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ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR PREDICTION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE VARIABLES OF BROILERS REA
Abreu,Lucas H. P.; Yanagi Junior,Tadayuki; Bahuti,Marcelo; Hernández-Julio,Yamid F.; Ferraz,Patrícia F. P..
ABSTRACT Due to a number of factors involving the thermal environment of a broiler cutting installation and its interaction with the physiological and productive responses of birds, artificial intelligence has been shown to be an interesting methodology to assist in the decision-making process. For this reason, the main aim of this work was to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict feed conversion (FC), water consumption (Cwater), and cloacal temperature (tclo) of broilers submitted to different air dry-bulb temperatures (24, 27, 30, and 33°C) and durations (1, 2, 3, and 4 days) of thermal stress in the second week of the production cycle. Relative humidity and wind speed were fixed at 60% and 0.2 ms−1, respectively. The experimental data...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Poultry; Thermal stress; Artificial intelligence.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000100001
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Changes in fatty acid composition in the giant clam Tridacna maxima in response to thermal stress ArchiMer
Dubousquet, Vaimiti; Gros, Emmanuelle; Berteaux-lecellier, Veronique; Viguier, Bruno; Raharivelomanana, Phila; Bertrand, Cédric; Lecellier, Gael J..
Temperature can modify membrane fluidity and thus affects cellular functions and physiological activities. This study examines lipid remodelling in the marine symbiotic organism, Tridacna maxima, during a time series of induced thermal stress, with an emphasis on the morphology of their symbiont Symbiodinium. First, we show that the French Polynesian giant clams harbour an important proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA), which reflects their tropical location. Second, in contrast to most marine organisms, the total lipid content in giant clams remained constant under stress, though some changes in their composition were shown. Third, the stress-induced changes in fatty acid (FA) diversity were accompanied by an upregulation of genes involved in lipids...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Thermal stress; Fatty acids; Differential expression; Antioxidant; Symbiodinium; Tridacna maxima.
Ano: 2016 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00361/47195/79514.pdf
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Different levels of hsp70 and hsc70 mRNA expression in Iberian fish exposed to distinct river conditions Genet. Mol. Biol.
Jesus,Tiago F.; Inácio,Ângela; Coelho,Maria M..
Comprehension of the mechanisms by which ectotherms, such as fish, respond to thermal stress is paramount for understanding the threats that environmental changes may pose to wild populations. Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones with an important role in several stress conditions such as high temperatures. In the Iberian Peninsula, particularly in Portugal, freshwater fish of the genus Squalius are subject to daily and seasonal temperature variations. To examine the extent to which different thermal regimes influence the expression patterns of hsp70 and hsc70 transcripts we exposed two species of Squalius (S. torgalensis and S. carolitertii) to different temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35 ºC). At 35 ºC, there was a significant increase in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cyprinidae; Heat shock proteins; Squalius; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000100009
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Effects of Flammulinavelutipes Stem Base on Microflora and Volatile Fatty Acids In Caecum of Growing Layers under Heat Stress Condition Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Wang,S; Mahfuz,S; Song,H.
ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Flammulinavelutipes stem base (FVS) on growth performance, microbial flora and volatile fatty acids of growing layers under heat stress condition. A total of 72 ISA Brown hens were randomly divided into six treatments: thermoneutral temperature control group (CON), heat stress control group (HS), heat stress antibiotic group (ANT) as positive control and heat stress FVS groups (20, 40 or 60 g/kg FVS). The experimental period had a duration of 28 d (days 84-112). On day 98, daily gain average was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the FVS groups than in the HS group. The number of bands in the FVS groups were higher (p<0.05) than in the HS group on day 98. The microbial similarity...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Laying hens; Thermal stress; Microbial flora; Mushroomstembase; Short chain fatty acids.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000400303
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Evaluation of some oxidative-stress and antioxidant markers in goats during estrous cycle under Egyptian environmental conditions R. Bras. Zootec.
Teama,Fatma Edrees Ibrahim.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to explore the impact of thermal stress on hormonal level and antioxidant activity in goats during various phases of the estrous cycle in the Egyptian summer. Forty cycling does were allocated to two groups (20 animals each) divided by season (mild/hot). Daily meteorological, rectal temperature, and respiratory rate data were recorded in the two seasons. The estrous cycle of the goats was synchronized by two intramuscular injections of 5 mg of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) at 11-day intervals. Blood samples were collected every two days and the levels of total antioxidant, malondialdehyde, and β-carotene were estimated. Total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, progesterone, and thyroxine (T4) hormones were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Β-carotene; Hot season; Malondialdehyde; Thermal stress; Total antioxidants.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982018000100200
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Factors that alter the biochemical biomarkers of environmental contamination in Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera, Chironomidae) Rev. Bras. entomol.
Rebechi-Baggio,Débora; Richardi,Vinicius S.; Vicentini,Maiara; Guiloski,Izonete C.; Assis,Helena C. Silva de; Navarro-Silva,Mário A..
ABSTRACT Changes in physiology of the nervous system and metabolism can be detected through the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alpha esterase (EST-a) and beta esterase (EST-ß) in chironomids exposed to pollutants. However, to understand the real effect of xenobiotics on organisms, it is important to investigate how certain factors can interfere with enzyme activity. We investigated the effects of different temperatures, food stress and two steps of the enzymatic protocol on the activity of AChE, EST-a and EST-ß in Chironomus sancticaroli. In experiment of thermal stress individuals from the egg stage to the fourth larval instar were exposed to different temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C). In food stress experiment, larvae were reared until IV instar...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Centrifugation; Freezing; Food stress; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262016000400341
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Heat-shock response and temperature resistance in the deep-sea vent shrimp Rimicaris exoculata ArchiMer
Ravaux, Juliette; Gaill, Françoise; Le Bris, Nadine; Sarradin, Pierre-marie; Jollivet, Didier; Shillito, Bruce.
The shrimp Rimicaris exoculata swarms around hydrothermal black smoker chimneys at most vent sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This species maintains close proximity to the hydrothermal fluid, where temperatures can reach 350degreesC and steep thermal and chemical gradients are expected. We performed in vivo experiments in pressurized aquaria to determine the upper thermal limit [critical thermal maximum (CTmax)] of R. exoculata and to investigate some characteristics of the shrimp stress response to heat exposure. These experiments showed that the shrimp does not tolerate sustained exposure to temperatures in the 33-37degreesC range (CTmax). A heat-inducible stress protein belonging to the hsp70 family was identified in R. exoculata, and its synthesis...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Heat shock; Shrimp; Rimicaris exoculata; Chaperone; IPOCAMP; Caridae; Crustacea; Thermal stress; Hydrothermal vent.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-417.pdf
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Hydrology, plankton, and corals of the Maracajaú reefs (Northeastern Brazil): an ecosystem under severe thermal stress BABT
Mayal,Elga Miranda; Neumann-Leitão,Sigrid; Feitosa,Fernando Antônio do Nascimento; Schwamborn,Ralf; Silva,Tâmara de Almeida e; Silva-Cunha,Maria da Glória Gonçalves da.
This study provides baseline information on the hydrological conditions and on the coral and plankton communities at the Maracajaú reef ecosystem (Northeastern Brazil). Studies were performed from February to June 2000, covering the transition from dry to rainy season. In this area, there is an offshore coral reef formation, where corals were observed in loco; the water samples were collected to obtain the hydrological and plankton data. Six scleractinian species were identified. Stable isotope analysis on the carbonate fraction of Favia gravida fragments showed that these corals were under severe thermal stress. Chlorophyll-a varied from 1.1 to 9.3 mg m-3, with higher values during the rainy season. Average zooplankton wet weight biomass were 117.0...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coral reefs; Hydrology; Plankton; Thermal stress; Human impacts.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000300019
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Influence of availability of shade on testicular characteristics of Santa Ines rams - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i.18479 Animal Sciences
Teodoro, Sônia Martins; Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia; Pereira, Alfredo Manuel Franco; Universidade de Évora; Gusmão Filho, José Dantas; Instituto Federal da Bahia; Silva, Jadir Nogueira da; Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of availability of artificial shading on testicular and seminal characteristics of Santa Ines crossbred rams. Twelve 8 month old rams at 38.1 ± 5.2 kg average weight, were used in a total random design with two treatments: areas with and without available artificial shading (black polyethylene mesh screen for a 50% reduction of solar radiation). The scrotal circumference, scrotal length, scrotal volume, rectal temperature and scrotal temperature were measured twice a week. Also a biweekly analysis of the semen was carried out, measuring the volume and spermatic concentration as well as the percentage of normal spermatozoa. The results show that available shading provided for lower scrotal temperatures...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: 5.00.00.00-4 - ciências agrárias; 5.05.04.00-2 - reprodução animal semen; Biometrics; Sheep; Shade; Thermal stress Semen; Biometrics; Sheep; Shade; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/18479
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Intestinal and pancreas enzyme activity of broilers exposed to thermal stress Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Routman,KS; Yoshida,L; Frizzas de Lima,AC; Macari,M; Pizauro Jr.,JM.
Thirty-two Hubbard broilers were raised under commercial husbandry to evaluate the effect of temperature exposure (26 and 35ºC) on the activity of digestive enzymes at different ages (23 and 46 days) and different diet energy levels (2,900 and 3,200 kcal ME/kg). Data were analyzed in a 2x2x2 factorial arrangement (energy/temperature/age) in a completely randomized design. Animals were slaughtered after four hours of heat exposure for sampling of an intestinal segment, to extract alkaline phosphatase, and pancreas, to extract amylase, lipase and trypsin. The activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase was influenced by energy level and animal age. Energy level of diet and environmental temperature interfered on the activity of pancreatic amylase. Lipase...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Broilers; Digestive enzymes; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2003000100003
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Microclimate and thermal comfort indices in silvopastoral systems under different planting directions and seasons AGRIAMBI
Carvalho,Rafael P. de; Heid,Debora M.; Davide,Livia M. C.; Piletti,Ligia M. M. da S.; Jesus,Fernanda L. F. de; Viegas Neto,Antonio L..
ABSTRACT The orientation of tree-rows in a silvopastoral system associated with different seasons of the year allows more or less sunlight penetration, resulting in deliberate modification of the microclimate composition and thermal conditions provided to animals. In this sense, the aims of this study were to evaluate microclimatic variables and thermal comfort indices for east-west and north-south oriented silvopastoral systems, compared to unshaded systems during summer and winter. The study was conducted at the Modelo II Farm (21° 08’ S 53° 17’ W) at an altitude of 354 m. A randomized block design in scheme of split-split plots with five repetitions was adopted. Two planting directions and a control treatment (unshaded) were evaluated in the plots....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Thermal stress; Shading; Seasons; Eucalyptus.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662020000400266
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Morphological analysis of testes from post-hatch chicks submitted to temperature variation during incubation - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v33i2.8187 Biological Sciences
Amaral, Rodrigo de Souza; Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB; Siqueira Filho, Emivaldo de; Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB; Coser, Leonardo Augusto Silva; Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB; Euzebio, Umberto; Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília - UnB.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature variation during incubation on testicular morphology of post-hatch chicks. We utilized 60 eggs incubated under different temperatures: Group 1 – 37.5°C; Group 2 – 39.5°C; and Group 3 – 34°C. Chicks were weighted and the testes were histologically analyzed. All eggs from Group 3 showed embryonic death. There were no significant differences in body weight and testicular morphology between Groups 1 and 2; however, there was a difference in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules (p < 0.001). The increase in temperature to 39.5°C during incubation causes a decrease in diameter of the seminiferous tubules.
Tipo: Estudos morfológicos Palavras-chave: 2.06.02.00-6 Gallus gallus domesticus; Thermal stress; Embryonic development; Seminiferous tubules; Morphogenesis Embriologia Gallus gallus domesticus; Thermal stress; Embryonic development; Seminiferous tubules; Morphogenesis.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/8187
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Physiological and productive responses of environmental control on housed sows Scientia Agricola
Romanini,Carlos Eduardo Bites; Tolon,Yamilia Barrios; Nääs,Irenilza de Alencar; Moura,Daniella Jorge de.
Swine housing must promote an adjusted environment for thermal comfort and high animal productivity without negatively affecting the sow performance and reproductive response. This study evaluated the use of distinct environmental cooling equipments on sow performance, both on the gestation and on nursing in open sided housing. Two treatments were tested in the gestation building: natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation associated to fogging; while in the nursing rooms three treatments were tested: natural ventilation; mechanical ventilation; and evaporative cooling with forced ventilation. Sows were randomly chosen from the same genetic lot form six combined treatments. The evaporative cooling system in the farrowing room differed for piglet...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gestating sows; Lactating sows; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000400002
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Pupillary stress index: A new thermal comfort index for crossbred goats AGRIAMBI
Lopes Neto,José P.; Marques,Jordânio I.; Furtado,Dermeval A.; Lopes,Fernanda F. de M.; Borges,Valéria P.; Araújo,Tiago G. P..
ABSTRACT Goats are homeothermic animals considered as rustic from the bioclimatic point of view, but the reduction of their productive efficiency may occur in unfavorable thermal conditions. The present study was carried out to evaluate pupil dilation as an indicator of thermal stress in Boer crossbred goats maintained under controlled environmental conditions. Six male crossbred goats of the Boer breed were distributed in a completely randomized design submitted to temperatures of 26, 29 and 33 °C. The pupillary dilation and pupillary temperature, respiratory frequency, heart rate, surface and rectal temperatures were monitored. The significant increase in physiological responses occurred in response to the increase in air temperature. An increase of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Physiology; Pupillometry; Thermal stress; Physiological responses.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018001200866
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Spatial variability of air dry bulb temperature and black globe humidity index in a broiler house during the heating phase REA
Ponciano,Patrícia F.; Yanagi Junior,Tadayuki; Ferraz,Gabriel A. E S.; Scalon,João D.; Schiassi,Leonardo.
The air dry-bulb temperature (t db),as well as the black globe humidity index (BGHI), exert great influence on the development of broiler chickens during their heating phase. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the structure and the magnitude of the t db and BGHI spatial variability, using geostatistics tools such as semivariogram analysis and also producing kriging maps. The experiment was conducted in the west mesoregion of the states of Minas Gerais in 2010, in a commercial broiler house with heating system consisting of two furnaces that heat the air indirectly, in the firsts 14 days of the birds' life. The data were registered at intervals of five minutes in the period from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. The variables were evaluated by variograms...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Broiler chickens; Kriging; Chick; Semivariogram; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162013000300001
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Temperature resistance studies on the deep-sea vent shrimp Mirocaris fortunata ArchiMer
Shillito, B; Le Bris, Nadine; Hourdez, S; Ravaux, J; Cottin, D; Caprais, Jean-claude; Jollivet, D; Gaill, F.
The shrimp Mirocaris fortunata is a hydrothermal vent species that is found at most vent-sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This endemic species is found across a hydrothermal gradient, with thermal conditions ranging from 2-9 degrees C in ambient seawater to fairly warm values of about 25 degrees C. We performed in vivo experiments on M. fortunata specimens originating from different sites and depths (850 m to 2300 m), both at atmospheric pressure and in pressurized aquaria, to characterise the upper thermal limits of this species. Atmospheric pressure results show that thermal physiology should be studied at each population's native pressure. At in situ pressure, shrimps from Menez Gwen (850 m depth) and Lucky Strike (1700 m depth) do not survive...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: IPOCAMP TM; Crustacea; Mirocaris fortunata; Thermal stress; Hydrothermal vent.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1240.pdf
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The Effect of Cyclic Heat Stress Applied to Different Broiler Chicken Brooding Stages on Animal Performance and Carcass Yield Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Marchini,CFP; Fernandes,EA; Nascimento,MRBM; Araújo,EG; Guimarães,EC; Bueno,JPR; Fagundes,NS; Café,MB.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass yield of broilers submitted to heat stress during different rearing stages. A total of 840 one-day-old CobbAvian48TM male broilers were housed in an experimental house equipped with conventional ventilation system and foggers. Birds were distributed according to a completely randomized design into four treatments, with six replicates of 35 birds each. The treatments consisted of: T1 (control) - birds reared under natural temperature and relative humidity conditions from 1 to 42 days of age; T2 - birds submitted to heat stress (HS) from 16 to 21 days of age; T3 - birds submitted to HS from 22 to 42 days of age; and T4 - birds submitted to HS from 16 to 42 days of age. Birds...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Air humidity; Carcass traits; Environmental temperature; Poultry; Thermal stress.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2018000400765
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The impact of evaporative cooling on the thermoregulation and sensible heat loss of sows during farrowing REA
Justino,Eliene; Nääs,Irenilza de A.; Carvalho,Thayla M. R.; Neves,Diego P.; Salgado,Douglas D'Alessandro.
Pigs are more sensitive to high environmental temperatures explained by the inability of sweating and panting properly when compared to other species of farmed livestock. The evaporative cooling system might favor the thermal comfort of animals during exposure to extreme environmental heat and reduce the harmful effects of heat stress. The purpose of this study was to assess the sensible heat loss and thermoregulation parameters from lactating sows during summer submitted to two different acclimatization systems: natural and evaporative cooling. The experiment was carried out in a commercial farm with 72 lactating sows. The ambient variables (temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) and sows physiological parameters (rectal temperature, surface...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Ventilation; Thermal stress; Panting; Surface temperature; Swine; Lactation.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162014000600003
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Thermal comfort index and infrared temperatures for lambs subjected to different environmental conditions Scientia Agricola
Paim,Tiago do Prado; Martins,Rafhael Felipe Saraiva; Cardoso,Cyntia; Dallago,Bruno; Louvandini,Helder; McManus,Concepta.
There is an abundance of thermal indices with different input parameters and applicabilities. Infrared thermography is a promising technique for evaluating the response of animals to the environment and differentiating between genetic groups. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate superficial body temperatures of lambs from three genetic groups under different environmental conditions, correlating these with thermal comfort indices. Forty lambs (18 males and 22 females) from three genetic groups (Santa Inês, Ile de France × Santa Inês and Dorper × Santa Inês) were exposed to three climatic conditions: open air, housed and artificial heating. Infrared thermal images were taken weekly at 6h, 12h and 21h at the neck, front flank, rear flank, rump, nose,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Brazilian savanna; Bioclimatology; Thermal stress; Wind protection; Artificial warming.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162014000500002
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Thermal comfort temperature update for broiler chickens up to 21 days of age REA
Cassuce,Déborah C.; Tinôco,Ilda de F. F.; Baêta,Fernando C.; Zolnier,Sérgio; Cecon,Paulo R.; Vieira,Maria de F. A..
Due to changes in genetics and nutrition, as well as in acclimatization of broiler chickens to the Brazilian climate, temperature values currently accepted as optimal may be outdated. The objective of this research was to update the environment temperatures that characterize the thermal comfort for broilers chickens from one to 21 days of age, under Brazilian production conditions. This research was conducted with 600 COBB birds, which were distributed in five growth chambers maintained at different temperatures during the first three weeks of age. During the experimental period, temperature values were progressively reduced, consisting in five treatments: T2724/21, T30/27/24, T33/30/27, T36/33/30 and T39/36/33. It was observed that the birds maintained in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Thermal stress; Aviculture; Performance.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162013000100004
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