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Linking Future Ecosystem Services and Future Human Well-being Ecology and Society
Butler, Colin D; Australian National University; colin.butler@anu.edu.au; Oluoch-Kosura, Willis; University of Nairobi; Willis.Kosura@aercafrica.org.
Ecosystem services are necessary, yet not sufficient for human well-being (however defined). Insufficient access to the ecosystem provisioning service of food is a particularly important factor in the loss of human well-being, but all ecosystem services contribute in some way to well-being. Although perhaps long obvious to ecologists, the links between ecosystems and aspects of human well-being, including health, have been less well understood among the social science community. This situation may now be starting to change, thanks in part to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). Causality between ecosystem services and well-being is bidirectional; it is increasingly clear that functioning societies can protect or enhance ecosystem services, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Cognitive potential; Conflict; Ecosystems; Health; Human well-being; Hunger; Nutrition; Scenarios; Surprise.
Ano: 2006
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Resilience: Accounting for the Noncomputable Ecology and Society
Carpenter, Stephen R; University of Wisconsin; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Folke, Carl; Stockholm University; Beijer Institute; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Scheffer, Marten; Wageningen University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Westley, Frances; University of Waterloo; fwestley@watarts.uwaterloo.ca.
Plans to solve complex environmental problems should always consider the role of surprise. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to emphasize known computable aspects of a problem while neglecting aspects that are unknown and failing to ask questions about them. The tendency to ignore the noncomputable can be countered by considering a wide range of perspectives, encouraging transparency with regard to conflicting viewpoints, stimulating a diversity of models, and managing for the emergence of new syntheses that reorganize fragmentary knowledge.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight Palavras-chave: Resilience; Adaptation; Transformation; Surprise.
Ano: 2009
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Resilience, Flexibility and Adaptive Management - - Antidotes for Spurious Certitude? Ecology and Society
Gunderson, Lance; Emory University; lgunder@emory.edu.
In many cases, a predicate of adaptive environmental assessment and management (AEAM) has been a search for flexibility in management institutions, or for resilience in the ecological system prior to structuring actions that are designed for learning. Many of the observed impediments to AEAM occur when there is little or no resilience in the ecological components (e.g., when there is fear of an ecosystem shift to an unwanted stability domain), or when there is a lack of flexibility in the extant power relationships among stakeholders. In these cases, a pragmatic solution is to seek to restore resilience or flexibility rather than to pursue a course of broad-scale, active adaptive management. Restoration of resilience and flexibility may occur through novel...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Active learning; Adaptive management; AEAM; Ecological resilience; Flexibility; Florida Everglades; Policy crisis; Restoration; Stability domain; Stakeholders; Surprise; Uncertainty..
Ano: 1999
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