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Registros recuperados: 14
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A concern about low relative income, and the alignment of utilitarianism with egalitarianism 31
Stark, Oded; Kobus, Martyna; Jakubek, Marcin.
A utilitarian social planner who maximizes social welfare assigns the available income to those who are most efficient in converting income into utility. However, when individuals are concerned about their income falling behind the incomes of others, the optimal income distribution under utilitarianism is equality of incomes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Utilitarianism; Income equality; Social welfare maximization; Relative income; Labor and Human Capital; H0; I0; I30; I31.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117257
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Exploring the Price Spike 31
von Braun, Joachim; Torero, Maximo.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; I30; O12; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94696
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Life Satisfaction Over Time Among Rural Low-income Mothers 31
Mammen, Sheila; Bauer, Jean W.; Lass, Daniel A..
Replaced with revised version of paper 11/05/09. Former title: Life Satisfaction among Rural Low-income Mothers: The Influence of Health, Human, Personal, and Social Capital
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Satisfaction with life; Rural low-income mothers; Health capital; Human capital; Personal capital; Social capital; Homeostatis; Labor and Human Capital; I30; I31; I32; I39.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47511
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Micro-Savings & Informal Insurance in Villages: A Field Experiment on Indirect Effects of Financial Deepening on Safety Nets of the Poor 31
Flory, Jeffrey A..
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/28/11. Former title: Indirect Effects of Microfinance: A Field Experiment on Formal Savings Expansion and Informal Safety Nets of the Ultra-Poor
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Formal savings; Indirect effects; Safety nets; Poverty; Food security; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; O17; O16; O12; I30; I38; I10.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103905
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Motives for Household Private Transfers in Burkina Faso 31
Kazianga, Harounan.
Resource transfers among households have received considerable interest among economists in recent years. Two of the main reasons for the surge of interest in household transfers are the information on human nature conveyed by transfer behavior and the implication on income redistribution policy that private transfer might have. Empirical studies, however, provide mixed results on transfer behavior. This is because previous inquiries were confronted with several estimation issues and have focused on data from developed countries where private transfers are already small. This paper contributes to the literature on transfer behavior by using a multifaceted econometric approach to examine the motives of household transfers in Burkina, a low-income country...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Private transfers; Altruism; Exchanges; Risk sharing; Consumer/Household Economics; D63; D64; I15; I30.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28463
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Obesity, BMI, and Diet Quality: How does the South Measure Up? 31
Duffy, Patricia A.; Zizza, Claire A.; Kinnucan, Henry W..
This paper examines regional differences in obesity rates, Body Mass Index (BMI) and dietary quality, using data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Mobile Examination Center (MEC). For women, BMI and obesity prevalence may be higher in the Deep South states, but the difference is explained by demographic characteristics. Diet quality was found to be lower in the South.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Obesity; Diet quality; Food insecurity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I10; I30.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46558
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On the formation of international migration policies when no country has an exclusive policy-setting say 31
Stark, Oded; Casarico, Alessandra; Devillanova, Carlo; Uebelmesser, Silke.
This paper identifies the migration policies that emerge when both the sending country and the receiving country wield power to set migration quotas, when controlling migration is costly, and when the decision how much human capital to acquire depends, among other things, on the migration policies. The paper analyzes the endogenous formation of bilateral agreements in the shape of transfers to support migration controls, and in the shape of joint arrangements regarding the migration policy and the cost-sharing of its implementation. The paper shows that in equilibrium both the sending country and the receiving country can participate in setting the migration policy, that bilateral agreements can arise as a welfare-improving mechanism, and that the sending...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Human capital formation; International migration; Migration policies; Welfare analysis; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; F22; I30; J24; J61.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117431
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SOURCES AND UTILIZATION OF FOODSTUFFS IN BELARUSIAN HOUSEHOLDS: RESULTS OF THE GRODNO HOUSEHOLDS SURVEY 31
Schmitz, Susanne; Brosig, Stephan; Degtiarevich, Josif J.; Degtiarevich, Irina J.; Grings, Michael.
The paper is a documentation of a (non-representative) survey on the food situation of households in the Grodno region, Belarus. It covers the year between September 2000 and August 2001. The focus of the survey was on the sources of food in the households (purchase, own production, and receipt in non-monetary transactions between households) and on the utilization (consumption, feed use, sale, unpaid transfers to other households, and spoilage). The paper describes the survey design and the scope and quality of the compiled data set and it presents results of descriptive analyses. The survey households consume a well balanced diet based on potatoes and vegetables as the main staple food. 75 percent of the households use small land plots for food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Belarus; Grodno; Foodstuffs; Food; Nutrition; Diet; Household survey; Weissrussland; Belarus; Grodno; Ernährung; Nahrungsmittel; Haushaltsbefragung; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; R20; I30.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92018
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Targeting of and outreach to the poor by rural development nonprofit organizations in Cameroon 31
Balgah, Roland Azibo; Buchenrieder, Gertrud.
The importance of nonprofit organizations such as rural development organizations, farmers associations and common initiative groups as drivers of change in rural areas has been generally recognized in the economics of nonprofit organizations. While the economic theories attempt to explain the formation and functioning of nonprofit organizations, the targeting and outreach performance of these organizations has received little attention and at best is empirically divergent. Using the example of a nonprofit rural development organization in North West Cameroon, this paper analyzes the relative poverty of beneficiaries and non beneficiaries of its small scale fish farming program as a proxy for targeting efficiency. Poverty is measured through multiple...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Nonprofit organizations; Targeting; Poverty; Cameroon; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; L31; I30; O18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93079
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The characteristics of poverty in Serbia 31
Tinde, Dobrodolac.
Half of the global population is regarded as poor to the extent that the very lives of a large number of people are endangered. Poverty is a multi-dimensional worldwide problem of modern society. In addition to similarities with other countries in transition, Serbia shows some specific features. The Government of Serbia adopted the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper in 2003.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Poverty; Sustainable development; Poverty reduction strategy; Transition; Public Economics; I30; P46.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94596
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The Determinants of Rural Household Food Security in the Punjab, Pakistan: An Econometric Analysis 31
Bashir, Muhammad Khalid; Schilizzi, Steven; Pandit, Ram.
Pakistan is one of the leading producers of important agricultural commodities in the world with a relatively high proportion of undernourished population (26 %). This study aims to examine the food security trends in Pakistan in general, and to find out the household level food security and its key determinants in the rural areas of the Punjab Province in particular. Both secondary and primary data were used. Secondary data were obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Bank and Government of Pakistan’s data sources. Primary data were collected from 1152 households in 12 districts of the Punjab province using questionnaire survey. The analysis was done in two phases i.e. (Phase-A) identification of food security trends, at national...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Food security; Rural households; Logistic regression; Punjab; Pakistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I30; Q18 and R20..
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122526
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The Distributional Consequences of a Fiscal Food Policy: Evidence From the UK 31
Salois, Matthew J.; Tiffin, J. Richard.
The extant literature on fat taxes and thin subsidies tends to focus on the overall effectiveness of such fiscal instruments in altering diets and improving health. However, little is known about the welfare impacts of fiscal food policies on society. This paper fills a gap in the literature by assessing the distributional impacts and welfare effects resulting from a tax-subsidy combination on different food groups. Using the methods derived from marginal tax reform theory, a formal welfare economics framework is developed allowing the calculation of the distributional characteristics of various food groups and approximate welfare measures of prices changes caused by a tax-subsidy combination. The distributional characteristics reveal that many of the food...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Distributional characteristic; Economic welfare; Fat tax; Indirect tax reform; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61360
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THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF A FISCAL FOOD POLICY 31
Salois, Matthew J.; Tiffin, J. Richard.
This paper examines the health effects of a fiscal food policy based on a combination of fat taxes and thin subsidies. The fat tax is based on the saturated fat content of food items while the thin subsidy is applied to select fruit and vegetable items. The policy is designed to be revenue neutral so that the subsidy exactly offsets the revenue from the fat tax. A model of food demand is estimated using Bayesian methods that accounts for censoring and infrequency of purchase (the problem of unit values is also discussed). The estimated of demand elasticities are used to compute nutrient elasticities which demonstrate how consumption of specific nutrients changes based on price changes in particular foods from the fiscal policy. Results show that while the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Bayesian estimation; Censoring; Fat tax; Infrequency of purchase; Nutrient elasticities; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Unit values; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116394
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The Impacts of Fat Taxes and Thin Subsidies on Nutrient Intakes 31
Salois, Matthew J.; Tiffin, J. Richard.
This paper examines the health effects of a fiscal food policy based on a combination of fat taxes and thin subsidies. The fat tax is based on the saturated fat content of food items while the thin subsidy is applied to select fruit and vegetable items. The policy is designed to be revenue neutral so the subsidy exactly offsets the revenue from the fat tax. A model of food demand is estimated using Bayesian methods that accounts for censoring and infrequency of purchase (the problem of unit values is also discussed). The estimated demand elasticities are used to compute nutrient elasticities which demonstrate how consumption of specific nutrients changes based on price changes in particular foods from the fiscal policy. Results show that although the fat...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fat tax; Nutrient elasticities; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108789
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