SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Whipker, Linda D.; Akridge, Jay T..

Precision technologies are now well-integrated into the agricultural industry – both at the farm level and at the crop input dealer level. No longer are crop input dealers only using the technologies to bring new services to their customers, they are also utilizing the technology in their own businesses to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations. In early 2008, Crop Life magazine and Purdue University’s Center for Food and Agricultural Business conducted a survey for the 13th consecutive year to assess the adoption of precision agriculture practices in the U.S. from the perspective of the retail crop input dealer. The questionnaire was mailed to 2500 retail crop input dealerships across the U.S. A total of 298 questionnaires were...

2009 PRECISION AGRICULTURAL SERVICES DEALERSHIP SURVEY RESULTS

Palavras-chave: Precision agriculture; Geographic information systems (GIS); Crop input dealer; Variable rate application; Site-specific agriculture; Technology adoption.; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q13; O30; L84.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46427

Whipker, Linda D.; Akridge, Jay T..

In the spring of 2009, Crop Life magazine and Purdue University’s Center for Food and Agricultural Business conducted a survey of crop input dealers for the 14th consecutive year. In February, a questionnaire was mailed to 2500 Crop Life retail crop input dealership readers across the US. (See Appendix I to this report for a copy of the questionnaire.) A total of 258 questionnaires were returned, with 241 being usable. This provided an effective response rate of 9.6 percent, the lowest response rate in the 14 year history of the project. (In prior years, response rates have ranged from a high of 38 percent in 1996 to a low of 11 percent in 2001 and 2008.) Consistent with previous surveys, dealerships were asked questions about the types of precision...

A decomposition of China's productivity through calibration of an endogenous growth model

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56111

Luckstead, Jeff; Choi, Seung Mo; Devadoss, Stephen; Mittelhammer, Ronald C..

A New Measure of the Producer Welfare Effects of Technological Change

Palavras-chave: China; IST; Human capital; International Development; O30.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103072

Bullock, David S..

It is well recognized that the statistical reliability of the conventional method of estimating the effects of technological change on producer welfare is often quite poor. I present a method that enhances the statistical reliability of such estimates. I emphasize that when measuring the welfare effects of technological change, valuable information can be gleaned from data on input prices and quantities. This type of data is often available, but the conventional measure typically does not take full advantage of its availability. Letting T0 be some initial level of technology and T1 be a subsequent level, the conventional measure of producer welfare change due to a technology change is the change in the “triangle” area under the price and behind the...

Análisis económico de la “bio-carbonización” como práctica de manejo agrícola

Palavras-chave: Technological change; Producer welfare; Applied welfare economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; O30; O33.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103834

Ramirez, Juan Andres; Rosales Alvarez, Ramon.

Las altas concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero, específicamente CO2, han sido señaladas como la principal causa del cambio climático. La adopción de prácticas agrícolas capaces de incrementar el contenido de carbono en el suelo, ha sido propuesta como una estrategia de bajo costo y disponibilidad inmediata para enfrentar este fenómeno. La Bio-carbonización es una de estas prácticas agrícolas, la cual implica la aplicación de carbón vegetal al suelo, de modo que el carbono queda capturado en una forma altamente recalcitrante al tiempo que se mejora la calidad del suelo. Este artículo es el primero en evaluar la viabilidad financiera y considerar algunos de los efectos económicos de la práctica, estimados para una finca tipo en la altillanura...

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES PROVIDED BY SEASONAL CLIMATE FORECASTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Palavras-chave: Agricultura sostenible; Altillanura colombiana; Análisis costobeneficio; Programación lineal; Secuestro de carbono; Servicios ambientales.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; C6; D60; O30; Q10; Q24; Q50.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60734

Hill, Harvey S.J.; Mjelde, James W..

Use of seasonal climate forecasts is a rapidly evolving area. Effective research and application of climate forecasts require close cooperation between scientists in diverse disciplines and decision makers. Successful collaboration requires all players to at least partially understand each other's perspectives. Issues associated with seasonal forecasts, through a selected review of both physical and social sciences literature, is presented. Our hope is that the review will improve research in this area by stimulating further collaborations.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Climate forecasts; Review; Value of information; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D80; D81; O30; Q00.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15071

Current Contribution of Four Biotechnologies to New Zealand's Primary Sector

Kaye-Blake, William; Saunders, Caroline M.; Emanuelsson, Martin.

Over the last several decades, changes to production technologies have significantly increased output from the primary sector. The contribution of improved genetics has been variously estimated, and the impacts of genetic engineering have received much attention. The present research estimated the economic impact of four modern biotechnologies (other than genetic engineering) on the primary sector. Information from interviews with key informants was incorporated into a cost-benefit analysis to estimate these impacts. The net contribution was estimated at $266 million per year, with impacts spread unevenly through the sector and across biotechnologies.

Environmental Innovations, Local Networks and Internationalization

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cost-benefit analysis; Marker assisted selection; New Zealand; Primary production; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; Q16.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25411

Cainelli, Giulio; Mazzanti, Massimiliano; Montresor, Sandro.

This paper investigates the drivers of the environmental innovations (EI) introduced by firms in local production systems (LPS). The role of firm network relationships, agglomeration economies and internationalization strategies is analysed for a sample of 555 firms in the Emilia-Romagna region, North-East of Italy. Cooperating with ‘qualified’ local actors – i.e. universities and suppliers – is the most important driver of EI for most firms, along with their training policies and IT innovations. The role of agglomeration economies is less clear and seems to depend on the EI propensity of more locally oriented firms playing in district areas, which might even turn agglomeration into dis-economies. Networking effects and agglomeration economies are instead...

Environmental Options and Technological Innovation: An Evolutionary Game Model

Palavras-chave: Eco-Innovation; Foreign Ownership; Networking; District; Agglomeration Economics; Local Production Systems; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; L60; O13; O30; Q20; Q58; F23.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101298

Antoci, Angelo; Borghesi, Simone; Galeotti, Marcello.

This paper analyses the effects on economic agents' behaviour of an innovative environmental protection mechanism that the Public Administration of a tourist region may adopt to attract visitors while protecting the environment. On the one hand, the Public Administration sells to the tourists an environmental call option that gives them the possibility of being (partially or totally) reimbursed if the environmental quality in the region turns out to be below a given threshold level. On the other hand, it offers the firms that adopt an innovative, non-polluting technology an environmental put option that allows them to get a reimbursement for the additional costs imposed by the new technology if the environmental quality is above the threshold level. The...

IMPERIALISM AND COMPETITION IN ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND ECONOMICS: A PERSPECTIVE FROM DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS

Palavras-chave: Environmental Bonds; Call and Put Options; Technological Innovation; Evolutionary Dynamics; Environmental Economics and Policy; C73; D62; G10; O30; Q28.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55289

Ruttan, Vernon W..

In work published in the 1980's Yujro Hayami and I elaborated a theory of institutional innovations in which institutional changes are induced, on the demand side, by changes in relative resource endowments and technical change and, on the supply side, by changes in cultural endowments and advances in social science knowledge. In the mid-1980's I initiated a research program to explore what development economists might learn from research by other social scientists working in the field of development. In this paper I draw on this earlier work, and on related literature to explore the conditions under which interdisciplinary imperialism or interdisciplinary collaboration can be most productive. I argue that when the objective of research is to advance...

Indicadores comparativos de los resultados de la investigación científica y tecnológica en América Latina

Palavras-chave: International Development; O30.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12978

Arregui, Patricia McLauchlan de.

Este documento, buscando describir la situación de la ciencia y tecnología en América Latina, presenta y analiza las principales estadísticas disponibles para medir la producción, la distribución por áreas temáticas, el impacto y la calidad de la investigación científica y tecnológica realizada en América Latina entre 1973 y 1984. El documento contiene, también, una evaluación de los indicadores convencionales de resultados de la investigación (publicaciones, citaciones, patentes y premios científicos), describe las fuentes de donde provienen los datos y la metodología utilizada para la elaboración de los resultados presentados.

Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation in Developing Countries: Evidence from Panel Data

Palavras-chave: Ciencia y tecnologia; Investigacion; Indicadores; America Latina; Science and technology; Research; Indicators; Latin America; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30.

Ano: 1988

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42291

Leger, Andreanne.

The determinants of innovation and the role of intellectual property rights in different countries are not well understood. This paper estimates the determinants of innovation using a new panel dataset. It compares different panel estimation methods appropriate for finite size samples. Past R&D investments have a positive and significant impact on current innovation, while openness to trade has a negative and significant impact on innovation in developing countries and population size has a negative and significant impact on innovation in industrialized countries. Intellectual property protection is not significant for any of the groups. We discuss econometric issues and the policy implication of these results.

International R&D Spillovers and Productivity Growth in the Agricultural Sector A Panel Cointegration Approach

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Intellectual property rights; Developing countries; Dynamic panel; General method of moments; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; O34; C23.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25328

Gutierrez, Luciano; Guiterrez, M..

This paper analyses, within the new growth theory framework and using panel cointegration techniques, the effect of agricultural international technological spillovers on total factor productivity growth for a sample of 47 countries during the period 1970-1992. The analysis shows that total factor productivity is strongly influenced by domestic as well as foreign public R&D spending in agricultural sector and geographical factors matters. Countries located in temperate zones benefit more than countries located in tropical zones from technological spillovers. Finally, the analysis shows that the rate of return to agricultural R&D spending is higher in tropical countries and this could justify new support and an even greater investment of funds for...

Learning in Organic Farming An Application on Finnish Dairy Farms

Palavras-chave: Technology spillover; Agricultural productivity; Panel cointegration; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C14; O30; Q16.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24967

Sipilainen, Timo; Oude Lansink, Alfons G.J.M..

Organic farming technology may be relatively unknown to farmers at the time when they switch from conventional into organic farming. Therefore, experience gained over time and learning by doing may be important determinants in the efficiency of organic farming. It may also take time to reach the optimal nutrient stock of soil and optimal nutrient supply for arable crops under organic farming. Thus, efficiency of organic farming can either grow or decrease over time depending on the nature of the technology and the learning process. This paper estimates technical efficiency of organic farming and its development over time. We control for possible selection bias and regional heterogeneity when estimating a stochastic frontier distance functions for a sample...

Linking Environmental and Innovation Policy

Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technical change; Output distance function; SFA; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C23; D24; D83; O30; Q12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24493

Gerlagh, Reyer; Kverndokk, Snorre; Rosendahl, Knut Einar.

This paper addresses the timing and interdependence between innovation and environmental policy in a model of research and development (R&D). On a first-best path the environmental tax is set at the Pigouvian level, independent of innovation policy. With infinite patent lifetime, the R&D subsidy should be constant and independent of the state of the environment. However, with finite patent lifetime, optimal innovation policy depends on the stage of the environmental problem. In the early stages of an environmental problem, abatement research should be subsidized at a high level and this subsidy should fall monotonically over time to stimulate initial R&D investments. Alternatively, with a constant R&D subsidy, patents’ length should...

Optimal Timing of Environmental Policy; Interaction Between Environmental Taxes and Innovation Externalities

Palavras-chave: Environmental Policy; Research and Development; Innovation Subsidies; Patents; H21; O30; Q42.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37847

Gerlagh, Reyer; Kverndokk, Snorre; Rosendahl, Knut Einar.

This paper addresses the impact of endogenous technology through research and development (R&D) and learning by doing (LbD) on the timing of environmental policy. We develop two models, the first with R&D and the second with LbD. We study the interaction between environmental taxes and innovation externalities in a dynamic economy and prove policy equivalence between the second-best R&D and the LbD model. Our analysis shows that the difference found in the literature between optimal environmental policy in R&D and LbD models can partly be traced back to the set of policy instruments available, rather than being directly linked to the source of technological innovation. Arguments for early action in LbD models carry over to a second-best...

Productivity Trends in the Natural Resource Industries

Palavras-chave: Environmental Policy; Technological Change; Research and Development; Learning by Doing; Environmental Economics and Policy; H21; O30; Q42.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9329

Parry, Ian W.H..

This paper examines multi-factor productivity trends in the U.S. petroleum, coal, copper and logging industries since 1970. Measures of multi-factor productivity growth are negative for all four industries during the 1970's. At the time this led to fears that stocks of natural resources were being exhausted, and this might hinder future economic growth. However in retrospect the 1970's look like an exceptional period, rather than marking a change in long run productivity trends. The decline in measured multi-factor productivity in that decade appear to be explained by a number of special factors that generally have a transitory rather than a permanent effect on productivity growth. For example, the rise in natural resource prices encouraged the entry of...

Prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies

Palavras-chave: Productivity; Natural resources; Technological innovation; Depletion effect; Productivity Analysis; Q30; O30.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10585

Anderson, Soren T.; Newell, Richard G..

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies remove carbon dioxide from flue gases for storage in geologic formations or the ocean. We find that CCS is technically feasible and economically attractive within the range of carbon policies discussed domestically and internationally. Current costs are about $200 to $250 per ton of carbon, although costs are sensitive to fuel prices and other assumptions and could be reduced significantly through technical improvements. Near-term prospects favor CCS for certain industrial sources and electric power plants, with storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Deep aquifers may provide an attractive longer-term storage option, whereas ocean storage poses greater technical and environmental uncertainty. Vast...

R&D, Innovation and Growth: Evidence from Four Manufacturing Sectors in OECD Countries

Palavras-chave: Carbon; Capture; Storage; Sequestration; Climate change; Technology; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q40; O30.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10879

Ulku, Hulya.

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between R&D intensity, rate of innovation and the growth rate of output in four manufacturing sectors from 17 OECD countries. The findings suggest that the knowledge stock is the main determinant of innovation in all four manufacturing sectors and that R&D intensity increases innovation in the chemicals and the electrical and electronics sector. In addition, the rate of innovation has a positive effect on the growth rate of output in all sectors except for the drugs and medical sector. These results lend strong support for the non-scale endogenous growth models. *I am grateful to Adam Jaffe for his invaluable suggestions and comments.

Stochastic Production Frontiers and Decomposition of Output Growth: The case of citrus-growing farms in Tunisia

Palavras-chave: Non-scale endogenous growth; R&D; Patent; Innovation; Output growth; System GMM; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O14; O30; O31; O33; O41.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30542

Dhehibi, Boubaker; Elloumi, Mohamed.

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relative contribution of technical efficiency, technological change and increased input use to the output growth of the Tunisian citrus growing farms using a stochastic frontier production function approach applied to panel data for the period 2003-2005. Knowledge of the relative contribution of factors productivity and input use to output growth and improvements in technical efficiency is crucial to provide a comprehensive view of the state of the citrus producing sector in the country and help farm managers and policy makers draw appropriate policy measures. The proposed methodology is based on the use of a flexible translog functional form. Results indicate that technical efficiency of production in citrus...