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A bioüzemanyag-gyártás nemzetközi összefüggései AgEcon
Popp, Jozsef.
A dráguló olajár „felszínre hozta” a fosszilis energiahordozók környezetbarát energiahordozókkal való kiváltásának problémáját. Az olajkészletek korlátozottsága mellett a bizonytalan kitermelés és a folyamatosan növekvő árak a bioüzemanyagok felé irányítják a politikai döntéshozók és a befektetők figyelmét. Az olajimportőr országoknak a bioüzemanyag-gyártás nyersanyagainak hazai termelése lehetővé teszi importköltségeik visszafogását, az üvegházhatást okozó gázok kibocsátásának csökkentését, valamint a mezőgazdasági termelők jövedelem-színvonalának javítását. A bioüzemanyagok elterjedése ugyanakkor enyhíti a kapacitása határán dolgozó olajfinomító ipar üzemanyag-ellátási terheit is, ami jelentős mértékben hozzájárul(t) az üzemanyagárak emelkedéséhez. Ma...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bioüzemanyag; Közlekedés; Környezetvédelem; Energiaellátás; Élelmiszer-termelés; Biofuel; Transportation; Environment; Energy supply; Food production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57723
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A Transportation Alliance of Environmental Horticulture Producers in Georgia: Issues and Feasibility AgEcon
Stegelin, Forrest E.; Mantilla, Javier; Houston, Jack E.; Thomas, Paul A.; Chappell, Matthew R..
Transportation and shipping costs of ornamental horticulture are 10% of total cost of production in Georgia. With many small to medium sized producers using their own independent transportation system, methods to optimize vehicle operations are desired. Will a transportation alliance reduce shipping costs, increase distribution efficiencies, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions among ornamental plants producers in Georgia? The study shows alliances are not only feasible, they have average total cost savings of 9%, average total miles driven savings of 8%, average number of trucks savings of 8%, average driving hours savings of 15%, and average carbon dioxide emissions savings of 8%.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Transportation; Logistics; Efficiencies; Savings; Environmental horticulture; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60995
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Agricultural development in the northern area of Thailand Thai Agricultural
Prapatana Sittisung.
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Northern area; Thailand; Production technology; Post harvest; Transportation; Marketing; Storage; Exports; Irrigation; Education; Research; ข้าวโพด; เทคโนโลยีการผลิต; เทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว; การขนส่ง; การตลาด; การเก็บรักษา; การส่งออก; การให้น้ำชลประทาน; การศึกษา; การวิจัย; แรงงาน.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/3998
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Broiler and swine production: animal welfare legislation scenario Scientia Agricola
Silva,Raquel Baracat Tosi Rodrigues da; Nääs,Irenilza de Alencar; Moura,Daniella Jorge de.
Brazil is the world largest meat exporter and one of the most recent demands of the import market is directed towards animal welfare. Codes, norms and legislations used in Brazil are out of date, and in most cases those adopted for both poultry and swine production are based on international standards to meet trade requirements. This research aimed to study and describe an overall scenario of the standards, norms and legislations for animal welfare items applied to broiler and swine production: rearing, handling and transportation. The critical points of these items were identified in accordance to standards and current literature on animal welfare issues, effective on January 2008. The comparison was based on given scores varying from 1-5 (very bad to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Animal production; Rearing; Transportation; Environment; Norms.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162009000600001
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CANADIAN TRANSPORTATION AND GRAIN HANDLING: ISSUES AFFECTING THE NORTH AMERICAN BARLEY SECTOR AgEcon
Park, Joon J.; Wilson, William W.; Johnson, D. Demcey.
The Canadian grain handling and transportation system has undergone substantial change in recent years, particularly since the elimination of rail subsidies in 1995. Competitive pressures and branch line abandonment have forced many primary elevators to close, while scores of new high-throughput elevators have been constructed across the Prairies. Rationalization of the grain handling system and proposals for further deregulation of rail transportation are driven by the need to improve system efficiency. Policy recommendations of the Estey Report (notably, the elimination of rail rate caps, and 'port buying' by the Canadian Wheat Board) would have important consequences for the grain trade and are contentious issues within Canada. Changes in grain...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Grain handling; Transportation; Barley; Canadian Wheat Board; Regulatory reform; Rationalization; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23158
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CHINA'S FOOD AND AGRICULTURE: ISSUES FOR THE 21ST CENTURY AgEcon
China's impact on world agricultural markets in coming decades will depend on many factors. Growing income and transition to modern urban lifestyles will increase demand for all foods, but demand will shift toward meat and high-value products. WTO accession may increase openness of China's agricultural trade and allow more imports. An understanding of geographic variations of consumption, production, trade, and policy is critical to understanding the vast China market. Development of transportation infrastructure and market channels will make it easier for food products to reach consumers. China's approach to biotechnology and its reform of institutions for allocating land, labor, and water inputs have important implications for agricultural productive...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: China; Food; Agriculture; Production; Consumption; Regions; International trade; Biotechnology; Livestock; Land; Irrigation; Retail; Transportation; Marketing; Rural development; Labor markets; Statistics; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33723
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Citizen, Science, Highways, and Wildlife: Using a Web-based GIS to Engage Citizens in Collecting Wildlife Information Ecology and Society
Lee, Tracy; University of Calgary; tracy@rockies.ca; Quinn, Michael S; University of Calgary; quinn@ucalgary.ca; Duke, Danah; University of Calgary; danah@rockies.ca.
Road Watch in the Pass is a citizen-science project that engages local citizens in reporting wildlife observations along a 44-km stretch of Highway 3 through Crowsnest Pass in southwestern Alberta, Canada. The numbers of wildlife vehicle collisions and a recent proposal to expand the highway have raised concerns from both human safety and wildlife conservation perspectives. Through the use of a web-based GIS, interested citizens can contribute information that will be instrumental in making final decisions concerning measures to mitigate the effects of highway expansion. Currently, 58 people have contributed over 713 observations to Road Watch. We performed a preliminary comparison of 11 months of Road Watch observations and wildlife mortality data for...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Citizen science; Crowsnest Pass; Highways; Road ecology; Transportation; Web-based GIS; Wildlife-vehicle collisions.
Ano: 2006
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Comportamento do mercado de preços de fretes rodoviários de açúcar para exportação no Estado de São Paulo AgEcon
Carvalho, Leandro Bernardino de; Caixeta Filho, Jose Vicente.
Currently, Brazil is the greatest worldwide producer and exporter of sugar. Therefore, it is expected better defined forms to restrict high costs, which are normally present in many of the factors involved in the process of production and product commercialization. Under that context, this study searched to characterize the distribution process of the sugar produced in State of São Paulo, indicating in a summarized manner, the main agents involved within the sector, the flow observed by the product until its final delivery and the evolution of transport prices and final prices of the product during the months of the year. The method used to conduct this research was based on primary data survey and on the application of specialized econometric models. In...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Freight; Transportation; Sugar; Logistics; Exports; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55174
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DEREGULATION AND INNOVATION IN RAILROAD SHIPPING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES: 1972-1995 AgEcon
Wilson, Wesley W.; Wilson, William W..
This paper describes the important changes that occurred in the U.S. grain handling and transportation system in the period following deregulation in 1980. This system has evolved and will continue to do so in response to technological and institutional changes, competitive pressures, and a changed regulatory regime. The effect has been to induce investments throughout the system ultimately to improve the efficiency. Some of the important rail innovations include the use of rate discounts to induce more efficient movements from origins first, and more recently at destinations. In addition, each railroad has adopted car allocation systems comprising several mechanisms, giving shippers logistical choices which have also facilitated more efficient...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Transportation; Grain; Logistics; Public Economics.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23090
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Desenvolvimento de embalagem plastica para transporte e comercializacao de pimentao. Infoteca-e
LUENGO, R. F. A.; MOITA, W. A..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Embalagem Plastica; Sweet pepper; Plastic packaging; Postharvest; Capsicum Annuum; Comercialização; Pimentão; Plástico; Pós-Colheita; Transporte; Marketing; Plastics; Transportation.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/769302
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Desenvolvimento de embalagem plastica para transporte e comercializacao de tomate. Infoteca-e
LUENGO, R. de F. A.; MOITA, A. W..
Atualmente, no Brasil, a embalagem mais usada para tomate continua sendo a caixa de madeira que era usada para transportar querosene na Segunda Guerra Mundial, há meio século, conhecida por caixa ´K´. Os aspectos desejáveis da caixa 'K' incluem o fato de ser retornável e resistente. Os aspectos indesejáveis incluem o fato de possuir superfície áspera; alojar patógenos, funcionando como fonte de inóculo; aberturas laterais cortantes; profundidade excessiva, que comporta grande número de camadas de produtos; ser tampada. Essas características favorecem às injúrias mecânicas e comprometem a durabilidade e qualidade das hortaliças. Sabendo-se que as necessidades de proteção dos produtos vegetais são diferentes, torna-se necessário que as embalagens para...
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Postharvest; Comercialização; Embalagem; Lycopersicon Esculentum; Perda Pós-Colheita; Pós-Colheita; Tomate; Transporte; Marketing; Postharvest losses; Packaging; Tomatoes; Transportation.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/767511
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ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR DAIRY COW CULLING MANAGEMENT OPTIONS AgEcon
Ott, Stephen L..
Due to a lack of national information about cull dairy cows, the USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy '96 Study investigated culling management practices. Operations included in the study represented 83.1 percent of U.S. milk cows. Most dairy cows were culled for reasons associated with their inability to profitably produce high-quality milk and calves; reasons for culling were not usually related to ill health or systemic disease. Results showed that almost all cull dairy cows in the US are intended for beef slaughter, as only about 4.4 percent were sent to other dairy operations. Nearly 77 percent of cows intended for beef slaughter were sent to markets, auctions, and sale barns, while 22 percent were sent straight to slaughter...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Economics; Culling; Transportation; Milk; Marketing; Disease; Slaughter condemnation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45494
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Economies of Scale in der Produktion versus Diseconomies im Transport: Zum Strukturwandel im Molkereisektor AgEcon
Boysen, Ole; Schroeder, Carsten.
In this article, we simulate structural change within the German dairy sector employing a sector-wide optimization model. As a result, we obtain cost minimizing structures of the dairy sector for various scenarios differentiated by time horizon and level of transportation cost. We demonstrate that the model is capable of explaining the current trend which is characterized by a decrease in the number of dairies while average capacity is increasing. However, this development is less pronounced if transportation cost rises relative to other costs.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Capacitated facility location problem; Market structure; Transportation; Agribusiness; Production Economics.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97183
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Effect of Broiler Crating Density and Transportation Distance on Preslaughter Losses and Physiological Response During the Winter Season in Punjab, Pakistan Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Hussnain,F; Mahmud,A; Mehmood,S; Jaspal,MH.
ABSTRACT A study was conducted to determine the impact of crating density and transportation distance on losses and physiological response of broilers during the winter season. For this, ROSS-308 broilers were crated at three densities (i.e., 10, 12, and 15 birds/crate) in plastic crates and transported in three distances (i.e., 80, 160, and 240 km) during the winter season at 3.6 - 9.5ºC temperature and 63.3 - 78.8% relative humidity. Results showed that body weight loss increased significantly with the increase in transportation distance and decrease in crating density, whereas dead on arrival, physical injuries and bruises were not different among different transportation distance and crating density treatments. Significant reduction in carcass and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cold stress; Crating density; Shrinkage; Transportation; Winter.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000200306
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Effects of Transportation Distance, Slaughter Age, and Seasonal Factors on Total Losses in Broiler Chickens Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Arikan,MS; Akin,AC; Akcay,A; Aral,Y; Sariozkan,S; Cevrimli,MB; Polat,M.
ABSTRACT This study aimed at determining the total losses associated with the season, transportation distance, and slaughter age during the transportation of broilers from poultry farms to slaughterhouses in Turkey. All data and parameters were statistically analyzed and the change in total loss during transportation was evaluated by two-way analysis of variance to determine which factors or variables affect this change. Total transportation losses were compared among the four seasons of the year, two slaughter ages (younger broiler, 31-39 days of age; older broilers 40-46 days of age) and three distance ranges (short, ≤50 km; medium, 51-150 km; and long, ≥151 km). Total losses of 259.40 g, 307.35 g, and 350.14 g were determined for short, medium and long...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Transportation; Broiler production; Slaughter age; Season; Weight losses.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000300421
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Evaluation of different packaging types for adoption in safe handling and transportation of fresh tomato fruits in Nigeria CIGR Journal
Onu, Ogbonnaya Boniface; Ani, Ozoemena Anthony; Asoiro, Felix U.; Uzoejinwa, Benjamin Benald; Ugwu, Samson N.; Abu, Ngozi; Uguru, Michael I..
ABSTRACTThis work evaluated plastic, wooden and carton crates and compared the best of them to traditional basket for possible adoption in safe handling and transportation of fresh tomato fruits in Nigeria. This was achieved through laboratory experiments and analysis involving static tests, simulating storage conditions (at average temperature and humidity of 28.920C and 62.08% respectively) and dynamic tests, simulating handling and transportation conditions involving dropping from different heights and vibration at different amplitudes and frequency. Based on experimental results and economic considerations, carton crate was adjudged the best and a new modified design of it was developed. The performance of the designed crate and the traditional basket...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Fresh tomato fruit; Packaging type; Handling; Transportation; Post-harvest losses.
Ano: 2021 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6925
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Feasibility Assessment of Biomass Harvesting Cooperative AgEcon
Basnet, Arjun; Kenkel, Philip L..
The paper summarizes the harvesting and transportation costs of biomass in an individual producer’s framework versus a cooperative framework using a feasibility template developed in MS Excel. The cost is compared between individual producer having 1000 acres of land and a cooperative with five members each having 1000 acres of land. The estimated total cost per ton for harvesting biomass and transporting it to a warehouse 20 mile far is $25.53 for individual producer and $18.00 for cooperative. The mowing, raking and baling cost per ton is estimated to be $5.71, $3.94 and $11.16 respectively for individual producer and $4.97, $2.00 and $5.85 respectively for cooperative.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Biomass; Switchgrass; Harvesting; Transportation; Cooperative; Agricultural and Food Policy; Financial Economics; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119781
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Fisiologia e manuseio pos-colheita de cenoura. Infoteca-e
LANA, M. M.; VIEIRA, J. V..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Fisiologia pos-colheita; Manipulacao; Classificao; Chalaropsis; Rhyzopus; Carrot; Postharvest; Handling; Quality; Harvest; Selection; Diseases; Fungus; Armazenamento; Cenoura; Colheita; Daucus Carota; Doença; Embalagem; Fungo; Lavagem; Pós-Colheita; Seleção; Qualidade; Sclerotium Rolfsii; Transporte; Alternaria radicina; Erwinia; Pseudomonas; Sclerotinia; Thielaviopsis; Geotrichum; Rhizoctonia; Classification; Cleaning; Postharvest physiology; Packaging; Storage; Transportation; Washing.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/768857
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How Should Metropolitan Washington, DC, Finance Its Transportation Deficit? AgEcon
Parry, Ian W.H..
It is widely perceived that projected public spending on transportation infrastructure in the metropolitan Washington, DC, area for the next 20 years will not be enough to halt, let alone reverse, the trend of increasing traffic congestion. Consequently, there has been much debate about how additional sources of local revenues might be raised to finance more transportation spending. This paper develops and implements an analytical framework for estimating the efficiency costs of raising $500 million per annum in local revenue from five possible sources. These sources are increasing labor taxes, property taxes, gasoline taxes, transit fares, and implementing congestion taxes. Our model incorporates congestion and pollution externalities, and it allows for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Transportation; Taxes; Washington DC; Welfare cost; Public Economics; R48; H21; H23.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10552
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Influence of production methods and transport distances on the Greenhouse Gas-Balance of organic apple juice AgEcon
Engel, Anna-Maria; Wegener, Jens Karl; Lange, Marco.
Organic farming is the most adequate system for the production of food and other agricultural 9 products to sustain ecological and environmental sources. Ecologically produced foods are 10 becoming more and more popular; accordingly, the demand for organic products is growing. In 11 addition to the renunciation of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides, the philosophy of 12 this type of food production includes as well the benefits of seasonal and regional goods such 13 as short ways of production and distribution. 14 In the present study the total emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the production of 15 organic apple juice from two different regions were investigated. The goal of the analysis is to 16 clarify whether extensive agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Apple juice production; Greenhouse gas balance; Transportation; Organic farming; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109319
Registros recuperados: 33
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