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| Carrasco-Letelier,Leonidas; Mendoza,Yamandu; Ramallo,Gustavo. |
| This work studies the acute contact toxicity of oxalic acid (OA) on a honeybee polyhybrid subspecies (Apis mellifera), which is the dominant biotype in southwestern zone of Uruguay (SWZU) and the country's most important honey-producing region. We determined the mean lethal dose (LD50), as well as the no observed effect level (NOEL) and the lowest observed effect level (LOEL) values. We also estimated the total number of honeybees per hive in the test area. The aim was to assess the relationship between the maximum OA dose used in Uruguay (3.1 g OA per hive) and the toxicological parameters of honeybees from SWZU. The current dose of 3.1 g OA per hive corresponds to 132.8 OA per honeybee since determined NOEL is 400 OA per honeybee; our results indicate... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: LD50; Uruguay. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000200019 |
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| Duan,Hai-long; He,Qi-yi; Zhou,Bin; Wang,Wen-wen; Li,Bo; Zhang,Ying-zheng; Deng,Qiu-ping; Zhang,Ying-feng; Yu,Xiao-dong. |
| Abstract Background Snakebite incidence in southwestern China is mainly attributed to one of the several venomous snakes found in the country, the white-lipped green pit viper Trimeresurus albolabris. Since antivenom produced from horses may cause numerous clinical side effects, the present study was conducted aiming to develop an alternative antivenom antibody (immunoglobulin Y - IgY) from leghorn chickens. Methods IgY in egg yolk from white leghorn chicken previously injected with T. albolabris venom was extracted by water, precipitated by ammonium sulfate and purified by affinity chromatographic system. IgY was identified by SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot, and its neutralizing assay was conducted on mice. Results Chickens injected multiple times... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: IgY; Egg yolk; Snake venom; Trimeresurus albolabris; LD50. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100316 |
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| Nalbantsoy,A; Karabay-Yavasoglu,NU; Sayim,F; Deliloglu-Gurhan,I; Gocmen,B; Arikan,H; Yildiz,MZ. |
| The venomous Levantine viper, Macrovipera lebetina lebetina is endemic to Cyprus. The objective of this study was to investigate in vitro cytotoxicity, in vivo lethality, and antivenom production followed by a re-immunization schedule in mice against Macrovipera lebetina lebetina venom. The LD50 value was estimated as 7.58 mg/kg within 24 hours by different venom doses administrated intraperitoneally in mice. Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvants were used for first and second immunization of mice in antivenom production. A cell-based assay was performed to determine the effects of Macrovipera lebetina lebetina venom and antivenom neutralizing potency on L929 cell viability. The snake venom toxicity and cytotoxicity were examined and comparison of... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Macrovipera lebetina lebetina; LD50; Lethality; Snake venom; Antivenom. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000200011 |
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| Nadolski,Jerzy. |
| Background Lethal dose 50% is a classical index of toxicity that usually employs small rodents as experimental animals. Therefore, scarce data are available on the effects of venom on invertebrates, particularly the impact of wasp venom on its own species. Findings In the present study, the lethality of Vespa crabro venom on its own species was studied. Lethal dose 50% values of crude venom on workers of hornet Vespa crabro were estimated to be 4.0 mg/kg of body weight. Conclusions Wasps can use their venom apparatus effectively when attacking foreign workers that appear in the immediate vicinity of their nest. The toxins released during stinging are potent enough to kill. The result of this study eliminates the popular myth that venomous animals can be... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: European hornet; Vespa crabro; Hornet venoms; LD50. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992013000100401 |
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| MB,Pucca; EC,Roncolato; LB,Campos; FS,Fernandes; GR,Mendes; TB,Bertolini; FA,Cerni; JE,Barbosa. |
| Among the various methods for evaluating animal venom toxicity, the calculation of the median lethal dose (LD50) is the most widely used. Although different protocols can be used to calculate the LD50, the source of the venom and the method of extraction, as well as the strain, age, and sex of the animal model employed, should be taken into consideration. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of sex and age on the toxicity of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom in Swiss mice. Although the symptoms of envenomation were similar in male and female animals, female mice proved to be more resistant to the venom. In females, age had no impact on the susceptibility to scorpion envenomation. Male mice were more sensitive to T. serrulatus... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Scorpions; LD50; Stings; Age factors; Gender. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000300013 |
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| Salmanizadeh,Hossein; Babaie,Mahdi; Zolfagharian,Hossein. |
| Background The venom of the family Viperidae, including the saw-scaled viper, is rich in serine proteinases and metalloproteinases, which affect the nervous system, complementary system, blood coagulation, platelet aggregation and blood pressure. One of the most prominent effects of the snake venom of Echis carinatus (Ec) is its coagulation activity, used for killing prey. Materials and methods Subfractions F1A and F1B were isolated from Ec crude venom by a combination of gel chromatography (Sephadex G-75) and ion exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sepharose (DE-52). These subfractions were then intravenously (IV) injected into NIH male mice. Blood samples were taken before and after the administration of these subfractions. Times for prothrombin, partial... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Snake venom; Procoagulant activity; Blood coagulation; Echis carinatus; Chromatography; LD50. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992013000100302 |
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