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Registros recuperados: 35
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Are You SURE You Want to Waste Policy Chances? Waste Generation, Landfill Diversion and Environmental Policy Effectiveness in the EU15 AgEcon
Iafolla, Valentina; Mazzanti, Massimiliano; Nicolli, Francesco.
We empirically test delinking of waste dynamics with regard to economic growth and the effectiveness of environmental and specific waste-related policies, by exploiting a newly constructed, integrated waste-economic-policy dataset based on official data for the EU15 for 1995-2007. We find that absolute delinking for waste generation is far from being achieved in the EU despite fairly stringent and longstanding policy commitment that goes back to the mid 1990s, but which however is biased towards waste management and waste disposal rather than waste prevention. Policy as well as country structural factors seem to impact instead on landfill diversion. Nevertheless, country heterogeneity matters: SURE based analyses show that EU average figures often hide...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Waste Generation; Landfill Diversion; SUR; EU Waste Policy; Environmental Policy; Delinking; Environmental Economics and Policy; C23; Q38; Q56.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91010
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Biofuels: Potential Production Capacity, Effects on Grain and Livestock Sectors, and Implications for Food Prices and Consumers AgEcon
Hayes, Dermot J.; Babcock, Bruce A.; Fabiosa, Jacinto F.; Tokgoz, Simla; Elobeid, Amani E.; Yu, Tun-Hsiang (Edward); Dong, Fengxia; Hart, Chad E.; Chavez, Eddie C.; Pan, Suwen; Carriquiry, Miguel A.; Dumortier, Jerome.
We examined four evolution paths of the biofuel sector using a partial equilibrium world agricultural sector model in CARD that includes the new RFS in the 2007 EISA, a two-way relationship between fossil energy and biofuel markets, and a new trend toward corn oil extraction in ethanol plants. At one extreme, one scenario eliminates all support to the biofuel sector when the energy price is low, while the other extreme assumes no distribution bottleneck in ethanol demand growth when the energy price is high. The third scenario considers a pure market force driving ethanol demand growth because of the high energy price, while the last is a policy-induced shock with removal of the biofuel tax credit when the energy price is high. Standard results hold where...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Biofuel; EISA; Ethanol; Tax credit; World agricultural sector model; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Political Economy; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q13; Q18; Q38.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53093
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Brown Sunsets and Green Dawns in the Industrial Sector: Environmental Innovations, Firm Behavior and the European Emission Trading AgEcon
Borghesi, Simone; Cainelli, Giulio; Mazzanti, Massimiliano.
We study the driving forces behind the adoption of environmental innovations (EI) in the Italian industry over 2006-2008 through analyses of the new wave of Community Innovation Survey (CIS) data that covered for the first time environmental innovation adoptions. We investigate whether the first phase of EU ETS has exerted some effects on environmental innovations by using a very large sample of italian manufcturing firms. Estimates show that external forces and complementarity with other management practices are particularly relevant to increase the adoption of relatively new and radical technologies: relationships with other firms and institutions, local public funding, group membership are the key factors. The role of ETS on EI seems instead to be weak:...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Innovation; Industrial Sectors; ETS; Innovation Drivers; CIS Data; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; L2; O33; Q38; Q55.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121701
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Climate Change, Markets, and Technology AgEcon
Howitt, Richard E.; Medellin-Azuara, Josue; MacEwan, Duncan.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q38.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95761
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Climate Policy, Carbon Leakage and Competitiveness: How Might Border Tax Adjustments Help? AgEcon
Sheldon, Ian M.; McCorriston, Steve.
In this paper, analysis is presented relating to the impact of border tax adjustments for climate policy on the international competitiveness of energy-intensive industries, and the related problem of carbon leakage. While many of the economic and legal issues are not particularly new, climate policy does present some possible twists to the analysis of border tax adjustments when vertically-related markets can be characterized as a successive oligopoly. Specifically, an appropriate border tax adjustment will depend on the incidence of a domestic carbon tax, the nature of competition in upstream and downstream sectors, as well as the basis for assessing the trade neutrality of any border tax adjustment. If trade neutrality is defined in terms of market...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate policy; Carbon leakage; Border tax adjustments; Imperfect competition; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; H87; Q38.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103207
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Comparing the Cost-Effectiveness of Water Conservation Policies in a Depleting Aquifer: A Dynamic Analysis of the Kansas High Plains AgEcon
Ding, Ya; Peterson, Jeffrey M..
This research analyzes two groundwater conservation policies in the Kansas High Plains located within the Ogallala aquifer: 1) cost-share assistance to increase irrigation efficiency; and 2) incentive payments to convert irrigated crop production to dryland crop production. To compare the cost-effectiveness of these two policies, a dynamic model simulated a representative irrigator’s optimal technology choice, crop selection, and irrigation water use over time. The results suggest that the overall water-saving effectiveness can be improved when different policy tools are considered under different conditions. High prevailing crop prices greatly reduce irrigators’ incentive to give up irrigation and therefore cause low enrollment and ineffectiveness of the...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Cost-share program; Incentive payments; Ogallala aquifer; Dynamic optimization; Groundwater conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123781
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Construction Minerals in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area: A Land Management Analysis AgEcon
Wernstedt, Kris; Cummings, Amy Mcabee.
The patchwork of government influences that shape the protection and management of construction mineral resources--sand, gravel, and crushed stone--includes statutes, regulations, guidance documents, and court decisions at the federal, state, and local level. Across the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area, both these influences and the experiences that the counties have had in managing construction mineral resources range widely. Our principal objective in this study is to discuss the mechanisms that counties use to manage such resources; the level and source of concern that local residents have with respect to construction mineral extraction operations; officials' perceptions about trends in the supply and demand for mineral resources; and the level of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Construction minerals; Aggregates; Land use planning; Baltimore-Washington; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q38; R52.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10731
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Cost Heterogeneity and the Potential Savings from Market-Based Policies AgEcon
Newell, Richard G.; Stavins, Robert N..
Policy makers and policy analysts are frequently faced with situations where it is unclear whether market-based instruments hold real promise of reducing costs, relative to conventional command-and-control approaches. We develop rules-of-thumb that can be employed with minimal amounts of information to estimate the potential cost savings associated with marketbased policies, with an application to the environmental policy realm. Our hope is that these simple formulae can aid policy analysts and policy makers in the early stages of exploring alternative policy instruments by helping them identify approaches that merit greater attention and more detailed analysis. We illustrate the use of the rules-of-thumb with an application to nitrogen oxides control in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environment; Policy instruments; Cost-effective; Market-based; Tradable permits; Uniform standards; Industrial Organization; Q28; Q38.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10577
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Economic Efficiency of Short-Term Versus Long-Term Water Rights Buyouts AgEcon
Wheeler, Erin A.; Golden, Bill B.; Johnson, Jeffrey W.; Peterson, Jeffrey M..
Because of the decline of the Ogallala Aquifer, water districts, regional water managers, and state water officers are becoming increasingly interested in conservation policies. This study evaluates both short-term and long-term water rights buyout policies. This research develops dynamic production functions for the major crops in the Texas Panhandle. The production functions are incorporated into optimal temporal allocation models that project annual producer behavior, crop choices, water use, and aquifer declines over 60 years. Results suggest that long-term buyouts may be more economically efficient than short-term buyouts.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Dynamic production function; Nonlinear optimization; Ogallala Aquifer; Water rights buyout; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46987
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Effectiveness of Two Water Conservation Policies: An Integrated Modeling Approach AgEcon
Das, Biswa R.; Willis, David B.; Johnson, Jeffrey W..
Agriculture in the Texas High Plains depends entirely on the Ogallala Aquifer. Texas enacted water conservation legislation to address declining reserves in the aquifer. We developed an integrated regional water policy model that links a hydrology model with an economic optimization model to estimate policy impacts with respect to economic cost and water conservation. Testing the effectiveness of two policies, a groundwater extraction tax and extraction quotas, we observe that neither significantly inhibits groundwater use. Although both policies conserve similar amounts of groundwater, the regional cost of the tax policy to agriculture is more than the quota policy.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Integrated regional water policy model; Texas High Plains; Water conservation policy; Hydrology model; Economic optimization model; Ogallala Aquifer; Tax policy; Quota policy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Q30; Q31; Q38.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100523
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Effects of Socio-Institutional and Emotional Factors of Japanese Farmland Rental Transactions AgEcon
Kunimitsu, Yoji.
Farmland reallocation between farmers through rental transactions is critical for improving Japanese rice productivity. This study examined effects of socio-institutional and emotional factors as well as economic factors on rental transactions. A stochastic choice model was applied to contingent valuation data by considering regional heteroscedasticity. Empirical results showed (1) existence of economic inefficiencies, 3% loss of economic surplus due to socio-institutional restriction, which is probably reflected in transaction costs; (2) a 15% reduction in surplus due to emotional reluctance of farmers; and (3) strong influences of rice price, wages, and geographical location on the rental rate and agreement level.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation questionnaire; Economic inefficiency; Regional heteroscedasticity; Rental agreement level; Rental rate; Stochastic choice model; Crop Production/Industries; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; C25; D44; Q12; Q15; Q38; R58.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43747
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Efficiency and Distributional Impacts of Tradable White Certificates Compared to Taxes, Subsidies and Regulations AgEcon
Giraudet, Louis-Gaetan; Quirion, Philippe.
Tradable White Certificates (TWC) schemes, also labelled Energy-Efficiency Certificates schemes, were recently implemented in Great Britain, Italy and France. Energy suppliers have to fund a given quantity of energy efficiency measures, or to buy so-called "white certificates" from other suppliers who exceed their target. We develop a partial equilibrium model to compare TWC schemes to other policy instruments for energy efficiency, i.e., energy taxes, subsidies on energy-saving goods and regulations fixing a minimum level of energy-efficiency. The model features an endogenous level of energy service and we analyse the influence of the substitutability between energy and energy-saving goods to produce the energy service, as well as the influence of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Energy Saving Policies; Energy-Efficiency Certificates; White Certificates; Rebound Effect; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q38; Q48; Q58.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46554
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Embedding Landfill Diversion in Economic, Geographical and Policy Settings Panel based evidence from Italy AgEcon
Mazzanti, Massimiliano; Montini, Anna; Nicolli, Francesco.
This paper analyses the process of delinking for landfilling trends embedding the dynamics in a frame where economic, geographical and policy variables enter the arena We aim at investigating in depth what main drivers may be responsible for such a phenomenon, and whether differences may be observed focusing the lens on a decentralised provincial based setting. We exploit a rich panel dataset stemming from Official sources (APAT, Italian environmental agency) merged with other provincial and regional based information, covering all the 103 Italian provinces over 1999-2005. The case study on Italy is worth being considered given that Italy is a main country in the EU. Thus it offers important pieces on information on the evaluation of policies. Evidence...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Landfill Policies; Incineration; Landfill Tax; Policy Effectiveness; Waste Management; Delinking; Landfill Trends; Kuznets Curves; Land Economics/Use; Environmental Economics and Policy; C23; Q38; Q56.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44221
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Environmental Efficiency, Emission Trends and Labour Productivity: Trade-Off or Joint Dynamics? Empirical Evidence Using NAMEA Panel Data AgEcon
Mazzanti, Massimiliano; Zoboli, Roberto.
The paper provides new empirical evidence on the relationship between environmental efficiency and labour productivity using industry level data. We first provide a critical and extensive discussion around the interconnected issues of environmental efficiency and performance, firm performances and labour productivity, and environmental and non-environmental innovation dynamics. The most recent literature dealing with environmental innovation, environmental regulations and economic performances is taken as reference. We then test a newly adapted EKC hypothesis, by verifying the correlation between the two trends of environmental efficiency (productivity, namely sector emission on added value) and labour productivity (added value on employees) over a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Decoupling; NAMEA Emissions; Labour Productivity; Sectoral Added Value; Kuznets Curves; Environmental Efficiency; Environmental Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; C23; Q38; Q56.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9320
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Estimation of Farm-Forward Regional Economic Impacts for the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District in Texas AgEcon
Guerrero, Bridget L.; Dudensing, Rebekka M.; McCorkle, Dean A.; Hanselka, Daniel D.; Hudson, Darren; Amosson, Stephen H..
Impacts of alternative agricultural water conservation strategies are being evaluated in the Texas Panhandle. Stakeholders have expressed concern that all effects need to be accounted for including the regional economy. A methodology was developed to evaluate the effects on the backward and forward-linked processing sectors and differentiated results are presented.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Backward-linked; Forward-linked; IMPLAN; Ogallala Aquifer; Water policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q18; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119823
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Farms and Ecosystem Services AgEcon
Ruhl, J.B..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Multifunctionality; Green subsidies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q57; K32; Q18; Q01; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94651
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Financial Assurance Rules and Natural Resource Damage Liability: A Working Marriage? AgEcon
Boyd, James.
The study explores challenges associated with, and the feasibility of, financial assurance requirements for liabilities arising under U.S. environmental statutes, with a particular emphasis on liabilities associated with natural resource damages (NRDs). The overlap between federal NRD liability and financial assurance arises in the context of two financial assurance rules: one for waterborne vessels that carry oil or hazardous substances, and one for offshore facilities used for oil exploration, drilling, production, or transport. The report addresses the rules' history, their role as a complement to other forms of environmental regulation, and their impact on the regulated community and providers of coverage. Despite numerous difficulties and over...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Financial assurance; Financial responsibility; Natural resource damages; Liability; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; K13; K32; Q38.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10673
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Financial Responsibility for Environmental Obligations: Are Bonding and Assurance Rules Fulfilling Their Promise? AgEcon
Boyd, James.
Financal assurance rules, also known as financial responsibility or bonding requirements, foster cost internalization by requiring potential polluters to demonstrate the financial resources necessary to compensate for environmental damage that may arise in the future. Accordingly, assurance is an important complement to liability rules, restoration obligations, and other regulatory compliance requirements. The paper reviews the need for assurance, given the prevalence of abandoned environmental obligations, and assesses the implementation of assurance rules in the United States. From the standpoint of both legal effectiveness and economic efficiency, assurance rules can be improved. On the whole, however, cost recovery, deterrence, and enforcement are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Financial assurance; Financial responsibility; Bonding; Environmental insurance; Environmental Economics and Policy; K13; Q38; K32.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10809
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Global Compensation for Oil Pollution Damages: The Innovations of The American Oil Pollution Act AgEcon
Boyd, James.
Via technology and operations standards, U.S. regulation exerts an important influence over worldwide marine safety standards. But in addition, several other aspects of U.S. law deserve wider international consideration and adoption. First, the Oil Pollution Act's natural resource damage provisions are an innovative and effective way to deter marine pollution and provide for the restoration of injured ecological resources. Second, the relatively strict financial requirements imposed on marine transporters help ensure that polluters, rather than the public, pay if damage is caused. Liability and financial responsibility rules are not unknown in other countries. But the United States has a longer history with implementation and applies its rules more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Oil Pollution Act; Natural resource damages; Environmental liability; Financial assurance; Financial responsibility; Valuation; Farm Management; K13; K32; Q38.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10691
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Groundwater Policy Research: Collaboration with Groundwater Conservation Districts in Texas AgEcon
Johnson, Jeffrey W.; Johnson, Phillip N.; Guerrero, Bridget L.; Weinheimer, Justin; Amosson, Stephen H.; Almas, Lal K.; Golden, Bill B.; Wheeler-Cook, Erin.
The unique nature of the Ogallala Aquifer presents interesting and confounding problems for water policymakers who are coping with changing groundwater rules in Texas. The purpose of this article is to link previous efforts in water policy research for the Ogallala Aquifer in Texas with current collaborations that are ongoing with regional water planners. A chronological progression of economic water modeling efforts for the region is reviewed. The results of two recent collaborative studies are presented that provide estimates of impacts of alternative policies on groundwater saturated thickness, water use, net farm income, and regional economic activities.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Groundwater economics; Ogallala Aquifer; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q30; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117941
Registros recuperados: 35
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