SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System

Cooray, Arusha.

This paper uses two models: an open economy model and a closed economy model to estimate a price equation for Sri Lanka. The results suggest greater support for the open economy model. Consistent with previous studies for Sri Lanka, supply side factors appear to be important in influencing the general price level in Sri Lanka.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Sri Lanka; Inflation; Price; Nested - non nested models; Cointegration; Error correction; Farm Management; E31; E64; C51; C52.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50017

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System 2009

This 2008 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system. It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide: an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system; a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system. The 2008 report begins with a special feature describing recent developments in global commodity markets when prices rose dramatically over the past year. It continues by reviewing each segment of the system, going upstream from consumers to food distribution, food, beverage and...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agri-food; Gross Domestic Product; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Farm income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46805

Commodity Price Pass-Through in Differentiated Retail Food Markets

This 2009 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system. It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide: an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system; a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system. Charts and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators. The 2009 report begins with a special feature which describes indicators to benchmark competitiveness of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food sector at the...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agri-food; Competitiveness; Consumers; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59885

Richards, Timothy J.; Allender, William J.; Pofahl, Geoffrey M..

Prices for nearly all basic commodity rose at unprecedented rates throughout early 2008, only to fall nearly as fast as financial markets and global economies began to collapse. Rising food prices in 2008 led to concerns that commodity price spikes would lead to more general food inflation, but by early 2009 interest focused more on the seeming inability of food prices to fall back down with commodity prices. This study provides an empirical investigation into the pass-through of commodity prices to retail prices for two different types of food products: potatoes and fluid milk. The results show that pass-through depends on the nature of the food in question, but is generally consistent with theoretical models of pricing by sellers of multiple,...

Decisiones de precio en alta inflación: una revisión

Palavras-chave: Commodity prices; Conduct; Industrial organization; Inflation; Market power; Nested logit; Pass-through; Random parameters model; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; C35; D12; D43; L13; L41; Q13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61187

Paredes, Carlos E..

Este documento revisa un modelo de determinacióln de precios en un entorno de alta inflación e incertidumbre. Se centra en el análisis de los efectos del cambio en el nivel de incertidumbre sobre la tasa "óptima" de inflación. Propone, además, una línea de investigación para comprobar la validez empírica del modelo.

EMPLOYMENT IN AGRIBUSINESS AND PURCHASES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS: THE EFFECTS OF MONETIZATION IN YUGOSLAVIA

Palavras-chave: Politica de precios; Modelos econometricos; Inflacion; Peru; Prices policy; Econometric models; Inflation; Financial Economics; E31.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42290

Miljkovic, Dragan; Garcia, Roberto J..

Efforts to stabilized employment and output in the agricultural sector of Yugoslavia through monetization contributed to inflationary pressures. Granger causality tests suggested that increases in the rate of growth in the supply of money to subsidize state-owned agribusiness were insufficient to maintain purchases of wheat and corn, but did cause purchases of cattle and swine. This result may be explained by producers having more flexibility in grain marketing (i.e., storage options and private buyers) and the perishability issues related to livestock marketing. The policy to maintain employment through monetization is shown to have been ineffective.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Employment; Granger causality; Inflation; Money supply; State purchases; Yugoslavia; Agribusiness.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15123

ESTIMATING THE VARIANCE OF FOOD PRICE INFLATION

Blisard, Noel; Blaylock, James R..

Stochastic index theory views each commodity price change as an independent observation on the rate of inflation that can be estimated by averaging over all prices. Our methodology estimates both the overall rate of inflation and relative price changes along with standard errors.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food prices; Index numbers; Inflation; Demand and Price Analysis.

Ano: 1993

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15217

Estimation of General and Commodity-Specific Inflation Rates Using Linear Time-Varying Constraints

Rao, D.S. Prasada; Doran, Howard E.; Selvanathan, E.A..

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating general and commodity-specific inflation rates by the stochastic approach considered in Clements and Izan (1987) and Selvanathan (1989). In order to achieve identification of commodity-specific rates, a linear constraint usually is imposed, and to make it operational, the constraint is generally imposed at an average over the time periods in the series. This paper uses recently developed methodology for estimation of econometric models with time-varying constraints (O’Donnel, Rambaldi, and Doran) to relax the constraint imposed at average shares and to derive commodity-specific inflation rates.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Generalized inverses; Index number; Inflation; Stochastic approach; Time-varying constraints.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43283

EXAMINING THE CRB INDEX AS AN INDICATOR FOR U.S. INFLATION

Acharya, Ram N.; Gentle, Paul F.; Mishra, Ashok K.; Paudel, Krishna P..

This paper analyzes historical movements in the commodity futures market and the relationship to inflation. Specifically, the relationship between the Commodity Research Bureau (CRB) Index and United States inflation is investigated. It is said that the relationship between the CRB index and the U.S. inflation rate was greater in the some periods than in another period. Then in recent times the CRB Index has proven to be a reliable early indicator of inflation. As the composition of the United States economy changes, the Commodity Research Bureau must make adjustments in order to provide a viable service.

Fiscal Deficits, Inflation and Economic Growth in a Successful Open Developing Economy

Palavras-chave: CRB index; Commodities Research Bureau; Inflation; Vector Autoregression; Marketing; Public Economics; E00; E30.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6760

How Much Did Speculation Contribute to Recent Food Price Inflation?

Tan, Eu Chye.

This paper primarily seeks to establish whether long- and short-run relationships prevail between fiscal deficits on one hand and inflation and economic growth on the other in a developing economy such as Malaysia. The Malaysian economy has gained international acclaim as one of the successfully managed. Econometric methodology involving the Johansen cointegration and Granger causality techniques and annual data spanning generally from 1966 through 2003 have been mobilized for the purpose. The empirical results suggest that fiscal deficits could have an inflationary impact on the Malaysian economy as they are being monetized though no long run relationship exists amongst fiscal deficits, money supply and the price level. Fiscal deficits also appear to have...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Deficits; Growth; Inflation; International Development; E60; H30; H61; H62.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50285

Amanor-Boadu, Vincent; Zereyesus, Yacob Abrehe.

Recent increases in commodity prices have led to calls for the regulation of speculators. These calls have come from many reputable quarters including leading agricultural and food policy institutions such as International Food Policy Research Institute as well as different members of the U.S. Congress. They are based on an assumption that speculative activities are a primary or major source of the volatility in the markets and that controlling these activities through regulations would bring more stability to the market. The paper tests this hypothesis and assesses the contribution of speculative activities in the commodity markets over the past decade to price inflation. The paper argues that government regulatory policies to control speculation in...

Identifying Student Success at a Land Grant Institution

Palavras-chave: Speculators; Inflation; Prices; ARIMA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46841

Holmgren, Mark; McCracken, Vicki A..

Many higher education institutions use admission criteria to match students with the educational requirements of the institution, thereby increasing the level of success of their students and allocating limited enrollment space in some cases. This study uses two different approaches to identify the affect students’ background characteristics have on first year cumulative GPA, and whether differences exist in the impact of high school grades on success in their first year in college between high schools in the state of Washington. Results show that students’ particular high schools systematically perform better or worse than the model predicts, holding the other characteristics of the students constant including their high school GPA. This suggests the...

Impact of export control policy measures in an attempt to tame Argentina's inflation

Palavras-chave: Higher education; Inflation; Student success; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; I23.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61701

Rossi, Paula; Kagatsume, Masaru; Prosperi, Maurizio.

Starting in mid 2004 and as a result of an increasing domestic and foreign demand, pressure was put on prices of a staple food in Argentina: beef. The government reacted by launching an aggressive plan to fight inflation which included prices control programs, slaughter restrictions and finally, when these measures were not enough, export bans. But such policies, in any case, are short-run, circumstantial measures that do not attack the root of the problem. When it is true that hadnt had the government intervened in the sector both farm and retail prices would have been higher than what they were, the cost of the intervention has been harmful for the economy and it did not solve the real structural problem. Cattlemen blame the government that the constant...

Impact of Government Payments, Depreciation and Inflation on Investment Behavior in American Agriculture Sector Using Sample of Kansas Farms

Palavras-chave: Argentina; Beef; Inflation; Export ban; Production; Trade.; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7853

Ariyaratne, Chatura B.; Featherstone, Allen M..

A farm’s physical investment is affected by its fundamental q and by its financial situation, with the later comprising both the firm’s liquidity and its possibility of facing capital market imperfections. This study determines the effects of government payments, depreciation, and inflation on crop farm machinery and equipment investment behavior employing the Nonlinear Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) estimator to estimate the investment system. The magnitude of the lagged cash flows such as government payments, cash crop income, and grain income were largely responsible for determining farm investment behavior in the Kansas agriculture sector. An increase in lagged machinery and equipment depreciation and lagged farm motor vehicle and listed property...

Inflation differentials among Ugandan household: 1997 - 2007

Palavras-chave: Investment; Liquidity; Fundamental q; Government payments; Depreciation; Inflation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49301

Okidi, John A.; Nsubuga, Vincent.

Since the structural adjustment days of the 1990s, targeting inflation to single digit rates has remained a predominant feature of Uganda’s macroeconomic strategy towards creating and sustaining an enabling environment for poverty-reducing growth. One of the most commonly advanced arguments for this inflation targeting strategy is the minimization of the erosion of the purchasing power of the poor. Implicit in this argument is the concern that inflation hurts the poor the most. However, since different consumers purchase different bundles of goods and services depending on personal and location-specific socioeconomic characteristics, when inflation rises beyond the targeted range, it is not obvious which income group experiences a relatively higher rate of...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Inflation; EPRC; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Public Economics.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102497

Inflationary Effect of Oil-Price Shocks in an Imperfect Market: A Partial Transmission Input-output Analysis

Wu, Libo; Li, Jing; Zhang, ZhongXiang.

This paper aims to examine the impacts of oil-price shocks on China’s price levels. To that end, we develop a partial transmission input-output model that captures the uniqueness of the Chinese market. We hypothesize and simulate price control, market factors and technology substitution - the three main factors that restrict the functioning of a price pass-through mechanism during oil-price shocks. Using the models of both China and the U.S., we separate the impact of price control from those of other factors leading to China’s price stickiness under oil-price shocks. The results show a sharp contrast between China and the U.S., with price control in China significantly preventing oil-price shocks from spreading into its domestic inflation, especially in...

Planck 2018 results: IX. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity

Palavras-chave: Oil-price Shocks; Price Transmission; Price Control; Input-output Analysis; Inflation; Industrial Structure; China; The United States; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q43; Q41; Q48; O13; O53; P22; E31.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102507

ArchiMer

Akrami, Y.; Arroja, F.; Ashdown, M.; Aumont, J.; Baccigalupi, C.; Ballardini, M.; Banday, A. J.; Barreiro, R. B.; Bartolo, N.; Basak, S.; Benabed, K.; Bernard, J. -p.; Bersanelli, M.; Bielewicz, P.; Bond, J. R.; Borrill, J.; Bouchet, F. R.; Bucher, M.; Burigana, C.; Butler, R. C.; Calabrese, E.; Cardoso, J. -f.; Casaponsa, B.; Challinor, A.; Chiang, H. C.; Colombo, L. P. L.; Combet, C.; Crill, B. P.; Cuttaia, F.; De Bernardis, P.; De Rosa, A.; De Zotti, G.; Delabrouille, J.; Delouis, Jean Marc; Di Valentino, E.; Diego, J. M.; Dore, O.; Douspis, M.; Ducout, A.; Dupac, X.; Dusini, S.; Efstathiou, G.; Elsner, F.; Ensslin, T. A.; Eriksen, H. K.; Fantaye, Y.; Fergusson, J.; Fernandez-cobos, R.; Finelli, F.; Frailis, M.; Fraisse, A. A.; Franceschi, E.; Frolov, A.; Galeotta, S.; Galli, S.; Ganga, K.; Genova-santos, R. T.; Gerbino, M.; Gonzalez-nuevo, J.; Gorski, K. M.; Gratton, S.; Gruppuso, A.; Gudmundsson, J. E.; Hamann, J.; Handley, W.; Hansen, F. K.; Herranz, D.; Hivon, E.; Huang, Z.; Jaffe, A. H.; Jones, W. C.; Jung, G.; Keihanen, E.; Keskitalo, R.; Kiiveri, K.; Kim, J.; Krachmalnicoff, N.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-suonio, H.; Lamarre, J. -m.; Lasenby, A.; Lattanzi, M.; Lawrence, C. R.; Le Jeune, M.; Levrier, F.; Lewis, A.; Liguori, M.; Lilje, P. B.; Lindholm, V.; Lopez-caniego, M.; Ma, Y. -z.; Macias-perez, J. F.; Maggio, G.; Maino, D.; Mandolesi, N.; Marcos-caballero, A.; Maris, M.; Martin, Pg; Martinez-gonzalez, E.; Matarrese, S.; Mauri, N.; Mcewen, J. D.; Meerburg, P. D.; Meinhold, P. R.; Melchiorri, A.; Mennella, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Miville-deschenes, M. -a.; Molinari, D.; Moneti, A.; Montier, L.; Morgante, G.; Moss, A.; Munchmeyer, M.; Natoli, P.; Oppizzi, F.; Pagano, L.; Paoletti, D.; Partridge, B.; Patanchon, G.; Perrotta, F.; Pettorino, V.; Piacentini, F.; Polenta, G.; Puget, J. -l.; Rachen, J. P.; Racine, B.; Reinecke, M.; Remazeilles, M.; Renzi, A.; Rocha, G.; Rubino-martin, J. A.; Ruiz-granados, B.; Salvati, L.; Savelainen, M.; Scott, D.; Shellard, E. P. S.; Shiraishi, M.; Sirignano, C.; Sirri, G.; Smith, K.; Spencer, L. D.; Stanco, L.; Sunyaev, R.; Suur-uski, A. -s.; Tauber, J. A.; Tavagnacco, D.; Tenti, M.; Toffolatti, L.; Tomasi, M.; Trombetti, T.; Valiviita, J.; Van Tent, B.; Vielva, P.; Villa, F.; Vittorio, N.; Wandelt, B. D.; Wehus, I. K.; Zacchei, A.; Zonca, A..

We analyse the Planck full-mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E-mode polarization maps to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). We compare estimates obtained from separable template-fitting, binned, and optimal modal bispectrum estimators, finding consistent values for the local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes. Our combined temperature and polarization analysis produces the following final results: (local)(NL) = -0.9 +/- 5.1 f NL local = - 0.9 +/- 5.1 ; f(NL)(equil) = -26 +/- 47 f NL equil = - 26 +/- 47 ; and f(NL)(ortho) = -38 +/- 24 f NL ortho = - 38 +/- 24 (68% CL, statistical). These results include low-multipole (4 <= l< 40) polarization data that are not included in our previous...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Cosmic background radiation; Cosmology: observations; Cosmology: theory; Early Universe; Inflation; Methods: data analysis.

Ano: 2020

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00654/76635/77783.pdf

Precios, costos y desequilibrio monetario: la experiencia peruana 1981-1988

Escobal D'Angelo, Javier; Saavedra Chanduvi, Jaime.

Este documento analiza el proceso inflacionario en el Perú durante el período 1981-1988. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran la necesidad de profundizar el estudio de los distintos mecanismos que lo impulsan. Asimismo, se evalúa la importancia de las presiones de costos y de demanda en distintos momentos del ciclo económico y se discute la importancia de los procesos inerciales.

RESTAURANT PRICES AND THE MINIMUM WAGE

Palavras-chave: Inflacion; Precios; Costos; Modelos econometricos; Inflation; Prices; Costs; Econometric models; Peru; Financial Economics; E31; R15.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42286

Fougere, Denis; Gautier, Erwan; Le Bihan, Herve.

We examine the effect of the minimum wage on restaurant prices. For that purpose, we estimate a price rigidity model by exploiting a unique data set of individual price quotes used to calculate the Consumer Price Index in France. We find a positive and significant impact of the minimum wage on prices. We obtain that the effect of the minimum wage on prices is very protracted. The aggregate impact estimated with our model takes more than a year to fully pass through to retail prices.

Sesgos en la medición de la inflación en contextos inflacionarios: el caso peruano

Palavras-chave: Price stickiness; Minimum wage; Inflation; Restaurant prices; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44084

Escobal D'Angelo, Javier; Castillo, Marco.

La posible sobrevaluación del Indice de Precios al Consumidor de Lima Metropolitana ha sido un problema que ha venido preocupando tanto a académicos como a tomadores de decisiones y a la opinión pública en general desde hace ya algún tiempo. Muchos desconocen que la sobreestimación del Producto Bruto Interno per cápita y del retraso cambiario, o la subestimación de la presión tributaria, tiene su origen en el mismo problema de medición del IPC. Sin embargo, la existencia de dichos sesgos es reconocida cada vez más como asuntos que necesitan ser urgentemente abordados y solucionados. Entender la naturaleza exacta de estos problemas es indispensable si se pretende corregirlos adecuadamente. Este documento parte de la teoría de los índices del costo de vida...