| Resumo: |
Six experimental lines and one commercial wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar from diverse backgrounds were intercrossed in a half diallel and analyzed to determine suitable parents for hybrids combinations and promising hybrid combinations. The experiment was established in typical Mediterranean environment, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were identified for spike length, spikelets per spike, kernel number per spike, kernel weight per spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield per plant. Spike length was determined by additive gene effect, though number of spikelets in spike was determined by non-additive genes. Number of kernels per spike, thousand kernel weight and yield per plant were affected by both additive and dominant genes. However, additive genes were more effective on number of kernels per spike and thousand kernel weight than that of dominant genes. Dominant genes were more effective on grain yield per plant than that of additive genes. Of the measured yield components, only spikelets per spike were significantly correlated with grain yield. Based on the path analysis, it was found that spikelets per spike, kernel number per spike and kernel weight per spike had the greatest positive direct effect on grain yield. It was determined that P2 (F6 0314-76/MRL), P4 (HP 1744) and P5 (SERI-82// SHI#4414/CROW "S") were the best combiner for grain yield per plant. The analysis of the results showed that the best specific crosses for grain yield per plant were Pl(GENÇ-99) XP2, P1XP3(PFAU/MILAN) and P5XP7(ATTILA/3/HUI/CARC//CHEN/CHTO/4/ATTILA). They these crosses were the most promising combinations for future breeding.
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