SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Cereda,Rosângela Ferraz; Azevedo,Heber Dias; Girardello,Raquel; Xavier,Danilo Elias; Gales,Ana C.

Ceftobiprole is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin with potent activity against staphylococci, including those resistant to oxacillin, as well as against most Gram-negative bacilli including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, the in vitro activity of ceftobiprole and comparator agents was tested against bacterial isolates recently collected from Brazilian private hospitals. A total of 336 unique bacterial isolates were collected from hospitalized patients between February 2008 and August 2009. Each hospital was asked to submit 100 single bacterial isolates responsible for causing blood, lower respiratory tract or skin and soft tissue infections. Bacterial identification was confirmed and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using CLSI...

Case-case-control study of risk factors for nasopharyngeal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical-surgical intensive care unit

Palavras-chave: Cephalosporins; Brazil; Gram-negative aerobic bacteria; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000400007

Melo,Edson Carvalho de; Fortaleza,Carlos Magno Castelo Branco.

Nasopharyngeal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) often precedes the development of nosocomial infections. In order to identify risk factors for MRSA colonization, we conducted a case-case-control study, enrolling 122 patients admitted to a medical-surgical intensive care unit (ICU). All patients had been screened for nasopharyngeal colonization with S. aureus upon admission and weekly thereafter. Two case-control studies were performed, using as cases patients who acquired colonization with MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), respectively. For both studies, patients in whom colonization was not detected during ICU stay were selected as control subjects. Several potential risk factors were assessed in...

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA): molecular background, virulence, and relevance for public health

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Nasopharyngeal colonization; Intensive care unit.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000600002

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.

Bonesso,MF; Marques,SA; Cunha,MLRS.

Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) are frequently found in nosocomial environments as the main pathogen in several infections. In 1961, reports of nosocomial S. aureus resistant to methicillin, the drug of choice against penicillin-resistant strains, required new alternatives and vancomycin started being used to treat infections caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) was first reported in 1990 affecting patients without risk factors for infection with MRSA of hospital origin. MRSA of community origin harbor the genes responsible for the synthesis of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a toxin associated with skin and soft tissue infections and that...

Contamination of environmental surfaces by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in rooms of inpatients with MRSA-positive body sites

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MecA gene; Oxacillin; Panton-Valentine leukocidin; Drug resistance; Epidemiology.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000400004

BJM

Kurashige,E. Jessica Ohashi; Oie,Shigeharu; Furukawa,H..

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can contaminate environmental surfaces that are frequently touched by the hands of patients with MRSA colonization/infection. There have been many studies in which the presence or absence of MRSA contamination was determined but no studies in which MRSA contamination levels were also evaluated in detail. We evaluated MRSA contamination of environmental surfaces (overbed tables, bed side rails, and curtains) in the rooms of inpatients from whom MRSA was isolated via clinical specimens. We examined the curtains within 7-14 days after they had been newly hung. The environmental surfaces were wiped using gauze (molded gauze for wiping of surface bacteria; 100% cotton, 4 cm × 8 cm) moistened with...

Efficacy of a program of prevention and control for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in an intensive-care unit

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Curtain; Overbed table; Bed side rail; Contamination.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000300703

Moreira,Marina; Freitas,Marise R.; Martins,Sinaida T.; Castelo,Adauto; Medeiros,Eduardo Alexandrino Servolo.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is endemic in most Brazilian Hospitals, and there are few studies which show the efficacy of control measures in such situations. This study evaluated intensive care unit (ICU) patients, in two years divided in control, intervention and post-intervention group. Intervention measures: hands-on educational programs for healthcare workers; early identification of MRSA infected or colonized patients, labeled with a bed-identification tag for contact isolation; nasal carriers, patients, and healthcare professionals treated with topical mupirocin for five days. The hospital infection rates in the control period were compared to the ones in the post-intervention period. Hospital infection rates were found by...

Genotyping of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained in the Northeast region of Brazil

Palavras-chave: MRSA; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Intensive care unit infections.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000100015

Sousa-Junior,F.C. de; Silva-Carvalho,M.C.; Fernandes,M.J.B.C.; Vieira,M.F.P.; Pellegrino,F.L.P.C.; Figueiredo,A.M.S.; Melo,M.C.N. de; Milan,E.P..

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major agent of hospital infections worldwide. In Brazil, a multiresistant MRSA lineage (ST239-SCCmecIIIA), the so-called Brazilian epidemic clone (BEC), has predominated in all regions. However, an increase in nosocomial infections caused by non-multiresistant MRSA clones has recently been observed. In the present study, 45 clinical isolates of MRSA obtained from a university hospital located in Natal city, Brazil, were identified by standard laboratory methods and molecularly characterized using staphylococcal chromosome cassette mec (SCCmec) typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using CLSI methods. The MRSA isolates studied displayed a...

Hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the PVL gene outbreak in a Public Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA; Antimicrobial resistance; Brazilian epidemic clone; Pediatric clone; SCCmecIV.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009001000002

BJM

Brust,Társis; Costa,Thaina Miranda da; Amorim,José Carlos; Asensi,Marise Dutra; Fernandes,Octavio; Aguiar-Alves,Fábio.

Hospital associated methicillin-resist Staphylococcus aureus has long been associated to outbreaks in the hospital environment. In this work, we investigated an outbreak of Hospital associated methicillin-resist Staphylococcus aureus carrying the Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene, which occurred in a large community hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Incidence and treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection in cystic fibrosis patients: a cohort study

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Nasal colonization; Genotypes; PVL.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000300031

Bittencourt,Paloma Horejs; Pimentel,Carlos Sidney Silva; Bonfim,Bianca Sampaio; Marostica,Paulo José; Souza,Edna Lúcia.

Abstract In Brazil the knowledge about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in cystic fibrosis patients is scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence of respiratory tract colonization and the identification rates after a standardized treatment. A retrospective cohort was performed highlighting the history of respiratory colonizations between January 2008 and June 2015. Patients under the age of 21 years with cystic fibrosis confirmed by sweat test or genetic study receiving care at the outpatient clinics of a Teaching Hospital were included. The treatment consisted of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin, nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine 2%. The mean follow-up period was of 22.2 months and those with ≥3 negative cultures...

Length of exposure to the hospital environment is more important than antibiotic exposure in healthcare associated infections by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a comparative study

Palavras-chave: Antibiotic therapy; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Brazil; Pediatrics: therapy.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000100107

Baraboutis,Ioannis G; Tsagalou,Eleftheria P; Papakonstantinou,Ilias; Marangos,Markos N; Gogos,Charalambos; Skoutelis,Athanasios T; Bassaris,Haralambos; Johnson,Stuart.

OBJECTIVES: Both total antimicrobial use and specific antimicrobials have been implicated as risk factors for healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HCA-MRSA) infection. The aims of this study were: (I) to explore predictors of a new HCA-MRSA infection in comparison with a new healthcare-associated methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (HCA-MSSA); (II) to thoroughly assess the role of recent antibiotic use qualitatively and quantitatively. METHODS: The time-period for our study was from October 1997 through September 2001. Through applying strict criteria, we identified two groups of inpatients, one with a new HCA-MRSA infection and one with a new HCA-MSSA infection. We recorded demographic, clinical and antibiotic...

Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus; Antibacterial agents; Fluoroquinolones.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000500003

Carvalho,Karinne Spirandelli; Mamizuka,Elsa Masae; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an established nosocomial pathogen (HA-MRSA, hospital acquired MRSA), but has recently begun to appear in the community (CA-MRSA, community acquired MRSA). The cause of resistance to methicillin and all other β-lactam antibiotics is the mecA gene, which is situated on a mobile genetic element, the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec). Seven major variants of SCCmec, type I to VII are distinguished. HA-MRSA disseminated worldwide and causes the majority of S. aureus nosocomial infections with a limited number of clones disseminated including the Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC, ST239-MRSA-III). CA-MRSA isolates are susceptible to non-β-lactam antibiotics, usually isolated from healthy individuals which...

Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospital and community environments in northeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Nosocomial infections and community infections.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000100014

Carvalho,Suzi P. de; Almeida,Jéssica B. de; Andrade,Yasmin M.F.S.; Silva,Lucas S.C. da; Chamon,Raiane C.; Santos,Kátia R.N. dos; Marques,Lucas M..

ABSTRACT This study characterized 30 MRSA isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) environment and equipment surfaces and healthy children. The SCCmec types I, IVa and V were detected in HA-MRSA isolates while CA-MRSA showed the SCCmec type IVa and V. Most isolates were classified as agr group II. All isolates presented the sei gene, and only HA-MRSA were positive for etb e tst genes. Three genotypes were related to Pediatric (ST5/SCCmecIV) and Berlin (ST45/SCCmecIV) clones. The present study showed molecular similarity between CA- and HA-MRSA isolates in hospital and community settings in a Brazilian region.

New multilocus sequence typing of MRSA in São Paulo, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; CA-MRSA; HA-MRSA; Molecular typing.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000200134

Carmo,M.S.; Inoue,F.; Andrade,S.S.; Paschoal,L.; Silva,F.M.; Oliveira,V.G.S.; Pignatari,A.C.C..

An increased incidence of nosocomial and community-acquired infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been observed worldwide. The molecular characterization of MRSA has played an important role in demonstrating the existence of internationally disseminated clones. The use of molecular biology methods in the surveillance programs has enabled the tracking of MRSA spread within and among hospitals. These data are useful to alert nosocomial infection control programs about the potential introduction of these epidemic clones in their areas. Four MRSA blood culture isolates from patients hospitalized at two hospitals in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed; one of them was community acquired. The isolates were...

PCR-based ribotyping of Staphylococcus aureus

Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Molecular sequence typing; Resistance; Molecular typing.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011001000006

Oliveira,A.M.; Ramos,M.C..

Genotyping techniques are valuable tools for the epidemiologic study of Staphylococcus aureus infections in the hospital setting. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is the current method of choice for S. aureus strain typing. However, the method is laborious and requires expensive equipment. In the present study, we evaluated the natural polymorphism of the genomic 16S-23S rRNA region for genotyping purpose, by PCR-based ribotyping. Three primer pairs were tested to determine the size of amplicons produced and to obtain better discrimination with agar gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. The resolution of the typing system was determined using sets of bacteria obtained from clinical specimens from a large tertiary care hospital. These...

Use of molecular epidemiology to monitor the nosocomial dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001

Palavras-chave: Staphylococcus aureus; PCR ribotyping; Genotyping; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000200005

Beretta,A.L.R.Z.; Trabasso,P.; Stucchi,R.B.; Moretti,M.L..

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been the cause of major outbreaks and epidemics among hospitalized patients, with high mortality and morbidity rates. We studied the genomic diversity of MRSA strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infection in a University Hospital from 1991 to 2001. The study consisted of two periods: period I, from 1991 to 1993 and period II from 1995 to 2001. DNA was typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the similarity among the MRSA strains was determined by cluster analysis. During period I, 73 strains presented five distinctive DNA profiles: A, B, C, D, and E. Profile A was the most frequent DNA pattern and was identified in 55 (75.3%) strains; three closely related and four possibly related...