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| Trenkel, Verena; Rochet, Marie-joelle. |
| Using indicator time series for assessment and management requires methods for characterising recent time trends. We propose an approach where first the indicator time series is smoothed using a generalised additive model with optimal selection of the degree of smoothness. Second an intersection-union test is carried out using two test statistics which are the occurrence of the global maximum (or minimum) within the most recent years and the signs of the estimated annual first derivatives of the smoothed indicator times series during the same period, including years with missing data. The proposed test is applied to fish abundance indices for the North Sea, for which it is they are able to pick up changes happening during the last 3-5 years in contrast to... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Composite test; Assessment; Fisheries management; Metrics; Time trend. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6234.pdf |
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| SALOMÃO,NATÁLIA V.; MACHADO,EVANDRO L.M.; PEREIRA,RAFAELLA S.; FERNANDES,GERALDO W.; GONZAGA,ANNE P.D.; MUCIDA,DANIELLE P.; SILVA,LEOVANDES S. DA. |
| Abstract The theory of landscape ecology applied to the methods of spatial analysis helps to understand changes in the structure of forest remnants. In view of this theory, the objective of the present study was to analyze the structure of a fragmented area between the years 1979 and 2015 through calculation of landscape metrics for arboreal, shrubby and herbaceous vegetation classes. Vegetation classes were classified with visits to the field, interpretation of aerial photographs from 1979 and supervised classification of Landsat 8 from 2015. The metrics calculated for each class were area and total number of fragments, total edge and average connectivity among the fragments. The analysis of structure found that it changed negatively due to an increase in... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Landscape; Ecology; Tree; Shrub; Herb; Metrics. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000703353 |
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| Weaver, Robert D.. |
| The architecture of the firm involves determination of a boundary that encompasses the functions managed by the firm. The past decade has seen substantial reorganization of firms where vertical or horizontal integration has been unbundled into weaker forms of collaborations including value chains and networks. This observation has forced a re‐conceptualization of the boundaries of the firm to incorporate such collaborations. These collaborations are virtual and highly dynamic. They emerge and persist when two conditions are met. First, they must enable generation of greater value than might be attained through independent operation and anonymous transactions through markets. Second, the resulting growth must be shared with members in a way that retains... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Networks; Collaboration; Metrics; Productivity; Efficiency; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91142 |
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| Hughes, Francine M. R.; Animal and Environment Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; francine.hughes@anglia.ac.uk; Adams, William M.; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; wa12@cam.ac.uk; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Cambridge, UK; Department of Zoology, Cambridge, UK; Stuart.Butchart@birdlife.org; Field, Rob H.; RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, UK; rob.field@rspb.org.uk; Peh, Kelvin S.-H.; Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; kelvin.peh@gmail.com; Warrington, Stuart; National Trust, Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve, Wicken, Cambridgeshire, UK; stuart.warrington@nationaltrust.org.uk. |
| There is an increasing emphasis on the restoration of ecosystem services as well as of biodiversity, especially where restoration projects are planned at a landscape scale. This increase in the diversity of restoration aims has a number of conceptual and practical implications for the way that restoration projects are monitored and evaluated. Landscape-scale projects require monitoring of not only ecosystem services and biodiversity but also of ecosystem processes since these can underpin both. Using the experiences gained at a landscape-scale wetland restoration project in the UK, we discuss a number of issues that need to be considered, including the choice of metrics for monitoring ecosystem services and the difficulties of assessing the interactions... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Ecosystem processes; Ecosystem services; Landscape-scale; Metrics; Monitoring; Restoration; Valuation; Wicken Fen. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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