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	Provedor de dados AgEcon (24) Autor Bayer, Patrick (6) McMillan, Robert (3) Rueben, Kim (3) Capalbo, Susan Marie (2) Heggem, Christine N. (2) Timmins, Christopher (2) Ahrens, Heinz (1) Albuquerque, Erica (1) Aw-Hassan, Aden (1) Bellini, Elena (1) Bourgeon, Jean-Marc (1) Chaplin, Hannah (1) Costa, Ecio de Farias (1) Cunat, Alejandro (1) Davidova, Sophia (1) Dominguez-Torreiro, Marcos (1) Easter, K. William (1) Florax, Raymond J.G.M. (1) Gasparino, Ugo (1) Gorton, Matthew (1) Mais... Palavra-chave R0 (24) Community/Rural/Urban Development (8) Labor and Human Capital (7) R2 (5) H0 (4) Endogenous sorting (3) Institutional and Behavioral Economics (3) J7 (3) R3 (3) Social interactions (3) Agglomeration (2) Averted costs (2) Congestion (2) Discrete choice (2) Discrete choice models (2) Diversification (2) Economic benefits (2) Economic geography (2) Food Security and Poverty (2) Health Economics and Policy (2) Mais... Tipo do documento Conference Paper or Presentation (12) Working or Discussion Paper (10) Journal Article (2) Ano 2011 (1) 2009 (4) 2007 (1) 2006 (8) 2005 (2) 2004 (1) 2003 (4) 2001 (1) 1999 (1) 1998 (1) Mais... País United States (24) Idioma Inglês (24)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 24 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última A Note on the Equilibrium Properties of Locational Sorting Models AgEcon Bayer, Patrick; Timmins, Christopher. A central feature of many models of location choice – whether of firms or households, within or across cities – is the role of local interactions or spillovers, whereby the payoffs from choosing a location depend in part on the number or attributes of other individuals or firms that choose the same or nearby locations in equilibrium. The main goal of this paper is to develop the equilibrium properties of a broadly applicable and readily estimable class of sorting models that allow the location decision to depend on both fixed local attributes (including unobserved attributes) and such local interactions. In particular, we prove uniqueness in the case of congestion effects and use a series of simulations to demonstrate that a unique equilibrium is more... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Local spillovers; Social interactions; Economic geography; Natural advantage; Endogenous sorting; Discrete choice models; Agglomeration; Congestion; Random utility; Industrial Organization; H0; R0; R2; R3. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28378 An Equilibrium Model of Sorting in an Urban Housing Market: The Causes and Consequences of Residential Segregation AgEcon Bayer, Patrick; McMillan, Robert; Rueben, Kim. This paper presents a new equilibrium framework for analyzing economic and policy questions related to the sorting of households within a large metropolitan area. We estimate the model using restricted-access Census data that precisely characterize residential and employment locations for households the San Francisco Bay Area, yielding accurate measures of preferences for a wide variety of housing and neighborhood attributes across different types of household. We use these estimates to explore the causes and consequences of racial segregation in general equilibrium. Our results indicate that, given the preference structure of households in the Bay Area, the elimination of racial differences in income and wealth would significantly increase the residential... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Segregation; Sorting; Housing markets; Locational equilibrium; Residential choice; Discrete choice; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; H0; J7; R0; R2. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28503 Do Japanese Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Stimulate Agricultural Growth in East Asia? Panel Cointegration Analysis AgEcon Sattapon, Weerapong. The agricultural sector is an important sector that most people in East Asia rely on and growth in this sector may help to lift their standard of living. This study assessed what factors contributed to agricultural growth by applying the panel econometric approach. First, the long-run relationship between the agriculture growth and its explanatory variable was investigated by applying the IPS unit root test and Pedroni panel cointegration test. The results indicated that all variables showed an integration of order unity, and showed strong evidence to support the existence of long-run relationship. The results from Fixed Effect (FE) regression indicated that imports, exports and trade liberalization were the important factors that contributed to growth in... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; East Asia; Foreign Direct Investment; Trade; Panel Data; International Relations/Trade; O4; Q17; R0. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25570 Do Rural Community Colleges Supply Unique Educational Benefits? AgEcon Mykerezi, Elton; Kostandini, Genti; Mills, Bradford F.. Community colleges likely draw to college individuals who would otherwise not attend due to their low costs and open admission requirements. This is labeled as the democratization effect. They may also divert individuals away from 4-year to terminal 2-year college degrees (the diversion effect). This study estimates democratization and diversion effects separately for nonmetropolitan and metropolitan youth using nationally representative data and models that account for endogenous institution selection. We find the democratization effect to exceed the diversion effect of community colleges for both metro and nonmetro youth. The democratization-diversion ratio is slightly higher for urban youth. Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Rural; Colleges; Education; Diversion; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; I21; R0. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53086 Employment Growth and Income Inequality: Accounting for Spatial and Sectoral Differences AgEcon Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Partridge, Mark D.. This paper revisits the inequality-growth relationship accounting for sectoral differences and focusing on US counties. For 8 two-digit industries of the NAICS classification, we estimated a conditional growth model where employment growth depends on regional income inequality and a number of control variables. Spatial econometrics techniques are used to account for spatial dependence. Results indicate that there is no association between employment growth and family income inequality for the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting sector and the Real Estate, Rental and Leasing sector. However, income inequality consistently shows a negative impact on employment growth in the construction sector, and results are mixed for other sectors such as:... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Employment growth; Inequality; Spatial dependence; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R0; R11; O15; D30. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49460 Estimating Equilibrium Models of Sorting Across Locations AgEcon Bayer, Patrick; Timmins, Christopher. With the growing recognition of the role played by geography in all sorts of economic problems, there is strong interest in measuring the size and scope of local spillovers (i.e., simple anonymous agglomeration or congestion effects, or more complicated interactions between individuals or firms of specific types). It is well-understood, however, that such spillovers cannot be distinguished from unobservable local attributes using just the observed location decisions of individuals or firms. We propose an empirical strategy for recovering estimates of spillovers in the presence of unobserved local attributes for a broadly applicable class of equilibrium sorting models. This approach relies on an instrumental variables strategy derived from the internal... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Local spillovers; Location choice; Economic geography; Natural advantage; Social interactions; Network effects; Endogenous sorting; Discrete choice models; Agglomeration; Congestion; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; H7; R0; R2; R3. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28448 Evaluating Multifunctional Activities as Rural Institution in Japan AgEcon Ohe, Yasuo. The relationship between multifunctionality and the roles of rural communities has not been discussed fully although the connection between the two is an essential issue in the rural policy arena. Pursuing this issue, this paper considers that multifunctional hamlet activities are generated as institutional joint products within the hamlet. Also evaluated is the connection between multifunctional activities and institutional hamlet conditions under the Japanese direct payment program for less favored areas. Results of conceptual considerations and empirical evaluations reveal that specific multifunctional hamlet activities depend on hamlet conditions; those on the least favorable level tend to perform land preservation activities while those under the most... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Multifunctionality; Rural community; Institution; Jointness; Diversification; Human resources; Direct payment; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q19; R0; Z13; Q18. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25468 EVALUATING TELEMEDICINE IN RURAL SETTINGS: ISSUES AND APPLICATIONS AgEcon Capalbo, Susan Marie; Heggem, Christine N.. Changes in health care policies, demographics, and technology have presented new opportunities for the delivery of medical care services and information to rural communities. Telemedicine—the use of electronic information and communications technologies to provide and support health care when distances separates the participants—is one technology that has impacted the efficiency of delivery of rural health care services. This paper presents an overview of the telemedicine technologies, government involvement in support of telemedicine, evaluation efforts to date for these technologies, and issues that need to be addressed in designing an economic-based framework to evaluate the net benefits of telemedicine technologies to rural communities and consumers.... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Rural health care; Telemedicine; Averted costs; Economic benefits; Telecommunications technology; R0; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Health Economics and Policy; I1. Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29240 EVALUATING TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGIES IN RURAL SETTINGS AgEcon Capalbo, Susan Marie; Heggem, Christine N.. Changes in health care policies, demographics, and technology have presented new opportunities for the delivery of medical care services and information to rural communities. Telemedicine—the use of electronic information and communications technologies to provide and support health care when distance separates the participants—has significantly impacted the delivery of rural health care services. This paper presents an overview of the telemedicine technologies, government involvement in support of telemedicine, and issues that need to be addressed in designing an economic framework to evaluate the net benefits of telemedicine to rural communities and consumers. Federal and state governments have invested millions of support dollars in the form of... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Rural health care; Telemedicine; Averted costs; Economic benefits; Telecommunications technology; R0; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Health Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; I1. Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29167 Impact of Cultural Tourism upon Urban Economies: An Econometric Exercise AgEcon Bellini, Elena; Gasparino, Ugo; del Corpo, Barbara; Malizia, William. In recent years, interest in tourism has spread rapidly throughout many small and medium European cities, which previously have not necessarily considered themselves as tourist destinations. Tourism is increasingly seen as a potential lever towards high economic growth, measured both in terms of income and employment. In the present Working Paper we report the analysis on the economic impact undertaken in the framework of the PICTURE Project, showing the results of a novel econometric exercise to statistically assess the impacts of cultural tourism upon European municipalities. More precisely the analysis aims at estimating the effects of tourism specialisation on local income and prices. The Working Paper is built as follows. Section 1 presents and... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Cultural Tourism; Economic Growth; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O4; R0; L83. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8220 Impediments to Employment and Enterprise Diversification: Evidence from Small-Scale Farms in Poland AgEcon Chaplin, Hannah; Davidova, Sophia; Gorton, Matthew. In an environment of low returns to agricultural activities and slow structural change, both employment and enterprise diversification have been presented as possible strategies for raising the incomes of farm households. This paper focuses on the barriers to taking up off-farm employment and establishing new non-agricultural enterprises. Factor and cluster analysis are applied to a data-set of individual farms in Poland in order to identify groups of households facing similar constraints and profile policy measures that are most likely to assist diversification. The majority of non-diversifiers are unlikely to become pluriactive in the near future due to a combination of age, a desire to concentrate on farming and remoteness. Farm households that are... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poland; Diversification; Off-farm employment; Non-agricultural enterprises; Cluster analysis; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; R0; Q12. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24760 Integrating Multifunctionality of Agriculture in Regional Land Use Concepts AgEcon Ahrens, Heinz; Kantelhardt, Jochen. Because of high population density in Europe agriculture cannot define its aims on its own but has to take account of quite a number of demands from different actors. For instance, agriculture is expected to produce food and at the same time to contribute to the protection of cultural landscapes and the maintenance of ecological services. However, land use concepts are often formulated ecology-oriented neglectingsocio-economic objectives and potential production responses of farmers. The present paper is aimed to illustrate how multi-criteria analysis can be used to transform a primarily ecology-oriented land use concept for an ecologically very sensitive region into a more integrative and comprehensive one that makes due allowance for socio-economic... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Multi-criteria analysis; Multifunctionality of agriculture; Regional land-use concepts; Land Economics/Use; Q21; Q51; Q59; R0. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25483 Job Creation in Italy: Geography, Determinants and Perspectives AgEcon Peri, Giovanni; Cunat, Alejandro. The extremely large disparities in employment rates across Italian regions, and the bad performance of the Italian economy in terms of job creation in the 80´s and early 90´s make job creation a top-priority in the economic policy agenda. This paper uses data on employment from 784 Local Labor Systems (LLS´s) covering the whole Italian territory to analyze job creation and its covariates for the 1981-1996 period. Local agglomeration economies, in particular input-output linkages, social characteristics, in particular the crime rate, and infrastructure growth are found to be important determinants of employment growth across Italian LLS´s. Using these estimates and data relative to 1996, we assess the potential for job creation in the LLS´s for the next... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Local Agglomeration Economies; Employment Growth; Italian Regions; Labor and Human Capital; R0; R3; O1. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26385 Market Access and Rural Poverty in Tanzania AgEcon Minot, Nicholas. Economic reforms in Tanzania have resulted in low inflation and solid economic growth, but many observers question whether the standard of living of ordinary Tanzanians has improved. Furthermore, there is a strong suspicion that the benefits have been concentrated among the urban population and among rural households with good market access, leaving remote rural households behind. In this paper, we demonstrate a new approach to measuring poverty trends over time. First, the relationship between poverty and household characteristics is estimated using household budget survey data. Second, this relationship is applied to the same characteristics in Demographic and Health Surveys, four of which have been carried out in Tanzania. The results suggest that the... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poverty; Market access; Tanzania; Economic reforms; Food Security and Poverty; C0; I3; O1; Q13; R0. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25603 Place of Work and Place of Residence: Informal Hiring Networks and Labor Market Outcomes AgEcon Bayer, Patrick; Ross, Stephen L.; Topa, Giorgio. We use a novel dataset and research design to empirically detect the effect of social interactions among neighbors on labor market outcomes. Specifically, using Census data that characterize residential and employment locations down to the city block, we examine whether individuals residing in the same block are more likely to work together than those in nearby blocks. We find evidence of significant social interactions operating at the block level: residing on the same versus nearby blocks increases the probability of working together by over 33 percent. The results also indicate that this referral effect is stronger when individuals are similar in sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., both have children of similar ages) and when at least one individual... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Neighborhood effects; Job referrals; Social interactions; Social networks; Labor supply; Labor and Human Capital; J0; J2; J3; J6; R0. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28433 Poverty Mapping in Rural Syria for Enhanced Targeting AgEcon Szonyi, Judit A.; de Pauw, Eddy; La Rovere, Roberto; Aw-Hassan, Aden. Poverty maps allow assessing the well-being of rural population in a spatial context and identifying poverty hotspots. The maps can be used for regional policy analysis as they help in identifying areas where the rural poor live and where rural poverty is determined by the endowment and quality of natural resources and by population pressure. Natural resource endowment was assessed in the study by calculating an Agricultural Resource Index based on the availability of different major agricultural resources. Income per-capita was calculated by using census data, adjusted by the rural population density. The results show that the better income areas of Syria are located in the irrigated or higher-rainfall areas, but lower-income pockets exist due to the... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Poverty maps; Resource endowment; Agricultural income distribution; GIS; Syria; Food Security and Poverty; C21; C8; D3; I3; R0. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25564 Residential Segregation in General Equilibrium AgEcon Bayer, Patrick; McMillan, Robert; Rueben, Kim. This paper studies the causes and consequences of racial segregation using a new general equilibrium model that treats neighborhood compositions as endogenous. The model is estimated using unusually detailed restricted Census microdata covering the entire San Francisco Bay Area, and in combination with a rich array of econometric estimates, serves as a powerful tool for carrying out counterfactual simulations that shed light on the causes and consequences of segregation. In terms of causes, and contrasting with prior research, our GE simulations indicate that equalizing income and education across race would be unlikely to result in significant reductions in racial segregation, as minority households would sort into newly formed minority neighborhoods.... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Segregation; General equilibrium; Endogenous sorting; Urban housing market; Locational equilibrium; Counterfactual simulation; Discrete choice; Labor and Human Capital; H0; J7; R0; R2. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28517 Rural Broadband Internet Access Supply and Demand AgEcon Stenberg, Peter L.; Morehart, Mitchell J.. Internet use has grown rapidly over the last 15 years and so has its integration into the rural economy. Connecting to the Internet via high-speed technology such as DSL lines, cable, satellite, and wireless networks increases bandwidth and makes the Internet much more useful to businesses, households, and governments. Rural households are almost as likely as urban households to use the Internet. Broadband Internet access in rural areas has been less prevalent than in much more densely populated areas of the country. Evidence suggests that the difference may lie in the higher cost or less availability of broadband Internet access in rural areas. The paucity of national geographically-specific data, however, presents a challenge in trying to analyze... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Broadband Internet access; Rural communities; Farm communities; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; O33; R0. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49361 Rural Diversification and Social Capital in Rural Japan AgEcon Sakurai, Seiichi; Yokoyama, Shigeki. This study investigates the effect of community factors on the development and diversification of rural Japan. Diversification is a matter of concern in rural communities as a means of revitalizing regional socio-economies. To establish new diversified activities, cooperation between rural residents is essential. Social capital (SC) is an important community factor that facilitates collective community action. The area analyzed in this study is the Awa area, where various kinds of agro-related activities have emerged, including rural-urban exchanges and agro-tourism. Traditional customs are also preserved in the area. We conducted both community and household-level surveys to collect data and investigate the general characteristics of the study area.... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; M2; O18; Q13; Q26; R0. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25550 Rural Gaps in Participation in Early Childhood Education AgEcon Temple, Judy A.. While state government spending on early education has grown in recent years, accessibility of preschool programs for rural children remains a problem. Using census-tract data from a nationally-representative data set on U.S. children, multinomial logit estimation reveals significant differences in early education experiences between rural and nonrural children. Both rural children and children of less-educated mothers are less likely to participate in preschool. This paper concludes by discussing the appropriate role of local, state, or federal governments in funding rural preschool programs. While early educational investments are being touted as effective economic development tools, the nature of the positive externalities associated with preschool... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Early education; Human capital; Preschool; Rural education; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; I2; R0; H4. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53085 Registros recuperados: 24 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última

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