells: implications for vascular biology and disease 56
Brink,P.R.; Ricotta,J.; Christ,G.J..
The role gap junction channels play in the normal and abnormal functioning of the vascular wall is the subject of much research. The biophysical properties of gap junctions are an essential component in understanding how gap junctions function to allow coordinated relaxation and contraction of vascular smooth muscle. This study reviews the properties thus far elucidated and relates those properties to tissue function. We ask how biophysical and structural properties such as gating, permselectivity, subconductive states and channel type (heteromeric vs homotypic vs heterotypic) might affect vascular smooth muscle tone.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Vascular smooth muscle; Gap junctions.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400007
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Cell migration in the postnatal subventricular zone 56
Menezes,J.R.L.; Marins,M.; Alves,J.A.J.; Fróes,M.M.; Hedin-Pereira,C..
New neurons are constantly added to the olfactory bulb of rodents from birth to adulthood. This accretion is not only dependent on sustained neurogenesis, but also on the migration of neuroblasts and immature neurons from the cortical and striatal subventricular zone (SVZ) to the olfactory bulb. Migration along this long tangential pathway, known as the rostral migratory stream (RMS), is in many ways opposite to the classical radial migration of immature neurons: it is faster, spans a longer distance, does not require radial glial guidance, and is not limited to postmitotic neurons. In recent years many molecules have been found to be expressed specifically in this pathway and to directly affect this migration. Soluble factors with inhibitory, attractive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Postnatal neurogenesis; Chain migration; Rostral migratory stream; Astrocytes; Gap junctions; Radial glia.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001200002
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Chronic hypertension alters the expression of Cx43 in cardiovascular muscle cells 56
Haefliger,J.-A.; Meda,P..
Connexin43 (Cx43), the predominant gap junction protein of muscle cells in vessels and heart, is involved in the control of cell-to-cell communication and is thought to modulate the contractility of the vascular wall and the electrical coupling of cardiac myocytes. We have investigated the effects of arterial hypertension on the expression of Cx43 in aorta and heart in three different models of experimental hypertension. Rats were made hypertensive either by clipping one renal artery (two kidney, one-clip renal (2K,1C) model) by administration of deoxycorticosterone and salt (DOCA-salt model) or by inhibiting nitric oxide synthase with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME model). After 4 weeks, rats of the three models showed a similar increase in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cell-cell communication; Gap junctions; Connexins; Vasculature; Heart; Hypertension; Blood pressure; Renin; Deoxycorticosterone; Nitric oxide; Distensibility.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400009
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Connexin domains relevant to the chemical gating of gap junction channels 56
Most cells exchange ions and small metabolites via gap junction channels. These channels are made of two hemichannels (connexons), each formed by the radial arrangement of six connexin (Cx) proteins. Connexins span the bilayer four times (M1-M4) and have both amino- and carboxy-termini (NT, CT) at the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, forming two extracellular loops (E1, E2) and one inner (IL) loop. The channels are regulated by gates that close with cytosolic acidification (e.g., CO2 treatment) or increased calcium concentration, possibly via calmodulin activation. Although gap junction regulation is still unclear, connexin domains involved in gating are being defined. We have recently focused on the CO2 gating sensitivity of Cx32, Cx38 and various...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Cell-cell interaction; Cell junctions; Gap junctions; Calcium; Calmodulin; Membrane channels.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000500003
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Functional properties of a Brazilian derived mouse embryonic stem cell line 42
VAIRO,LEANDRO; MEDEI,EMILIANO; SANTOS,DANÚBIA S. DOS; RODRIGUES,DEIVID C.; GOLDENBERG,REGINA C.S.; CARVALHO,ANTONIO C. CAMPOS DE.
Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) are cell lines derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage early mammalian embryos. Since ion channel modulation has been reported to interfere with both growth and differentiation process in mouse and human ESC it is important to characterize the electrophysiological properties of newly generated mESC and compare them to other lines. In this work, we studied the intercellular communication by way of gap junctions in a Brazilian derived mESC (USP-1, generated by Dr. Lygia Pereira's group) and characterized its electrophysiological properties. We used immunofluorescence and RT-PCR to reveal the presence of connexin 43 (Cx43), pluripotency markers and ion channels. Using a co-culture of neonatal mouse...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cx43 channels; Electrophysiological properties; Gap junctions; Mouse embryonic stem cells.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000100275
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Gap junctions in cells of the immune system: structure, regulation and possible functional roles 56
Sáez,J.C.; Brañes,M.C.; Corvalán,L.A.; Eugenín,E.A.; González,H.; Martínez,A.D.; Palisson,F..
Gap junction channels are sites of cytoplasmic communication between contacting cells. In vertebrates, they consist of protein subunits denoted connexins (Cxs) which are encoded by a gene family. According to their Cx composition, gap junction channels show different gating and permeability properties that define which ions and small molecules permeate them. Differences in Cx primary sequences suggest that channels composed of different Cxs are regulated differentially by intracellular pathways under specific physiological conditions. Functional roles of gap junction channels could be defined by the relative importance of permeant substances, resulting in coordination of electrical and/or metabolic cellular responses. Cells of the native and specific...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cell contacts; Gap junctions; Connexins; Native immune response; Specific immune response; Inflammatory response.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400011
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Gap junctions in hematopoietic stroma control proliferation and differentiation of blood cell precursors 42
Bodi,Estevão; Hurtado,Sandra P.; Carvalho,Marcelo A.; Borojevic,Radovan; Carvalho,Antônio C. Campos de.
We examined gap junction communication in an in vitro model of hematopoiesis, using the murine bone marrow stroma cell line S-17, and primary cultures of murine marrow-derived blood cell precursors. S-17 cells express several connexins, the major one being connexin 43. Connexin expression and formation of functional gap junctions is modulated by stroma cell density. Transfection of S-17 cells with a vector containing connexin 43 sense or anti-sense sequences increased or decreased, respectively, connexin 43 synthesis and intercellular dye coupling. Under these conditions, modulation of gap junction-mediated communication modified the growth pattern of stroma itself, as well as the ability of the stroma to sustain hematopoiesis. Increased connexin 43...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bone marrow; Hematopoiesis; Connexins; Gap junctions; S-17 cells.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652004000400009
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Gap junctions in isolated rat aorta: evidence for contractile responses that exhibit a differential dependence on intercellular communication 56
Christ,G.J.; Brink,P.R..
Connexin43 (Cx43) is a major gap junction protein present in the Fischer-344 rat aorta. Previous studies have identified conditions under which selective disruption of intercellular communication with heptanol caused a significant, readily reversible and time-dependent diminution in the magnitude of <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</font>1-adrenergic contractions in isolated rat aorta. These observations have indentified a significant role for gap junctions in modulating vascular smooth muscle tone. The goal of these steady-state studies was to utilize isolated rat aortic rings to further evaluate the contribution of intercellular junctions to contractions elicited by cellular activation in response to several other vascular spasmogens. The effects of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gap junctions; Connexin43; Rat aorta; Vascular smooth muscle; Intercellular communication.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400008
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Gap junctions in the cardiovascular and immune systems 56
Rozental,R.; Campos-de-Carvalho,A.C.; Spray,D.C..
Gap junctions are clusters of intercellular channels directly connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. These channels are formed by proteins named connexins and are present in all metazoan organisms where they serve diverse functions ranging from control of cell growth and differentiation to electric conduction in excitable tissues. In this overview we describe the presence of connexins in the cardiovascular and lympho-hematopoietic systems giving the reader a summary of the topics to be covered throughout this edition and a historical perspective of the discovery of gap junctions in the immune system.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gap junctions; Cardiovascular system; Immune system; Connexins.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400001
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Regulation of gap junctions by protein phosphorylation 56
Sáez,J.C.; Martínez,A.D.; Brañes,M.C.; González,H.E..
Gap junctions are constituted by intercellular channels and provide a pathway for transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells of most tissues. The degree of intercellular coupling mediated by gap junctions depends on the number of gap junction channels and their activity may be a function of the state of phosphorylation of connexins, the structural subunit of gap junction channels. Protein phosphorylation has been proposed to control intercellular gap junctional communication at several steps from gene expression to protein degradation, including translational and post-translational modification of connexins (i.e., phosphorylation of the assembled channel acting as a gating mechanism) and assembly into and removal from the plasma membrane....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gap junctions; Connexins; Protein phosphorylation; Sites of phosphorylation; Protein kinases; Cell-to-cell communication.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000500001
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Regulation of intercellular coupling in acute and chronic heart disease 56
Saffitz,J.E..
Effective pump function of the heart depends on the precise control of spatial and temporal patterns of electrical activation. Accordingly, the distribution and function of gap junction channels are important determinants of the conduction properties of myocardium and undoubtedly play other roles in intercellular communication crucial to normal cardiac function. Recent advances have begun to elucidate mechanisms by which the heart regulates intercellular electrical coupling at gap junctions in response to stress or injury. Although responses to increased load or injury are generally adaptive in nature, remodeling of intercellular junctions under conditions of severe stress creates anatomic substrates conducive to the development of lethal ventricular...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gap junctions; Cardiac hypertrophy; Heart failure; Arrhythmias.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400006
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The molecular basis of selective permeability of connexins is complex and includes both size and charge 56
Nicholson,B.J.; Weber,P.A.; Cao,F.; Chang,H.-C.; Lampe,P.; Goldberg,G..
Although gap junction channels are still widely viewed as large, non-specific pores connecting cells, the diversity in the connexin family has led more attention to be focused on their permeability characteristics. We summarize here the current status of these investigations, both published and on-going, that reveal both charge and size selectivity between gap junction channels composed of different connexins. In particular, this review will focus on quantitative approaches that monitor the expression level of the connexins, so that it is clear that differences that are seen can be attributed to channel properties. The degree of selectivity that is observed is modest compared to other channels, but is likely to be significant for biological molecules that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Intercellular channels; Permeability; Channel selectivity; Gap junctions.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000400002
Registros recuperados: 13
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