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A time-energy analysis of daytime surface activity in degus, Octodon degus RChHN
Kenagy,G.J.; Vásquez,Rodrigo A.; Nespolo,Roberto F.; Bozinovic,Francisco.
We present an analysis of time and energy allocation in a day-active caviomorph rodent, the degu, Octodon degus, in central Chile. We quantified components of surface activity in the field on a daily basis in individual degus near the time of the summer solstice, when conditions of heat and aridity were also at a seasonal extreme, in order to answer the following questions. Does the absolute time available for surface activity limit performance? Does the allocation of time and energy for locomotion place a functionally significant limitation on overall energy balance and performance? Degus spent about 2/3 of their above-ground time foraging; they remained stationary about 88 % of the time, walked around slowly about 10 %, and were running rapidly from one...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Time; Energy; Activity; Central Chile.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2002000100014
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Addressing the temporal fit of institutions: the regulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in Europe Ecology and Society
Honkela, Nina; Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki; nina.honkela@helsinki.fi; Hukkinen, Janne I.; Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki; Department of Economics and Management, University of Helsinki; janne.i.hukkinen@helsinki.fi.
The concept of temporal fit between biophysical systems and institutions has lately received great attention by scholars interested in environmental governance. Although we agree that the concept of temporal fit is a valuable approach for highlighting the temporal challenges of governance systems, we argue that the concept is currently lacking precision with regard to temporal complexity. We build on Barbara Adam’s work on “timescapes” to offer a more nuanced account of temporal fit and misfit. We illustrate the analytical usefulness of our approach by examining the regulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within European Union’s Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals; Institutional fit; REACH; Temporal fit; Time; Timescape.
Ano: 2014
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Comparative study on phase changing material for refrigeration effect for milk chilling CIGR Journal
Sharma, Amandeep; Gupta, Silvy; Kaur, Kulwinder.
 In developed countries the milking collection is done to process in various diary plants situated far away from production areas.  There is a problem of cool chain management, which, generally is absent at farm levels.  To manage the cool chain in milk transportation system right from farm level it is required that some locally available techniques/materials should be selected and used for milk chilling.  The objective of current study is to ascertain mechanism for chilling of milk at farm immediately after milking.  The experiments were conducted and the cooling performance was evaluated by noting down the drop in temperature with respect to time using mercury thermometer.  The respective regression equation and R2 value were obtained for every run of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: PCM; Ice; Milk; Insulation; Temperature drop; Time.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2890
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Consumer Food Safety Risk Attitudes and Perceptions Over Time: The Case of BSE Crisis AgEcon
Kalogeras, Nikos; Pennings, Joost M.E.; van Ittersum, Koert.
Recent research has shown that by decoupling the risk response behaviour of consumers into the separate components of risk perception and risk attitude, a more robust conceptualization and prediction of consumers’ reactions to food safety issues is possible. Furthermore, it has been argued that the influence of risk attitudes and risk perceptions on consumer risk behaviour for contaminated food products can be used to formulate effective agricultural policies and strategies in case of a food crisis. The question arises whether or not the influence and magnitude of these risk variables changes over time and, hence, whether policies and strategies must be adapted. The BSE (mad cow disease) crises in the USA, Germany and The Netherlands in 2001 and 2004...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Consumer risk behaviour; Food safety; Risk attitude; Risk perception; Time; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44156
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Effect of exogenous nitric oxide on sperm motility in vitro Biol. Res.
Wang,Jiangtao; He,Qingliu; Yan,Xingyu; Cai,Youmei; Chen,Junyi.
BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to be important in sperm function, and the concentration of NO appears to determine these effects. Studies have demonstrated both positive and negative effects of NO on sperm function, but have not been able to provide a clear link between NO concentration and the extent of exposure to NO. To study the relationship between nitric oxide and sperm capacitationin vitro, and to provide a theoretical basis for the use of NO-related preparations in improving sperm motility for in vitro fertilization, we investigated the effects of NO concentration and time duration at these concentrations on in vitro sperm capacitation in both normal and abnormal sperm groups. We manipulated NO concentrations and the time duration of...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Nitric oxide; Sperm capacitation; Sperm motility; Time; Human.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602014000100044
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Effects of different autoclaving parameters on the nutritional compositions of raw milk samples CIGR Journal
OLUSHOLA, SUNMONU MUSLIU; MAYOKUN, ODEWOLE MICHAEL; OLAMIDE, OYEDUN ALIU; OPEYEMI, OLA FUNMILAYO; MUSLIM, HAMID TAYE.
As milk provides a substantial amount of vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy content, it is considered a nutrient dense food The difference and changes in the nutritional compositions (Protein, fat, carbohydrate, moisture content, ash content, fibre content, magnesium and calcium)  of  White Fulani, Sokoto Gudali and mixture of the two breeds were investigated before and after autoclaving  of milk samples in glass, aluminium and stainless steel containers at various temperatures of 1100C,1210Cand 1300C with autoclaving time of 10minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes. The heat treatment was done using MA-DONAX YX-280A Vertical Column Autoclave of 18Litre capacity of pressure of 0.14MPa – 0.165MPa. The results were evaluated using ANOVA at p 0.05....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Breeds; Milk; Nutritional; Temperature; Time.
Ano: 2021 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6147
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Época de semeadura do milho safrinha, com base na deficiência hídrica e no risco de geada, na região sul de Mato Grosso do Sul. Infoteca-e
FIETZ, C. R.; CECCON, G.; COMUNELLO, E.; FLUMIGNAN, D. L..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Time; Milho; Sowing.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/971806
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Ethology of cross-breed cows milked in the presence or absence of calves Animal Sciences
Silva, Vinícius Lopes da; Silva, Fabiano Ferreira da; Silva, Robério Rodrigues; Teixeira, Fábio Andrade; Costa-Lopes, Lívia Santos; Souza, Danilo Ribeiro de.
The behavior of crossbreed cows, milked in the presence or absence of their calves, was analyzed. The trial was conducted on the Dairy Cattle Sector of UESB School of Animal Science in Itapetinga BA Brazil. Twenty crossbreedHolsteinx Gir cows were distributed in a randomized block design with 10 replications for each treatment for the experimental period of 31 days, during lactation. Results were analyzed by nonparametric chi-square test at 5% significance, except the variables time at the milking sector and milk production which were evaluated by analysis of variance and F test at 5% probability. Although cows with the presence of calves during milking had higher reactivity, behavioral activities and more time in the milking sector, milk production was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: 5.04.05.02-0 lactation; Production; Reactivity; Time.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/22959
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Interference of germination time on chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of white sesame (Sesamum Indicum) Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
MARES,Luísa Fernandes de Menezes; PASSOS,Maria Cristina; MENEZES,Camila Carvalho.
Abstract The consumption of white sesame has become a healthy option for those who are concerned about health and wish to reduce oxidative stress. The germination has been used an effective method to increase the nutrients availability and thus provide a better nutritional quality of these seeds. Due to the lack of researches about sesame germination the objective of this study was to evaluate the different times of germination on the chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein and ashes), the antioxidant capacity and the phenolic compounds of white sesame. The germination occurred inside a greenhouse with controlled temperature at 30 °C and the variables were analyzed in the times 0, 24, 36 and 48 hours of germination. The process increased the levels of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Nutrients; Phenolic compounds; Antioxidant capacity; Time.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612018000500248
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Optimisation of Process Parameters for Vacuum Concentration and Foaming Behaviour of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) Gel CIGR Journal
Mahapatra, Suryakanta; Srivastav, Prem Prakash; Halder, Kumaresh.
This study on Aloe vera gel was conducted to investigate the optimum condition for vacuum concentration in relation to its physicochemical properties and optimum foaming condition of the concentrated products which was used as raw material of foam mat drying. Twenty experiments were conducted for vacuum concentration at different temperature and time combinations. Solutions of numerical optimisation were obtained by using Design-Expert program 7.0 of stat-Ease software for the optimum concentration condition covering the criteria as temperature 55⁰C and time 60 min for concentration are- ascorbic acid 4.095%, total soluble solids  3.6 ºBx, total solids 3.7% , acidity 0.0698 % (as malic acid) and pH 4.97, while the experimental values at temperature 55⁰C...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Post harvest engineering and Food Processing optimisation; Aloe vera gel; Vacuum concentration; Temperature; Time; Foam expansion; Foam stability.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3709
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Optimisation of the liquid-liquid extraction of soybean oil using a binary mixture1 Rev. Ciênc. Agron.
Martins,Glêndara Aparecida de Souza; Peluzio,Joênes Mucci.
The soybean has been widely studied due to its constituents and to their application. Authors have pointed out that its composition can vary, with its use frequently taking the form of oil. The oil extraction process, which is in constant application in the market, consists of the use of extraction solvents, with hexane being one of the most used; however the fact that this comes from non-renewable sources has aroused interest in its replacement. As a result, ethanol has been seen as an alternative solvent, despite increasing the cost of the process. This study therefore aims to evaluate the composition of three soybean cultivars planted in the region of Palmas, in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, and to optimise oil extraction from the beans through the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Extraction Solvent; Temperature; Time.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902015000100064
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Time and the Valuation of Environmental Resources AgEcon
Smith, V. Kerry.
This paper considers the modeling strategies that have been used to incorporate time in revealed and stated preference methods for valuing environmental resources. After reviewing a subset of the economic models for describing time as an input to household production; time in creating habits and persistence in demand for particular services of environmental resources, and time as offering an opportunity for future consumption, the overview suggests that time has been used as a complement in production or consumption to marketed goods in each of these frameworks. The paper suggests two possible alternatives. This structure along with further restrictions to preferences or technology implies that there are other strategies for using revealed preference data...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Time; Revealed preference; Complementarity; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q20; Q26; H40.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10485
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Trade-offs across Space, Time, and Ecosystem Services Ecology and Society
Beard, Jr., T. Douglas; U.S. Geological Survey; Dbeard@usgs.gov; Bennett, Elena M; McGill University; elena.bennett@mcgill.ca; Cumming, Graeme S.; University of Florida; cummingg@wec.ufl.edu; Cork, Steven J; Land & Water Australia; steve.cork@lwa.gov.au; Agard, John; University of the West Indies; johnagard@yahoo.com / jagard@fsa.uwi.tt; Dobson, Andrew P.; Princeton University; dobber@princeton.edu; Peterson, Garry D.; McGill University; garry.peterson@mcgill.ca.
Ecosystem service (ES) trade-offs arise from management choices made by humans, which can change the type, magnitude, and relative mix of services provided by ecosystems. Trade-offs occur when the provision of one ES is reduced as a consequence of increased use of another ES. In some cases, a trade-off may be an explicit choice; but in others, trade-offs arise without premeditation or even awareness that they are taking place. Trade-offs in ES can be classified along three axes: spatial scale, temporal scale, and reversibility. Spatial scale refers to whether the effects of the trade-off are felt locally or at a distant location. Temporal scale refers to whether the effects take place relatively rapidly or slowly. Reversibility expresses the likelihood...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Space; Time; Synergisms; Trade-offs.
Ano: 2006
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Yam (Discorea sp) drying with different cuts and temperatures: experimental and simulated results Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
FIOREZE,Romeu; MORINI,Bruno.
The yam (Discorea sp) is a tuber rich in carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts, besides several components that serve as raw material for medicines. It grows well in tropical and subtropical climates and develops well in zones with an annual pluvial precipitation of around 1300mm, and with cultural treatments, its productivity can exceed 30t/ha. When harvested, the tubers possess about 70% of moisture, and are merchandised "in natura", in the atmospheric temperature, which can cause its fast deterioration. The present work studied the drying of the yam in the form of slices of 1.0 and 2.5cm thickness, as well as in the form of fillets with 1.0 x 1.0 x 5.0cm, with the drying air varying from 40 to 70°C. The equating of the process was accomplished,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Yam; Drying; Time; Energy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612000000200023
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