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Registros recuperados: 34
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A Dynamic Bioeconomic Model of Ivory Trade: Details and Extended Results AgEcon
van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
Trade in ivory is banned under CITES in an effort to protect the African elephant. The trade ban is supported by some range states, most notably Kenya, because they see the ban as an effective means for protecting a ‘flagship’ species, one that attracts tourists and foreign aid. It is opposed by some states, mainly in southern Africa, because their elephant populations are exceeding the capacity of local ecosystems with culling and other sources have resulted in the accumulation of large stocks of ivory. They argue that ivory trade will benefit elephant populations. The question of whether an ivory trade ban will protect elephant populations is addressed in this paper using a dynamic partial-equilibrium model that consists of four ivory exporting regions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economics of elephant conservation; Economics of ivory trade; Trade bans; Cartels and quota; International Relations/Trade; F10; O55; Q26; Q27.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37030
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A Global Land Use and Biomass Approach to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fossil Fuel Use and to Preserve Biodiversity AgEcon
Riedacker, Arthur.
As average growth consumptions per capita and world population will continue to grow, the promotion of sustainable developments during the next half a century implies to take into account environmental aspects, local potentialities and futures changes in population as well climatic, economic and social factors. At the global level, land and fossil fuel availability per capita, capacity of absorption of greenhouse gas emissions are considered the most important environmental factors. Whereas at local levels are to be considered preservation or improvement of soil fertility, of water regimes, of quality of air, soil and water. Biodiversity must be taken into account at both levels to cope also with climate change. But as underlined by IPCC lead authors, up...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Greenhouse Gas Emission; Fossil Fuel; Biodiversity; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q23; Q27.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9551
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Addressing the wicked problem of water resource management: An ecosystem services approach AgEcon
Hearnshaw, Edward J.S.; Tompkins, Jean-Marie; Cullen, Ross.
This paper develops a systematic assessment of the sustainability of ecosystem services provided by rivers impacted by water storage projects. Given the conflicting preferences amongst stakeholders and the incomplete, uncertain and contradictory understanding about river ecology it is recognized that managing water resources sustainably is a wicked problem. In order to address this wicked problem, the methods of multi-criteria analysis and graph analysis are applied, in accordance with integrated water resource management, to assess the potential of investing in water storage projects and explore for sustainable solutions through the construction of an ecosystem services index.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecosystem services index; Graph analysis; Integrated water resource management; Multi-criteria analysis; Sustainability; Wicked problems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100556
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Afforestation Generated Kyoto Compliant Carbon Offsets: A Case Study in Northeastern Ontario AgEcon
Biggs, Jeffrey.
With the first commitment period beginning in 2008, resource managers are starting to consider the various management options available to them under the Kyoto Protocol. Though many papers discuss the potential for generating carbon offsets through afforestation at national, provincial and regional scales, none examine the factors critical to decision makers at the management unit level. This paper uses the best available modelling and economic data and applies it at the scale of the Timmins Management Unit (TMU), concentrating on the quality and availability of carbon budget models, domestic carbon market concerns (including price, leakage and permanence) and the presence of an enabling environment (considering government support, afforestation expertise,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Afforestation; Carbon markets; Carbon modelling; Enabling environment; Kyoto Protocol; Northeastern Ontario; Scenario development; Timmins management unit; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q27.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37007
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BIOENERGIE AS A SOURCE OF INCOME OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AgEcon
Makarchuk, Oksana; Hockmann, Heinrich; Lissitsa, Alexej.
Enterprise activity is based on maximization of profit to increase the volume of own capital, to expand manufacture and to guarantee the earning of profit for the long-term period. Therefore everyone searches for new sources of the income by means of which it is possible to maximize cost of the made product. One of new sources of the income in agriculture is a cultivation of agricultural crops for the energy, heat, fuel (biofuel) manufacture. In this "discussion paper" the market is examined for biofuel, as well as their competitiveness is analyzed in comparison to mineral fuels. Germany takes the lead positions on manufacture and use of biofuel among the countries of the European Union and Ukraine has a big potential on the agricultural commodities market...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Биотопливо; Биоэтанол; Биомасса; Возобновляемые источники энергии; Конкурентоспособность; Спрос и предложение.Biokraftstoff; Bioethanol; Biomasse; Erneubare Energien; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Angebot und Nachfrage.Biofuel; Bioethanol; Biomass; Renewed energy sources; Competitiveness; Supply and demand.; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q27.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91735
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CAN DOMESTICATION OF WILDLIFE LEAD TO CONSERVATION? THE ECONOMICS OF TIGER FARMING IN CHINA AgEcon
Abbott, Brant; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
Tigers are a threatened species that might soon disappear in the wild. Not only are tigers threatened by deteriorating and declining habitat, but poachers continue to kill tigers for traditional medicine, decoration pieces and so on. Although international trade in tiger products has been banned since 1987 and domestic trade within China since 1993, tigers continue to be poached and Chinese entrepreneurs have established tiger farms in anticipation of their demise. While China desires to permit sale of tiger products from captive-bred tigers, this is opposed on the grounds that it likely encourages illegal killing. Instead, wildlife conservationists lobby for more spending on anti-poaching and trade-ban enforcement. In this study, a mathematical...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Endangered species; Extinction; Wildlife farming and bioeconomics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; Q27; C61; F13.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46994
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CAN DOMESTICATION OF WILDLIFE LEAD TO CONSERVATION? THE ECONOMICS OF TIGER FARMING IN CHINA AgEcon
Abbott, Brant; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
Tigers are a threatened species that might soon disappear in the wild. Not only are tigers threatened by deteriorating and declining habitat, but poachers continue to kill tigers for traditional medicine, decoration pieces and so on. Although international trade in tiger products has been banned since 1987 and domestic trade within China since 1993, tigers continue to be poached and Chinese entrepreneurs have established tiger farms in anticipation of their demise. While China desires to permit sale of tiger products from captive-bred tigers, this is opposed on the grounds that it likely encourages illegal killing. Instead, wildlife conservationists lobby for more spending on anti-poaching and trade-ban enforcement. In this study, a mathematical...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Endangered species and extinction; Wildlife farming; Economics of natural; Mathematical bioeconomics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q27; C61; Q57.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61071
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Can virtual water 'trade' reduce water scarcity in semi-arid countries? The case of Spain AgEcon
Garrido, Alberto; Novo, Paula; Rodriguez Casado, Roberto; Varela-Ortega, Consuelo.
Agricultural trade is by far the largest vehicle to ‘move’ water virtually around the world. Observing that most countries import and export water embedded in the exchanged products, the objective of this study is to assess the virtual water ‘trade’ in Spain for the period 1997-2006. We differentiate between the green and blue components of virtual water from a hydrological and economic perspective. The combination of spatial and time dimensions offers a unique empirical setting to determine whether virtual water ‘trade’ can contribute to reduce water scarcity. The study reveals that Spain is a net ‘importer’ of virtual water. By far the largest virtual water ‘imports’ are linked to cereals and animal feed products whilst the virtual water ‘exports’ are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Virtual water ‘trade’; Farm trade; Water scarcity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q17; Q25; Q27; Q56.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51048
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Canada-US Softwood Lumber Trade Revisited: Examining the Role of Substitution Bias in the Context of a Spatial Price Equilibrium Framework AgEcon
Mogus, Anthony; Stennes, Brad; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
In the last two decades, softwood lumber trade between Canada and the United States has been characterized by numerous trade restrictions. Many studies have attempted to quantify the effects of such sanctions, and in doing so, softwood lumber was modeled as a single, homogenous commodity. However, recent research has suggested that this may be a misleading assumption, since not all softwood lumber products are equivalent substitutes. We refer to this problem as the substitution bias, and uniquely address this issue in estimating the effects of trade restricting policies. Using a spatial price equilibrium (spe) model, impacts of the post-sla import duties are estimated and compared to estimates of two alternative policy regimes – an export tax and quota. By...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Softwood lumber trade; Spatial price equilibrium; Lumber substitutability; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q23; Q27; Q58.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37016
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Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems as a Strategy for Mitigating Climate Change AgEcon
van Kooten, G. Cornelis; Wang, Yichuan; Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna.
Under Kyoto, forestry activities that sequester carbon can be used to create CO2 offset credits that could obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil fuel use. Credits are earned by storing carbon in forest ecosystems and wood products, although CO2 emissions are also mitigated by delaying deforestation, which accounts for one-quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Non-permanent carbon offsets from forest activities are difficult to compare with each other and with mitigation strategies because they differ in how long they prevent CO2 from entering the atmosphere. In this paper, we investigate issues of carbon sequestration in detail, but in particular we expand in comprehensive fashion on earlier work comparing carbon mitigation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate change; Carbon offset credits from forestry activities; Meta-regression analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; R15; Q23; Q27.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9931
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Comments on Sustainable Coastal Development Through Community Support: Myth or Reality AgEcon
Bergstrom, John C..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Sustainable agriculture; Community development; Community support; Natural resources; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q01; Q27; Q28; Q32.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43767
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Consequences of EU Biofuel Policies on Agricultural Production and Land Use AgEcon
Banse, Martin; van Meijl, Hans; Woltjer, Geert B..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D58; Q13; Q24; Q27; Q28.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94666
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Contributions of U.S. Crop Subsidies to Biofuel and Related Markets AgEcon
Devadoss, Stephen; Bayham, Jude.
The U.S. crop subsidies provide incentives for farmers to expand feedstock production, which benefits the biofuel producers by lowering input costs. This study develops a general equilibrium model to analyze the effects of a reduction in the U.S. crop subsidy on biofuel industries and social welfare. The impacts of feedstock policies on the biofuel market are marginal. In contrast, the biofuel mandate has a larger impact and counteracts the effects of the crop subsidy reduction. The mandate increases the demand for feedstock and causes not only grain ethanol, but also cellulosic ethanol production to rise. The mandate exacerbates the distortion, and government spending increases significantly, leading to greater welfare loss.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Biofuel; Environmental impacts; Farm supports; Welfare analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q18; Q27.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100525
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Costs of Creating Carbon Offset Credits via Forestry Activities: A Meta-Regression Analysis AgEcon
van Kooten, G. Cornelis; Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna; Wang, Yichuan.
The main focus of efforts to mitigate climate change is on the avoidance of fossil fuel emissions. However, the Kyoto rules permit the use of forestry activities that create carbon offset credits. These could obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil fuel use. It is necessary for policy purposes, therefore, to determine the cost effectiveness of creating forest sink carbon credits. In this study, meta-regression analyses with 1047 observations from 68 studies are used to determine factors that affect carbon sequestration costs. Results indicate that soil carbon is not very important, but that forest plantations and use of biomass for energy make forestry activities more attractive. It also turns out that forestry activities are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate mitigation; Forest carbon offset credits; Meta-regression analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; R15; Q23; Q27.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37039
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Do Current U.S. Ethanol Policies Make Sense? AgEcon
Yano, Yuki; Blandford, David; Surry, Yves R..
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Q48; Q42; Q27; Q28.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93686
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Economic Dynamics of Tree Planting for Carbon Uptake on Marginal Agricultural Lands AgEcon
van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
As a result of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, afforestation of agricultural lands can be expected to take on an important role in the CO2-emissions reduction policy arsenal of some countries. To date, identification of suitable (marginal) agricultural lands has been left mainly to foresters, but their criteria fail to take into account economic nuances. In this study, an optimal control model is used to determine the optimal level of afforestation in the western Canada. The results indicate that, while planting fast–growing trees for carbon uptake on marginal agricultural land may be important, the path dynamics matter in determining whether Canada can rely on afforestation to meet its obligations under Kyoto
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Afforestation and climate change; Optimal control model of land use; Economics of carbon sequestration; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q23; Q27; Q54; R14.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36995
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Economics of Forest and Agricultural Carbon Sinks AgEcon
van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q23; Q27; Q54.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37013
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Elephants and the Ivory Trade Ban: Summary of Research Results AgEcon
van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economics of elephant conservation; Economics of ivory trade; Trade bans; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q57; Q27; O13.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57807
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Evaluating the sustainability of impounded river systems and the cost-effectiveness of dam projects: An ecosystem services approach AgEcon
Tompkins, Jean-Marie; Hearnshaw, Edward J.S.; Cullen, Ross.
In recent times, there has been increasing demand in the Canterbury region of New Zealand for the abstraction of water from rivers. The impact of this demand has lead to unacceptable minimum river flows and has adversely affected river ecology. In an effort to resolve these issues dams have been constructed. To evaluate the impact of these dam projects on all river values, an ecosystem services approach is developed. This ecosystem services approach coupled with various evaluation methods are applied for the purposes of assessing the cost-effectiveness of the Opuha Dam and the sustainability of the Opihi river system now modified by the Opuha Dam. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this dam project cost utility analysis is applied through the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cost utility analysis; Dam projects; Ecosystem services; Impounded river systems; Indicators and sustainability.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100720
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Industry Speaks Strategies for Solving the Food Inflation Problem AgEcon
Neves, Marcos Fava.
This article addresses some of the partial truths and misinformation in media reporting over the booming food prices debate. Many studies are only linking biofuels to the inflation cause, while ignoring several other factors such as the growth of the world population, economic development and income distribution. An overview of the causes is discussed and 10 strategies proposed which policy makers, governments, and organizations can adapt to move the world forward towards long-term sustainability.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Food crisis; Bio-fuels; Strategy; Sustainability; Problem solving; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q16; Q27.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53731
Registros recuperados: 34
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