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Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba. |
Since the abolition of its Apartheid regime in 1994, South Africa has launched a massive program of education, which has been financed through resources representing on average 21% of the national budget or 7% of GDP. Today, the GDP share of public spending on education is 1.3 times the average of industrialized countries (5.4%) and almost twice that of developing countries (3.9%). In this paper, we simulate fiscal policy experiments to analyze the growth and welfare effects of a shift in the allocation of government expenditures between public spending on education and transfers as well as those of a change in the tax rate in a model of endogenous growth with human capital accumulation for the South African economy. The results of simulations demonstrate... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palabras clave: Fiscal Policy; Government Expenditures and Education; Growth Model; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; E62; H52; O41. |
Año: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6431 |
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Ravallion, Martin. |
Macroeconomic adjustment programs often emphasize the need to protect social spending from cuts, and to protect pro-poor spending in particular. But does this happen in practice during fiscal contractions? The paper presents evidence for Argentina. Using aggregate time series data the paper first finds that social spending was not protected historically, although more "pro-poor" social spending was no more vulnerable. Turning next to new data for an externally-financed workfare scheme introduced in response to a macro crisis, the paper finds that this program was far better targeted than other social spending. However, it appears that the program still had to assure that a small but relatively well-protected share of its benefits went to the non-poor. This... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palabras clave: Fiscal incidence; Social spending; Budget cuts; Argentina; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics; E62; H22; I38. |
Año: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44429 |
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Weinert, Gunter. |
Der Stabilitats- und Wachstumspakt ist in den vergangenen Jahren von einer zunehmenden Zahl von Landern verletzt worden. Dies deutet auf Mangel in der Gestaltung bzw. in der Umsetzung des Pakts hin. Kritisiert wird insbesondere das zentrale Kriterium für eine nachhaltige Finanzpolitik, eine für alle Länder einheitliche Obergrenze von 3 % für die gesamtstaatliche Defizitquote, nicht zuletzt wegen der damit verbundenen Asymmetrie. Zugleich wurden zahlreiche Alternativen vorgeschlagen: eine Orientierung der Finanzpolitik an den gesamtstaatlichen Schulden, am strukturellen Budgetsaldo, mit oder ohne besondere Berücksichtigung der öffentlichen Investitionen, sowie an einem für die mittlere Frist festgelegten linearen Pfad für die öffentlichen Ausgaben. Die... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palabras clave: Fiscal policy; Budget deficit; Public debt; Financial Economics; E62; H62; H63. |
Año: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26246 |
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Rava, Catalina; Lanfranco, Bruno A.; Ferraro, Bruno. |
Este trabajo analizó el desempeño de la cadena exportadora de manzana para consumo en fresco, en Uruguay, mediante el método de la matriz de análisis de políticas (MAP). Se trabajó con la variedad Royal Gala, una de las más exportadas localmente por su temprana maduración y su buena aceptación en mercados de valor, como el europeo. Se cuantificaron los efectos de las políticas públicas (impuestos, subsidios, cargas sociales) y las eventuales fallas de mercado que afectan los distintos eslabones, estimándose las potenciales transferencias de recursos, desde o hacia la cadena. Primero se computaron los ingresos y costos en los distintos eslabones considerados: producción, transporte, procesamiento y empaque. Se calcularon los beneficios privados y sociales... |
Tipo: Book |
Palabras clave: Policy analysis matrix; Production systems; Economic efficiency; Public policies; Export markets; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Political Economy; Public Economics; D40; D61; E62; H20. |
Año: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121682 |
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Sobhee, Sanjeev K.; Nath, Shyam. |
This paper contributes to the literature on foreign aid by exclusively explaining a donor’s motivation for foreign external assistance. The underlying framework focuses on recipients’ needs for foreign aid to address income inequality as and when growth occurs. A tax-subsidy policy is hypothesised in the manner advocated by optimal tax theory to effectively deal with inequity by minimizing the distortionary effects of income taxes. This framework is ultimately endogeneized in the recipient’s budget constraint, from which the donor derives the demand for foreign assistance. The outcome supports an inverted-U relationship between foreign aid and per capita income in the way postulated by the conventional Kuznets curve. Our postulate is empirically tested... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palabras clave: Foreign aid; Optimal taxation; Fiscal policy; International Relations/Trade; F35; H21; E62. |
Año: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50163 |
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Reszat, Beate. |
Recent debates about the state of Japan's financial system focus on the weakness of Japanese banks. But, in the complex financial relations of an advanced economy bank finance cannot be seen separate from other forms of financial intermediation. Despite the reform efforts under the Big Bang program, financial markets in Japan show severe signs of malfunctioning, distortion and backwardness. The paper gives an overview of the current state of markets for money, bonds, equities and derivatives arguing that for reform to become successful measures to develop an entirely different market culture were needed. It calls for a redefinition of the role of interest groups in the financial intermediation process - including the role of government. |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palabras clave: Financial Economics; E58; E62; G10; N25. |
Año: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26335 |
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Hefeker, Carsten. |
Das Papier diskutiert die Ausgestaltung des EU Finanzsystems aus polit-ökonomischer Perspektive. Die jetzige Form der Umverteilung lässt sich aus ökonomischer Sicht nicht nachvollziehen; vielmehr kann dies als ein System von politischen Seitenzahlungen verstanden werden. Es wird argumentiert, dass das System in Zukunft nach einer Erweiterung so kaum noch haltbar ist. Stattdessen ist eine Beschränkung auf die tatsächlich notwendigen Aufgaben auf EU Ebene angebracht. Dies impliziert einerseits eine stärkere Zentralisierung, andererseits eine stärkere Dezentralisierung und Rückverlagerung von Aufgaben auf die nationale Ebene. Eine gewünschte Umverteilung zwischen den Staaten sollte pauschal und nicht länger über Agrar- und Sozialfonds stattfinden. Dabei steht... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palabras clave: Europäische Union; Erweiterung der EU; Fiskalpolitik; Politische Ökonomie; Political Economy; D72; E62; H77. |
Año: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26229 |
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Petrucci, Alberto. |
This paper analyzes the efficient taxation of oil and capital income in an oil-dependent infinite-lived economy facing perfect capital mobility. Two cases are examined: one with product market imperfections and free tax choice, one with perfect competition and tax restrictions. The optimal tax rates on oil and capital strictly depend on the international tax system implemented; however, they are also affected by the degree of market power and the extent to which monopoly profits are taxed, the type of tax restrictions and the use of oil (as an input or a consumer good). Under the residence-based system, capital income should always be exempted from taxation, while the optimal tax on productive oil may differ from zero. Under the source-based system,... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palabras clave: Optimal Factor Taxation; Oil; Capital Income; Residence-based System; Source-Based System; Financial Economics; E62; H21; Q43; Q48. |
Año: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59477 |
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Twimukye, Evarist P.; Matovu, John Mary; Levine, Sebastian; Birungi, Patrick. |
This paper analyses the impact of the global economic and financial crisis on Uganda notably on macro-economic aggregates, sectoral output and household welfare, and the potential role of fiscal policy and reform in mitigating the impacts. We find that second round effects from a reduction in financial inflows such as remittances, foreign direct investments and overseas development assistance, as well as reduction in international demand from cash crops such as cotton, tea and coffee, could lead to a reduction in economic growth by 0.6 percentage points on average annually over the period 2008- 2010 compared to a baseline reflecting pre-crisis conditions. A surge in regional exports and early counter-cyclical policies in particular are found to dampen the... |
Tipo: Report |
Palabras clave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Uganda; Global economic and financial crisis; Computable general equilibrium (CGE); Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; Production Economics; Public Economics; C68; D58; E62; F15; H62; I32. |
Año: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113619 |
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Trang, Truong Thi Thu; Vanzetti, David. |
The global financial crisis in 2008-2009 has affected almost all countries. Vietnam was hit by a large fall in export demand and foreign direct investment. Many governments quickly prescribed stimulus packages and Vietnam was no exception. It reduced taxes and increased government spending, mainly by subsidizing loans to state-owned enterprises. The question is what the stimulated impact is, if any, and whether a better outcome could have been achieved by a different mix of policies. In this paper, we use a simple general equilibrium model to quantify the impact of the various components of the stimulus package on the whole economy as well as agricultural sector. The results suggest that, in the short run at least, the stimulus package marginally... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palabras clave: Vietnam; Fiscal stimulus; Agriculture; International Development; Public Economics; E62; D58; Q17. |
Año: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100722 |
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Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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