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A Short History of the Namibian Hake Fishery—a Social-Ecological Analysis Ecology and Society
Paterson, Barbara; Marine Research Institute (Ma-Re), Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Barbara@paterson.alt.na; Kirchner, Carola; National Marine Information and Research Centre (NatMirc), Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Namibia; University of Cape Town, Graduate School of Business, South Africa; carola.kirchner32@gmail.com; Ommer, Rosemary E.; University of Victoria; ommer@uvic.ca.
As a legacy of Namibia’s colonial past, the country inherited severely depleted fish resources at the time of independence. Today, Namibia’s fisheries are almost exclusively industrial. The hake fishery is the country’s most important fishery, which was restructured from a pre-independence foreign fishery into one that is characterized by locally based, vertically integrated fishing and processing companies. It is widely believed that Namibia has successfully combined the neoliberal economics that have been characteristic of the development narratives since the 1980s with welfarist goals for poverty reduction. However, there are strong indications that the fish stocks are declining, while the high economic expectations for the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Distant water fleets; Fisheries; Hake; Merlucius capensis; Merluccius paradoxus; Namibia; Namibianisation; Northern Benguela; South West Africa; Sustainable fisheries development.
Ano: 2013
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A stochastic viability approach to ecosystem-based fisheries management ArchiMer
Doyen, Luc; Thebaud, Olivier; Bene, Christopher; Martinet, V.; Gourguet, S.; Bertignac, Michel; Fifas, Spyros; Blanchard, Fabian.
Academia and management agencies show a growing interest for ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM). However, the way to operationalize this approach remains challenging. The present paper illustrates how the concepts of stochastic co-viability, which accounts for dynamic complexities, uncertainties, risk and sustainability constraints, can be useful for the implementation of EBFM. In the present case, this concept is used to identify fishing strategies that satisfy both ecological conservation and economic sustainability in a multi-species, multi-fleet context. Economic Viability Analysis (EVA) and the broader Co-Viability Analysis (CVA), are proposed to expand the usual Population Viability Analysis (PVA) and precautionary approach. An illustration is...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ecosystem based fisheries management; Viability; Stochastic; Nephrops; Hake.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00074/18571/16153.pdf
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An evaluation of multi-annual management strategies for ICES roundfish stocks ArchiMer
Kell, L; Pilling, G; Kirkwood, G; Pastoors, M; Mesnil, Benoit; Korsbrekke, K; Abaunza, P; Aps, R; Biseau, Alain; Kunzlik, P; Needle, C; Roel, B; Ulrich, Clara.
Current scientific management objectives for ICES roundfish stocks are to ensure conservation of the biological resource and do not explicitly consider economic or social objectives. For example, there are currently no objectives to maximize the sustainable yield or to reduce variability in total allowable catches (TACs). This is despite the fact that the current system can result in wide annual fluctuations in TAC, limiting the ability of the fishing industry to plan for the future. Therefore, this study evaluated management strategies that stabilized catches by setting bounds on the interannual variability in TACs. An integrated modelling framework was used, which simulated both the real and observed systems and the interactions between system...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Whiting; TAC; Simulation; Saithe; Population modelling; North Sea; Management; Limiting variations; Harvest strategies; Hake; Haddock; Evaluation; Cod; Bounds.
Ano: 2006 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-3694.pdf
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Analysis of gear interactions in a hake fishery: The case of the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) ArchiMer
Aldebert, Yvonne; Recasens, Laura; Lleonart, Jordi.
The hake of the Gulf of Lions is the most important target species of the demersal fishery. It is exploited by four types of gear (two trawls, gillnet and longline) used by two countries (France and Spain). Some analyses of its dynamics, based on 19 88 length frequency data by gear, have been performed. These analyses consisted in a VPA (Virtual Population Analysis). phis a Y/R (Yield per Recruit analysis) carried out on two parameter scenarios by sex, under a steady state hypothesis (with constant recruitment). Some estimates of biomass and exploitation level were obtained, and sensitivity to the biological parameters and interaction between types of gear were studied. As a main conclusion, it can be seen that the types of gear fishing mainly small...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Assessment; Gaar interaction; Hake; Gulf of Lions; NW Mediterranean.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00193/30430/28847.pdf
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Caractérisation et modélisation des processus de bioaccumulation des PCB chez le merlu (Merluccius merluccius) du golfe du Lion ArchiMer
Bodiguel, Xavier.
Understanding bioaccumulation mechanisms of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is a major issue for environmental risk assessment. In this work, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a model contaminant family, has been studied in the European hake (Merluccius merluccius), a high trophic level species from the Gulf of Lions. High concentrations of PCBs were measured in hake from this area compared to those encountered in the population of the Bay of Biscay. PCB biomagnification was highlighted along its food web from marine phytoplankton, suggesting a strong influence of diet on contamination levels. The role of other biological processes was also apprehended in order to understand the high variability of observed levels. Thus, growth, sex, and also the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: DEB theory; Bioenergetic model; Gulf of Lions; Biomagnification; Food web; Hake; Bioaccumulation; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Organic contaminants; Théorie DEB; Modèle bioenergétique; Golfe du Lion; Bioamplification; Réseau trophique; Merlu; Bioaccumulation; Polychlorobiphényles; Contaminants organiques.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-6490.pdf
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Contribution à l'évaluation et à l'évolution de la puissance de pêche des fileyeurs français ArchiMer
Morizur, Yvon; Carn, Nolwenn.
En l'absence de données fines sur l'effort de pêche des fileyeurs, on prend couramment la journée de pêche comme unité d'effort. C'est le niveau disponible pour tous les bateaux. Lorsque l'on prend la journée de pêche comme unité d'effort dans le fileyage, l'on se réfère à une unité de temps qui comporte des opérations de levage et parfois de filage et de levage, et la puissance de pêche dépendra principalement des quantités de filets levés, la durée d'immersion étant un facteur peu variable dans une même pêcherie. Cette étude vise à étudier l'influence de ce facteur sur la puissance de pêche et à étudier le lien avec des paramètres physiques connus. Les analyses effectuées montrent que, pour les années 1996-97, les quantités de filets sont dépendantes de...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Hake; Sole; Anglerfish; Spider crab; Length of nets; Evolution; Fishing power; Fishing effort; Fixed nets; Merlu; Baudroie; Sole; Araignée; Evolution; Puissance de pêche; Longueur des filets; Effort de pêche; Filets fixes.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-1243.pdf
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Développement d'une plateforme d'évaluation de plans de gestion spatialisés : application à la pêcherie mixte démersale du golfe de Gascogne ArchiMer
Vigier, Audric.
North-East Atlantic fisheries management goes towards a regionalisation, accounting for mixed fisheries technical interaction. Hence, understanding and assessing the spatio-temporal dynamics of exploited species and the fleets exploiting them is needed. This study aims to provide a tool to assess the effects of several management scenarii in the Bay of Biscay. lt fouses on North-east Atlantic northern hake stock (Merluccius merluccius) and the mixed demersal hake - sole (Solea solea) - Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) Bay of Biscay fisheries.A Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE) framework has been developed, pairing a spatial northern hake stock assessment model, and an operating model (lSlS-Fish) simulating the Bay of Biscay mixed demersal...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Merlu; Golfe de Gascogne; Evaluation de stratégies de gestion; Hake; Bay of Biscay; Management strategy evaluation; ISIS-Fish; Stock synthesis.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/60972/64380.pdf
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Développement et ajustement d'un modèle de dynamique des populations structuré en longueur et spatialisé appliqué au stock Nord de merlu (Merluccius merluccius) ArchiMer
Drouineau, Hilaire.
The biology of European hake has been largely studied, however some specific processes of its biology, especially growth and migration, are still poorly known. Those uncertainties have consequences on the quality of the stock assessments and on the stock management by limiting the possibility to assess the effect of spatial management measures. Therefore, we develop an integrated length-structured and spatialised model of population dynamics aiming at improving the estimation of unknown parameters of the population dynamic. The model relies on a state model describing the dynamics of the population and the fishing activity, and on an observation model describing the observation processes and providing a likelihood function. A review of the literature...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Parameters estimation; Migration; Growth; Sensitivity analysis; Likelihood; Spatialised model; Stock assessment; Length structured model; Hake; Estimation de paramètres; Migration; Croissance; Analyse de sensibilité; Maximum de vraisemblance; Modèle spatialisé; Évaluation des stocks; Modèle structuré en longueur; Merlu.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-3710.pdf
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Effects of grilling on cholesterol oxide formation and fatty acids alterations in fish Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Saldanha,Tatiana; Bragagnolo,Neura.
Due to the adverse effects of the cholesterol oxidation products for the human health, the search of the occurrence and the quantification of these compounds in foods are considered of great importance. In this paper the effect of grilling in hake and sardine on cholesterol oxides formation and fatty acids alterations was investigated. The main fatty acids determined in both fishes were docosahexaenoic (DHA), oleic, eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and palmitoleic. The total lipids, fatty acids and cholesterol contents were decreased significantly (p < 0.02) after thermal treatment, with simultaneous increase of the cholesterol oxides contents. The cholesterol oxides determined in both species in the present study were: 19-hydroxycholesterol,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Hake; Sardine; Fatty acids; Cholesterol; Effect of grilling; HPLC.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612010000200015
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Emergence of a new predator in the North Sea: evaluation of potential trophic impacts focused on hake, saithe, and Norway pout ArchiMer
Cormon, Xochitl; Kempf, Alexander; Vermard, Youen; Vinther, Morten; Marchal, Paul.
During the last 15 years, northern European hake (Merluccius merluccius) has increased in abundance, and its spatial distribution has expanded in the North Sea region in correlation with temperature. In a context of global warming, this spatial shift could impact local trophic interactions: direct impacts may affect forage fish through modified predator–prey interactions, and indirect impacts may materialize through competition with other resident predators. For instance, North Sea saithe (Pollachius virens) spatial overlap with hake has increased while saithe spawning-stock biomass has decreased recently notwithstanding a sustainable exploitation. In this context, we investigated the range of potential impacts resulting from most recent hake emergence in...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Hake; Interspecific competition; Maximum sustainable yield; Multispecies stock assessment; Norway pout; Predator-prey interactions; Saithe; Simple foodweb; SMS.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00327/43794/45917.pdf
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Estimating gear efficiency in a combined acoustic and trawl survey, with reference to the spatial distribution of demersal fish ArchiMer
Doray, Mathieu; Mahevas, Stephanie; Trenkel, Verena.
Few analyses have been performed to estimate the efficiency of trawls targeting demersal fish using the ratio of catches and acoustic densities. In summer 2006, acoustic and fishing data were collected simultaneously over 3 d by three fishing vessels equipped with identical pelagic trawls in the Bay of Biscay. Variography identified moderate spatial autocorrelation in the acoustic backscatter at a mean scale of 3 km, a scale slightly smaller than the mean haul length (3.5 km), indicating that fish horizontal availability did not influence trawl efficiency. Acoustic backscattering densities expressed as nautical area scattering coefficients (NASCs) recorded in the trawled layer were compared with equivalent NASC (ENASC) values calculated from the species...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Availability; Bay of Biscay; Catchability; Generalized linear model; Geostatistics; Hake; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11372/7980.pdf
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Etude d'une gestion optimale des pecheries de langoustines et de poissons demersaux en mer Celtique ArchiMer
Laurec, Alain; Charuau, Anatole; Perodou, Jean-bernard; Nedelec, Daniel; Biseau, Alain; Durand, Jean-louis; Rivoalen, Jean-jacques; Dupouy, Herve; Le Louarn, G.; Leroux, L..
The general study, scheduled from 1984 to 1986, aims at providing a judgement about the fisheries in the Celtic Sea. This area has been chosen because it is frequented by EEC vessels with, for the time being, a large majority of French vessels. Activities there are easier to monitor than anywhere else as coastal fisheries are little developed in the area. The final product will consist of a certain number of hypotheses about the planning strategies that could be implemented in the Celtic Sea. The main idea is, firstly, to conduct analytical studies, stock by stock, in order then, to synthesize them into a model integrating the interactions between fleets in relation to their target species. A bio-economical model, deriving from the latter, will enable the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Monk; Cuckoo ray; Blue whiting; Cod; Hake; Ling; Common dab; Data bases; Fishing statistics; French fisheries; Demersal fish; Nephrops; Celtic Sea; Baudroies; Raie fleurie; Julienne; Cardine; Morue; Merlu; Merlan; Base de données; Rejets; Statistiques de pêche; Pêcheries françaises; Poissons demersaux; Langoustine; Mer Celtique.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/rapport-3671.pdf
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Etude d'une gestion optimale des pecheries de langoustines et de poissons demersaux en mer Celtique (phase 1) ArchiMer
Biseau, Alain; Noel, Philippe; Ottenheimer De Gail, G.; Rivoalen, Jean-jacques.
This study of the demersal and benthic fisheries in the Celtic Sea is the logical continuation of the works conducted on the scampi fisheries since 1978. The program of the first phase of the study consists of 1 - A description of fisheries in the Celtic Sea. 2 – An assessment of the rejection of the marketable species in each fishery, with a special mention for fish fisheries. 3 – The constitution a computerized database including international fishing statistics since 1980. 4 – The sampling of the unloading of seven main species or groups of species: - cod and whiting, already sampled (length and age) regularly since 1978 in order to provide data to the CIEM workgroup. "Irish Sea – Bristol Channel", - scampi, sampled since 1980 in the scope of the CIEM...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Cartography; Ray; Monk; Common dab; Hake; Demersal fish; Nephrops; Celtic Sea; Cartographie; Rejets; Raie; Baudroie; Cardine; Merlu; Poissons demersaux; Langoustines; Mer Celtique.
Ano: 1984 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/rapport-3672.pdf
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Impact of egg production and stock structure on MSY reference points and its management implications for southern hake (Merluccius merluccius) ArchiMer
Cervino, Santiago; Dominguez-petit, Rosario; Jardim, Ernesto; Mehault, Sonia; Pineiro, Carmen; Saborido-rey, Fran.
Spawning stock biomass (SSB) is one of the most common measures of stock status. However recent research on reproductive potential has shown that alternative variables may be an improvement over SSB. In the case of European hake (Merluccius merluccius), it is known that large individuals produce more eggs by unit of body weight, and their quality is better than those of small individuals. Under these circumstances, application of reproductive potential may be pertinent in the implementation of the Johannesburg agreement, since it is not only the spawning biomass but also its age or length structure that defines stock productivity and its ability to achieve maximum sustainable yield (MSY). In this contribution we used an age-length structured population...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Egg production; Biological reference points; Steepness; Length based models; Hake.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00161/27254/25487.pdf
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Impacts de l’émergence d’un top-prédateur dans un ecosystème exploité : le merlu et le lieu noir de mer du Nord. Quelles interactions ? Quelles conséquences ? ArchiMer
Cormon, Xochitl.
North Sea saithe (Pollachius virens) has high economic value for European fisheries. In recent years, North Sea saithe abundance has decreased, while abundance of hake (Merluccius merluccius), which was rarely fished in the North Sea, has increased dramatically in the area. This work investigates the nature of the ecological interactions between saithe and hake in the North Sea, in order to understand if recent hake emergence in this area could explain, at least partially, the recent decline of the saithe stock. The results obtained during this research suggested competitive interactions between saithe and hake predators in the area. In addition, this investigation revealed potential negative effects of hake on the resident saithe stock. Therefore, hake...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Compétition; Lieu noir; Merlu; Simple réseau trophique; Émergence d’un prédateur; Mer du nord; Exploitative competition; Saithe; Hake; Simple foodweb; Up-coming predator; North sea.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00345/45638/45268.pdf
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Le merlu du golfe de Gascogne et de la mer Celtique : Croissance, Répartition spatiale et bathymétrique, Ecologie alimentaire et Assemblages ArchiMer
Kacher, Mohamed.
In the Bay of Biscay and Celtic Sea waters, hake is considered as genetically homogeneous and form a unique stock with identical meristic characteristics. The vertebral mean vary from 50,68 (vertebrae) during the first year of life to 51,11 (vertebrae) for adults. 0-group Merluccius display a rapid growth with significant interannual variability (0.71 mm.day-1 in 2001 versus 0.74 mm.day-1 in 2002). The spawning period occurs in April and the average length on the firth January following the hatching is of 17.3 cm (first seasonal check / increment on the sagittal otolith is located about 0.143 cm from the nucleus). At the end of the first year of life the average length is about 24 cm. The longevity of the species is important and growth parameters (L =...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Celtic sea; Bay of biscay; Ecologie; Juvéniles; Otolith; Growth; Assemblages; Hake; Mer celtique; Golfe de Gascogne; Ecologie; Juvéniles; Otolithe; Croissance; Assemblages; Merlu.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/these-1247.pdf
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Le merlu europeen (Merluccius merluccius L.). Bilan des connaissances biologiques. Evolution de l'exploitation. Evaluations des stocks et mesures de gestion ArchiMer
Guichet, Roger.
European hake is one of the most important commercial species of the North East Atlantic. Its biology is quite well known in spite of age reading problems. This report provides a review of the state of knowledge based on updated data, specially for parameters used in the working groups in charge of stocks assessments. The fisheries for hake are essentially sequential. In recent years fishing mortalities have been moderate and the over exploitation of the stocks is due to the excessive catches of young fish and to the fishing pattern of some fleets. The result of this inappropriate exploitation pattern is dangerous with a decrease of the spawning stock biomass and recrutrnent for the two stocks.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Merlu; Nord Est Atlantique; Biologie; Exploitation; Gestion; Hake; North East Atlantic; Biology; Fisheries; Management.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00422/53327/54169.pdf
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Les Merlus d'Afrique du sud et leur peche ArchiMer
Quero, Jean-claude.
This study concerns mainly 2 species Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus; M. polli is a more northern species though the 3 species are known to inhabit the same regions. The life cycle, seasonal migrations geographical distribution and fishing grounds of the 2 main species are discussed in detail. The intensity of fishing in this region, over the past 10 years has increased to such an extent that during 1968 -1970 this production accounted for one half level on a world-wide basis. Attempts have been made by Britain to market this fish as a frozen product.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: South Africa; Fishing; Population dynamic; Ecology; Biology; Gadoide; Hake.
Ano: 1973 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/publication-2228.pdf
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Les pêcheries mixtes de langoustine et de merlu du golfe de Gascogne. Description, préparation à une modélisation et à une simulation des procédures de gestion ArchiMer
Charuau, Anatole; Ifremer.
1 - Study's goals review The management of Norway Lobster and Hake fisheries can be considered as the most important issue in the Gascogne gulf. Calculation methods used to evaluate prediction variations under various efforts and mesh constraints all pinpoint to the crucial role narrow mesh fishing plays in Hakes' Northern stock status. The involvement of Gascogne gulf Norway Lobster fisheries regarding Hakes over exploitation seems over dimensioned when comparing the size of both of these stocks. Hake stocks spread from Northern Great Britain to Northern Spain, while Norway Lobster stocks are located in the Gascogne gulf's mud flats. The biological solution is well known and consists in globally increasing mesh nets to 80mm which would bring up Hakes...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Procedures of management; Modeling; Bay of Biscay; Mixed fishery; Lobster; Hake.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/rapport-1763.pdf
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Les pêcheries mixtes de langoustine et merlu du Golfe de Gascogne, modélisation bio-économique et simulation des procédures de gestion ArchiMer
Charuau, Anatole.
Fishing crayfish on the gulf's mudflats is a traditional business practised by 450 boats of 12 to 18 metres in length and employs 2,500 sailors. In the north of the gulf, this activity is exclusive, in the south, immature hake are also caught, because the crayfish areas coincide, in part, with the nurseries of the northern stock of this species. Management of these fisheries, called mixed, of crayfish and hake is one of the greatest problems of the Gulf of Gascony. All assessments tend to show the responsibility of the crayfish boats in the future of the hake stock. The solution is likely to pass through a generalised increase of the 80 mm meshing that would lead, eventually, the hake stock yield to its maximum, but would eliminate a great many trades...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mixed fisheries; Bio economical modelisation; Bay of Biscay; Simulation; Prawn; Hake; Fishing fleet strategy; Fishing assessment; Pecherie mixre; Golfe de Gascogne; Modele bio economique; Simulation; Langoustine; Merlu; Stratégie des flottilles; Gestion des pêcheries.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-2569.pdf
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