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A Generic Four-step Methodology For Institutional Analysis 31
Herrera, Paul A.; Van Huylenbroeck, Guido; Espinel, Ramon L..
The central hypothesis of this paper is that there may be situations in which the traditional approach to institutional analysis is of limited applicability. Such an approach, which has been called 'comparative institutional analysis', consists of comparing institutional environments and institutional arrangements in terms of specific economic or other efficiency criteria to see which one performs better. However, because of limitations to accurately predict the future performance of alternative institutional settings, comparisons are not always possible. Furthermore, in most cases the only information available is the performance of the current institutional setting. To account for this methodological deficiency, a generic methodology for institutional...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: New Institutional Economics; Governance structures; Institutional Change.; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; B52; D02; Q25.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24542
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A Ricardian analysis of the impact of climate change on African cropland 31
Kurukulasuriya, Pradeep; Mendelsohn, Robert.
This study examines the impact of climate change on cropland in Africa, using a Ricardian cross-sectional approach. Relying on farm data from an 11-country survey of over 9500 farmers, annual net revenue is regressed on climate and other variables. The study confirms that current climate affects the net revenues of farms across Africa. Applying these results to possible future climates reveals that dryland farms are especially climate sensitive. Even as early as 2020, climate change could have strong negative impacts on currently dry and hot locations. By 2100, dryland crop net revenues could rise by 51% if future warming is mild and wet but fall by 43% if future climates are hot and dry. The crop net revenues of currently irrigated farms are likely to be...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Climate change; Agriculture; Valuation; Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q25.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56965
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A spatial bio-economic modelling approach on the trade-offs between global bioenergy demand, agricultural intensification, expansion, and trade 31
Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Popp, Alexander; Beringer, Tim; Muller, Christoph; Lucht, Wolfgang.
Increased future demands for food, fibre and fuels from biomass can only be met if the available land and water resources on a global scale are used and managed as efficiently as possible. The main routes for making the global agricultural system more productive are through intensification and technological change on currently used agricultural land, land expansion into currently non-agricultural areas, and international trade in agricultural commodities and processed goods. In order to analyse the trade-offs and synergies between these options, we present a global bio-economic modelling approach with a special focus on spatially explicit land and water constraints as well as technological change in agricultural production. For a given bioenergy demand...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land use change; Spatial modelling; Technological change; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C61; F15; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51458
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A Tale of Three Watersheds: Nonpoint Source Pollution and Conservation Practices across Iowa 31
Schilling, Keith E.; Tomer, Mark D.; Gassman, Philip W.; Kling, Catherine L.; Isenhart, Thomas M.; Moorman, Thomas B.; Simpkins, William W.; Wolter, Calvin F..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q25.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94483
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A Watershed-Based Economic Model of Alternative Management Practices in Southern Agricultural Systems 31
Paudel, Krishna P.; Hite, Diane; Intarapapong, Walaiporn; Susanto, Dwi.
We investigated the environmental impacts of alternative cultural practices within a watershed under different water quality standards. We used experimental data on nutrient runoff to determine the optimal amount of broiler litter application in hay production in Louisiana. To compensate for the lack of experimental data, we used biophysical simulation models to find the optimal combination of agricultural best-management practices in a watershed in Mississippi. The results indicated that stricter environmental standards lower total profit potential and litter utilization.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Broiler litter; Cropping systems; Optimization; Watershed level modeling; Water quality; C6; Q1; Q25; D21.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43213
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Adaptation, Mitigation and “Green” R&D to Combat Global Climate Change. Insights From an Empirical Integrated Assessment Exercise 31
Bosello, Francesco.
This work develops a framework for the analysis at the macro-level of the relationship between adaptation and mitigation policies. The FEEM-RICE growth model with stock pollution, endogenous R&D investment and emission abatement is enriched with a planned-adaptation module where a defensive capital stock is built through adaptation investment. Within this framework the optimal path of planned adaptation, the optimal inter and intra temporal mix between adaptation, mitigation and investment in R&D, and the sensitivity of a strategy to each other is identified. The major conclusions of this research show that adaptation, mitigation and R&D are strategic complements as all concur together to the solution of the climate change problem; nonetheless...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate Change Impacts; Mitigation; Adaptation; Integrated Assessment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59746
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AD-DICE: An Implementation of Adaptation in the DICE Mode 31
de Bruin, Kelly C.; Dellink, Rob B.; Tol, Richard S.J..
Integrated Assessment Models (IAMS) have helped us over the past decade to understand the interactions between the environment and the economy in the context of climate change. Although it has also long been recognized that adaptation is a powerful and necessary tool to combat the adverse effects of climate change, most IAMs have not explicitly included the option of adaptation in combating climate change. This paper adds to the IAM and climate change literature by explicitly including adaptation in an IAM, thereby making the trade-offs between adaptation and mitigation visible. Specifically, a theoretical framework is created and used to implement adaptation as a decision variable into the DICE model. We use our new AD-DICE model to derive the adaptation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Integrated Assessment Modelling; Adaptation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9548
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Addressing the wicked problem of water resource management: An ecosystem services approach 31
Hearnshaw, Edward J.S.; Tompkins, Jean-Marie; Cullen, Ross.
This paper develops a systematic assessment of the sustainability of ecosystem services provided by rivers impacted by water storage projects. Given the conflicting preferences amongst stakeholders and the incomplete, uncertain and contradictory understanding about river ecology it is recognized that managing water resources sustainably is a wicked problem. In order to address this wicked problem, the methods of multi-criteria analysis and graph analysis are applied, in accordance with integrated water resource management, to assess the potential of investing in water storage projects and explore for sustainable solutions through the construction of an ecosystem services index.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecosystem services index; Graph analysis; Integrated water resource management; Multi-criteria analysis; Sustainability; Wicked problems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100556
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Adopción de tecnología de distribución y control del agua en las Comunidades de Regantes de la Región de Murcia 31
Alcon, Francisco; De Miguel, María Dolores; Burton, Michael P..
RESUMEN: En el presente trabajo se estudia el proceso de adopción de tecnología de distribución y control de agua que las Comunidades de Regantes de la Región de Murcia han llevado a cabo desde el año 1975 hasta 2005. Se analiza el tiempo que transcurre desde que se constituye la Comunidad de Regantes hasta que toma la decisión de adoptar utilizando Análisis de Duración. Se identifican como aceleradores del proceso de adopción la posesión de un pozo de apoyo, el empleo de un sistema tarifario variable en función del consumo, los efectos de las políticas de subvenciones a las obras de modernización y mejora de los regadíos y las sequías. SUMMARY: The present paper analyses the process of adopting water management and control technology in the irrigation...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Análisis de duración; Comunidad de regantes; Función de riesgo; Tecnología de riego; Irrigation community; Hazard function; Irrigation technology; Duration analysis; Agribusiness; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q25; D71.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37190
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Agricultural land management strategies to reduce phosphorus loads in the Gippsland Lakes, Australia 31
Roberts, Anna M.; Pannell, David J.; Doole, Graeme J.; Vigiak, Olga.
A target to reduce phosphorus flows into the Gippsland Lakes in south-eastern Australia by 40 per cent to improve water quality has previously been established by stakeholders. An integrated analysis at the catchment scale is undertaken to assess the agricultural land management changes required to achieve this target, and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these changes. It appears technically feasible to achieve a 40 per cent reduction in P load entering the lakes, but the least-costly way of doing so would require around A$1 billion over 20 years, a dramatic increase in the current levels of funding provided for management. On the other hand, a 20 per cent P reduction could be achieved at much lower cost: around $80 million over 20 years and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Benefit: cost analysis; Dairy; Diffuse source; Trade-offs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q53; Q57.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102454
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Agricultural Trade and Freshwater Resources 31
Reimer, Jeffrey J..
Approximately 75% of all water used by humans goes towards food production, much of which is traded internationally. This study formally models how this works in the case of crop agriculture, making use of recent advances in international trade theory and new data on the productivity by which countries use water for crop agriculture. The strength of the model lies in its ability to predict, when there is a shock to the system, how trade between pairs of specific countries changes for products that use water intensively. In one application of the model, international trade in final products is shown to be a means for countries to deal with short- and long-run shocks to water resources that are too big for one country to handle by itself in isolation. In...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate change; Simulation; Trade liberalization; Water; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F11; F18; Q25; Q54.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123944
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Air Pollution Control Policy Options for Metro Manila 31
Krupnick, Alan J.; Morgenstern, Richard D.; Fischer, Carolyn; Rolfe, Kevin; Logarta, Jose; Rufo, Bing.
The Asian Development Bank has sponsored research on market-based instruments for managing pollution in Metro Manila, Philippines, where air quality is seriously degraded. This report offers three policy options for reducing particulate emissions and their precursors. For stationary sources, we recommend an emissions fee that creates efficient financial incentives to reduce emissions while raising revenues for monitoring and enforcement activities. For mobile sources, we propose a pilot diesel retrofit program using a low-cost technology that is effective at existing 2,000 ppm sulfur content. Second, we recommend a charge on the sulfur content of diesel fuel to encourage meeting and surpassing the 500 ppm standard to allow for more advanced particulate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Emissions tax; Philippines; Particulates; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q01.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10612
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Allocation of CO2 Emissions Allowances in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program 31
Burtraw, Dallas; Palmer, Karen L.; Kahn, Danny.
Cap-and-trade programs for air emissions have become the widely accepted, preferred approach to cost-effective pollution reduction. One of the important design questions in a trading program is how to initially distribute the emissions allowances. Under the Acid Rain program created by Title IV of the Clean Air Act, most emissions allowances were distributed to current emitters on the basis of a historic measure of electricity generation in an approach known as grandfathering. Recent proposals have suggested two alternative approaches: allocation according to a formula that is updated over time according to some performance metric in a recent year (the share of electricity generation or something else) and auctioning allowances to the highest bidders....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Sulfur dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Mercury; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10650
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Alternative Paths toward a Low Carbon World 31
Bosetti, Valentina; Carraro, Carlo; Tavoni, Massimo.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate Policy; Stabilization Costs; Environmental Economics and Policy; C72; H23; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90948
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AN AGENDA FOR THE STUDY OF LAND USE, WILDERNESS DESIGNATION, AND RESOURCE REGULATION IN THE AMERICAN WEST 31
Batabyal, Amitrajeet A..
Atemporal and intertemporal use of public lands, the determination of optimal levels of wilderness designation and habitat preservation, and the appropriate regulation of natural resources have all been "hot button" issues in the American West for quite some time now. In this paper, I propose and describe a research agenda which promises to yield interesting and useful new policy insights into these fractious resource issues.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Land use; Wilderness; Regulation; Research; Agenda; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; B41; Q20; Q25.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28360
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An Assessment of the EPA's SO2 Emission Allowance Tracking System 31
Lile, Ronald D.; Bohi, Douglas R.; Burtraw, Dallas.
On November 8, 1996, various Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officials, scholars and industry representatives gathered at Resources for the Future (RFF) to examine the EPA's method for classifying private SO2 allowance transactions by the Allowance Tracking System (ATS). The one-day workshop at RFF was designed to evaluate how well the EPA's classification scheme within the ATS currently meets the needs of constituencies with a vested interest in the allowance trading system, and to determine if other classifications would be more beneficial. The EPA has limited its collection of information to that which is necessary to ensure compliance with environmental goals. In particular, the EPA has interpreted its mission to be one of minimal interference in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Transaction costs; Regulated industries; Electric utilities; Emissions; Environmental Economics and Policy; D23; D49; H70; K23; L94; Q25.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10890
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An Econometric Analysis of the Environmental Benefits Provided by the Conservation Reserve Program 31
Fleming, Ronald A..
Over $1.7 billion has been spent on the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) since 1985. The purpose of this study is to show that these expenditures have aided the environment. Rather than quantify changes in environmental variables, a spatial econometric model is used to test if CRP enrollments are greater in counties with poorer environmental quality. In seven of nine regions, CRP enrollments are higher in counties with an environmental concern. This positive finding justifies past expenditures by the CRP and supports continued funding as an environmental program. The CRP is targeting current environmental concerns that will lead to future improvement.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program; Econometrics; Environmental quality; Soil erosion; Spatial data; Water quality; Wildlife habitat; Q28; Q58; C31; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43388
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An Econometric Test of the Endogeneity of Institutions: Water Markets in the Western United States 31
Hansen, Kristiana; Howitt, Richard E.; Williams, Jeffrey C..
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/28/05.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Water markets; Institutions; Environmental costs; Third-party costs; Water rights; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q25.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19548
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An Economic Analysis of Water Infrastructure Investments, Agricultural Productivity and Climate Change in the Mekong Delta: Adapting to Increased Salinity and Sea Level Rise 31
Corderi Novoa, David; Williams, Jeffrey C.; Howitt, Richard E.; Lund, Jay R..
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agriculture; Water resources; Dynamic programming; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103875
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AN INTEGRATED TERRITORIAL SIMULATION MODEL TO EVALUATE CAP REFORM ON MEDITERRANEAN AGRICULTURE. METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL AND FIRST APPLICATIONS IN APULIA REGION (SOUTHERN ITALY) 31
Scardigno, Alessandra; Bazzani, Guido Maria.
The implementation of most recent CAP and water policy reforms calls for simulation analytical tools able to quantify socio-economic and environmental impacts that can be different in terms of regions and farm type. This work proposes a territorial mathematical programming model that integrates hundreds of farm models clustered in a single meta-model at regional level that can be easily standardized having the FADN as the main data source. The tool has been experimentally applied to Apulia region and several simulations have been conducted in scenarios differing in terms of agricultural policies (total decoupling, increase of the modulation rate and introduction of a flat rate system for the Single Farm Payment), price of the water resource, market...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural policies; Water policy reforms; Territorial mathematical programming model.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; Q25; Q51..
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44799
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