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Registros recuperados: 31
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Agricultural Import Demand in Low-Income, Middle-Income, and Centrally Planned Economies AgEcon
This report provides summaries of the papers and discussions at the third Consortium on Trade Research held in Washington, D.C., June 23-24, 1981. The cochairmen of the consortium were T. Kelley White, Economic Research Service (ERS), George E. Rossmiller, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and Vernon Sorenson, Michigan State University. The Consortium focused on world demand for agricultural imports and the policies and conditions in low-income, middle-income, and centrally planned countries that influence import demand. An overview paper by Dewain Rahe and Cheryl Christensen assessed future global prospects for agricultural trade. Peter Timmer's paper investigated conceptual and empirical problems in analyzing import demand. Three of the papers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade; Import demand; Projections; State trading; Food reserves; Stockholding; Bilateral agreements; Low-income countries; Middle-income countries; Centrally planned countries; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1982 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51268
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Allowing for Group Effects When Estimating Import Demand for Source and Product Differentiated Goods AgEcon
Muhammad, Andrew.
In this study an import demand model (differential production model) is presented that is used in estimating the demand for source and product differentiated goods simultaneously. Unlike the traditional import demand models, this model can account for changes in relative group expenditures. Expenditure estimates differed when comparing the differential production model and Rotterdam model results. Results showed that if group revenue shares are relatively fixed, then the bias in expenditure estimates due to omitting group effects will be small when using traditional demand models such as the AIDS or Rotterdam models. As relative group shares significantly change and diverge the bias increases, particularly for imports representing a larger share of group...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Import demand; AIDS model; Rotterdam model; Product differentiation; Source differentiation; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade; F17; Q17; Q11..
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6364
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An econometric analysis of the competitive position of Australian cotton in the Japanese market AgEcon
Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie).
Although a relatively small producer, Australia exports but about 90% of its cotton production, making it the third largest cotton exporter. This means that export performance plays a major role in determining the profitability of the Australian cotton industry. The primary aim was to determine the competitive position of Australian cotton in the Japanese market, based on the AIDS model using data from 1972 to 1998. The main findings were that the United States had a relatively strong market position and that to improve its market position, Australia should become more cost competitive and/or improve its quality image through promotion.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Almost ideal demand system; Cotton marketing; Import demand; Japan; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12940
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An empirical examination of import demand for pulses in India AgEcon
Agbola, Frank W.; Damoense, Maylene Y..
India is the largest producer and importer of pulses in the world. Since 1970, the Indian food economy has undergone major policy reforms, including trade liberalisation, that had the effect of opening up its domestic pulse market to international trade. This market is very lucrative and of major significance to the world pulse economy. Therefore, given the increasing evidence linking import demand and economic variables, an understanding of the impact of these variables on import demand for pulses in India is warranted. The import demand functions for total pulses, chickpea and lentils were estimated by autocorrelation regression procedure using time-series data for the period 1970 through to 2000. Empirical results indicate that real GDP, population,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: India; Pulses; Import demand; Unit root.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57823
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Análisis del comportamiento de la demanda de importaciones de limón persa (Citrus latifolia tanaka) y mexicano (Citrus aurantifolia swingle) en los Estados Unidos Colegio de Postgraduados
Sánchez Torres, Yolanda.
La agricultura mexicana en la década de los setentas inicia un proceso de expansión en la producción de frutas y hortalizas; y con ello la relevancia de frutas de clima tropical en el mercado mundial. Para 2008 México ocupaba el segundo lugar como productor mundial (14.94%) de limones y el primero como exportador (20.5%), teniendo dos variedades altamente competitivas: el limón mexicano, orientado al mercado nacional (96.2%) y el limón persa vinculado al mercado internacional (50.3%). El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar y valorar la relación funcional que tienen la población hispana, el precio unitario de importación, el ingreso y el tipo de cambio real con la demanda de importaciones para ambas variedades en Estados Unidos, en el periodo...
Palavras-chave: Demanda de importaciones; Limón mexicano; Limón persa; Población hispanica; Precio unitario de importación; Tipo de cambio; Ingreso real; Import demand; Mexican lime; Persian lime; Hispanic population; Unit price of import; Exchange rate; Real income; Doctorado; Economía.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/357
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Canadian import demand for fresh fruits: a differential demand system approach AgEcon
Chung, Rebecca H.; Brown, Mark G.; Lee, Jonq-Ying.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Import demand; Canada; Fresh fruit; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52740
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Canadian Orange Juice Imports and Production Level Import Demand AgEcon
Liu, Yan; Kilmer, Richard L.; Lee, Jonq-Ying.
Import demand equations are estimated in order to identify the own-, cross-price, and volume elasticities that can be used to determine the best marketing strategy to increase U.S. orange juice gallons in the Canadian import market. This study uses the firm’s version of production differential, AIDS, CBS, and NBR models. An expansion of total Canadian orange juice import gallons using advertising favors the U.S. much more than it does the other three origins investigated— Brazil, Mexico, and ROW. A 1% increase in imported gallons of orange juice due to advertising will increase U.S. imports by 1.20% and Brazil’s gallons by 0.60%.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: AIDS model; CBS model; Import demand; International trade; NBR model; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62281
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Changes in Import Demand Elasticity for Red Meat and Livestock: Measuring the Impacts of Animal Disease and Trade Policy AgEcon
Susanto, Dwi; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Henneberry, Shida Rastegari.
This paper estimates import demand functions for red meat and live cattle and investigates the impact of BSE and the trade ban on Canadian Cattle and beef on U.S. import demand elasticity using an error correction model (ECM). The results show that beef, pork, and live cattle were price inelastic prior to the BSE case. There has been statistical evidence of the effect of BSE and the trade bans on import demand elasticity in favor of more elastic demand. The effect is, however, quite small in absolute values for pork and beef imports and is relatively more elastic for live cattle. But the import demand elasticities of the three products are still inelastic. The use of ECM model provides efficient and robust estimates of the parameters.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: BSE; Elasticity; Import demand; Red meat and live cattle; Trade bans; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6337
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DEMAND AND COMPETITION AMONG SUPPLY SOURCES: THE INDONESIAN FRUIT IMPORT MARKET AgEcon
Andayani, Sri R.M.; Tilley, Daniel S..
Indonesia is a rapidly growing and competitive market for U.S. fruit. A restricted, source-differentiated, almost ideal demand system is estimated for apples, oranges, grapes, and other fruit in Indonesia. The Marshallian expenditure elasticities for U.S. fruit are estimated to be between 1.01 and 1.21. For grapes and oranges, competition with other fruits appears to be more important that competition with other supply sources. For apples, strong source-differentiated substitution relationships are found.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: AIDS model; Fruit; Import demand; Indonesia; Source-differentiated demand; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15049
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Do U.S. Cotton Subsidies Affect Competing Exporters? An Analysis of Import Demand in China AgEcon
Muhammad, Andrew; McPhail, Lihong Lu; Kiawu, James.
We estimate the demand for imported cotton in China and assess the competitiveness of cotton-exporting countries. Given the assertion that developing countries are negatively affected by U.S. cotton subsidies, our focus is the price competition between the United States and competing exporters (Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, India, and Uzbekistan). We further project how U.S. programs affect China’s imports by country. Results indicate that if U.S. subsidies make other exporting countries worse off, this effect is lessened when global prices respond accordingly. If subsidies are eliminated, China’s cotton imports may not fully recover from the temporary spike in global prices.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: China; Cotton; Import demand; Rotterdam model; Subsidies; United States; West Africa; International Relations/Trade; F17; Q11; Q17.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123786
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Drivers of Demand for Imported Horticultural Commodities: A Cross-Country Comparison AgEcon
Rickard, Bradley J.; St. Pierre, Christine M.; Becker, Gabriel M..
International trade of horticultural commodities is increasingly important in many regions of the world, yet relatively little research has studied import patterns of key horticultural crops. Using data between 1991 and 2005, we find that import demand for horticultural commodities in developed countries has been driven primarily by prices and the level of trade openness while income and diet considerations were more important in emerging countries. Furthermore, our results show that the determinants of import demand differed across the selected crops, and therefore information can be lost if data for horticultural commodities are aggregated.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Emerging markets; Horticultural commodities; Import demand; International trade; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q10; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53749
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Effects of Japanese Import Demand on U.S. Livestock Prices: Comment AgEcon
Kinnucan, Henry W..
A recent study of Miljkovic, Marsh, and Brester estimates that reductions in the Japanese tariff-rate quota between 1993 and 2001 increased U.S. beef prices by $1.03 per cwt and yen depreciation between 1995 and 1998 reduced U.S. hog prices by $0.99 per cwt. Relaxing the assumption that U.S. beef and hog supplies are fixed cuts the total elasticities underlying these estimates by 50% or more. The upshot is that shocks in the Japanese market have little effect on U.S. beef and pork prices. Hence, producers may be better off focusing on domestic issues such as dietary concerns over red meat consumption.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Elasticities; Exchange rates; Import demand; Income; Supply response; Tariffs; Q17; F14; C32.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43432
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Effects of Japanese Import Demand on U.S. Livestock Prices: Reply AgEcon
Miljkovic, Dragan; Marsh, John M.; Brester, Gary W..
In responding to a comment article, we concur that quantifying U.S. livestock price response to changing Japanese met import demand requires nonzero supply elasticities beyond one quarter. However, rigidities in market trade and empirical tests justify the inclusion of exchange rates in the short-run analysis. Producer welfare asymptotically approaches zero for increasing supply elasticities in the long run, but short-run transitions in producer surplus are meaningful to producers.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Exchange rates; Import demand; Supply response; Q17; F14; C32.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42940
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Evolution of olive oil import demand structures in nonproducing countries: the cases of Germany and the UK AgEcon
Kavallari, Aikaterini; Maas, Sarah; Schmitz, P. Michael.
Consumption patterns of olive oil have changed over recent years influencing the supply chain. The consumption has increased in countries where olive oil is not part of the traditional diet as for example Germany and the UK, where the average consumption grew by 11 and 13% respectively during the period 1995-2003. The opening of new non-traditional markets has shifted exports and re-structured the supply chain. Mediterranean countries have been the traditional suppliers of olive oil with the EU Mediterranean Member States being the main exporters and with the non-EU Mediterranean countries trying to gain market shares in the EU markets in an attempt to benefit from the preferential access due to the Barcelona Agreement. This paper tries to identify which...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Olive oil; Gravity model; Import demand; Germany; UK; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58073
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Impactos da influenza aviária no mercado internacional de carnes AgEcon
Valente, Luiza Carneiro Mareti; Gomes, Marilia Fernandes Maciel; Campos, Antonio Carvalho.
Animal infectious disease outbreaks as Avian Influenza, Foot and mouth disease and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy can influence trade and bring economic consequences to affected countries. For this reason, this work aims to analyze the effects on meat import demand in the years of 1997 and 2003 to 2005, the Avian Influenza outbreaks period. The analytical framework used was panel data econometrics. The results point to a reduction on chicken meat demand in 1997 and increase to the other meats, indicating a possible substitution. From 2003 on, chicken meat demand showed slight increase, as did pig meat, only bovine meat demand showed a reduction. This fact can be explained by a restriction on bovine and chicken supply caused by the imposition of sanitary...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Avian Influenza; Import demand; Beef; Chicken meat; Panel data; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94837
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IMPORT DEMAND FOR DISAGGREGATED FRESH FRUITS IN JAPAN AgEcon
Schmitz, Troy G.; Seale, James L., Jr..
Using annual Japanese fresh fruit import data from 1971 to 1997, this study analyzes the import patterns of Japan's seven most popular fresh fruits by implementing and testing a general differential dmand system that nests four alternative import demand specifications. When tested against the general system using the five-good case (bananas, grapefutis, oranges, and lemons and aggregating pineapples, berries, and grapes), the analysis rejects the Almost Ideal Demand System and National Bureau of Research specifications but does not reject Rotterdam and Central Bureau of Statistics models. When estimated using the six-good case (bananas, grapefuits, oranges, lemons, and pineapples and aggregating berries and grapes), the analysis rejects all...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Almost Ideal Demand System; Consumer demand; Fruit; Import demand; Japan; Rotterdam; Demand and Price Analysis; C3; F1; Q0.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15081
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Import Demand for Disaggregated Fresh Fruits in Japan AgEcon
Schmitz, Troy G.; Seale, James L., Jr..
Using annual Japanese fresh fruit import data from 1971-1997, this study analyzes the import patterns of Japan's seven most popular fresh fruits by implementing and testing a general differential demand system that nests four alternative import demand specifications. When tested against the general system using the five-good case (bananas, grapefruits, oranges, and lemons and aggregating pineapples, berries, and grapes), the analysis rejects the AIDS and NBR specifications, but does not reject Rotterdam and CBS. When estimated using the six-good case (bananas, grapefruits, oranges, lemons, pineapples, and aggregating berries and grapes), the analysis rejects all specifications except the Rotterdam model.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Almost Ideal Demand System; Consumer demand; Fruit; Import demand; Japan; Rotterdam model; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15639
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Import Demand for Horticultural Commodities in Developed and Emerging Countries AgEcon
Rickard, Bradley J.; St. Pierre, Christine M.; Becker, Gabriel M..
International trade of horticultural commodities is increasingly important in many regions of the world, yet import patterns of key horticultural crops are understudied in the agricultural economics literature. Using data between 1991 and 2005, we estimate the drivers of per capita import demand for six of the most highly traded horticultural commodities. The own price elasticity estimates were negative in all import demand models and, in most cases, the effects were statistically stronger for importers in emerging countries. Import demand for horticultural commodities in developed countries has been driven primarily by prices and the level of trade openness while income and diet considerations were more important in emerging countries. Furthermore, our...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Emerging markets; Horticultural commodities; Import demand; International trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51175
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IMPORT DEMAND SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF THE SOUTH KOREAN WINE MARKET WITH THE SOURCE DIFFERENTATED AIDS MODEL AgEcon
Lee, Young-Jae; Kennedy, P. Lynn; Hilbun, Brian M..
Under the assumption of block substitutability and partial aggregation, a source differentiated AIDS model was used to estimate South Korean wine import demand. Empirical results indicate that South Korean wine consumers have a strong preference for high quality French wines. French wines are shown to be substitutes for wines from other countries in the South Korean wine market. Since the implementation of a free trade agreement between South Korea and Chile, Chilean wines have steadily increased their market share exhibiting strong price competitiveness in the South Korean wine market.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Wine; AIDS; Block substitutability; Import demand; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6345
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International Trade and Competitiveness of Lake Victoria Fillets in the EU AgEcon
Muhammad, Andrew.
Given the importance of EU demand for chilled fish fillets to the exporting sectors in Tanzania and Uganda, this study estimated the EU’s import demand for fillets by country of origin to assess the competitiveness of exporters. Results imply that prices in Tanzania and Uganda had an insignificant impact on total imports expenditures in the EU. Conditional and unconditional cross-price effects indicated that exports from Lake Victoria did not compete with exports from other suppliers, such as Iceland, Norway and ROW. Import demand forecasts showed that market share in the EU should remain relatively unchanged given the trend in prices.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fillets; Import demand; EU; Lake Victoria; International Relations/Trade; F17; Q17; Q11.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9363
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