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In this Part, 37 species of the genus, belonging to eight species-groups, are described and figured, and their phylogenetics and biogeography are discussed. Seven of the species are described as new: P. ecuadorae, friburgensis, marthae, onorei, pulawskii, riopretensis, yucatani. One species-name, P. tolteca Lucas, 1895, is recalled from synonymy and one name, P. lycaon Banks, 1945, is upgraded from varietal to species status. The following 49 names are newly synonymized (valid names first): P. grossa (Fabricius, 1798) = P. formosus Say, 1823, P. affinis Dahlbom, 1845, P. obliquerugosa Lucas, 1895, P. nephele Lucas, 1895, P. theresiae Kriechbaumer, 1900, P. colombica Brèthes, 1926, P. pattoni Banks, 1945, P. pellita Haupt, 1952; P. aquila Lucas, 1895 = P. pyramus Lucas, 1895, P. pallidipennis Haupt, 1952; P. elevata Fabricius, 1804 = P. cristata Haupt, 1952; P. marginata Palisot de Beauvois, 1809 = P. reaumuri Dahlbom, 1845; P. terminata Dahlbom, 1843 = P. ferruginea Lepeletier, 1845, P. venusta Smith, 1855, P. albolimbata Mocsáry, 1885, P. pulchripennis Mocsáry, 1885, P. cyanosoma Lucas, 1895, P. acroleuca Lucas, 1895, P. mancoi Banks, 1946, P. fuscorubra Brèthes, 1914; P. brevicornis Mocsáry, 1894 = P. depressa Brèthes, 1908; P. cassiope Mocsáry, 1888 = P. cassandra Mocsáry, 1888, P. lilloi Brèthes, 1908, P. heterochroa Brèthes, 1914, P. elisa Montet, 1921, P. brethesi Montet, 1921, P. arizonica Banks, 1921, P. hirsuta Salman, 1933, P. iolanthe Banks, 1946, P. adusta Haupt, 1952; P. aurozonata Smith, 1855 = P. apicalis Lepeletier, 1845; P. aurifex Smith, 1855 = P. niphe Mocsáry, 1885; P. plutus Erichson, 1848 = P. opulenta Mocsáry, 1894; P. apicata Taschenberg, 1869 = P. alcimeda Banks, 1946, P. amalthea Banks, 1946; P. defecta Taschenberg, 1869 = P. fumata Enderlein, 1901, P. cleanthes Banks, 1946; P. ricuspidata Gribodo, 1894 = P. lativalvis Mocsáry, 1894, P. astarte Banks, 1945; P. pulszkyi Mocsáry, 1885 = P. aurocincta Mocsáry, 1894; P. sumptuosa Smith, 1855 = P. colossica Stål, 1857, P. apollinarii Brèthes, 1926; P. optima Smith, 1879 = P. andrei Mocsáry, 1885; P. toppini Turner, 1915 = P. selvatica Brèthes, 1920; P. bonplandi Brèthes, 1914 = P. eubule Banks, 1946; P. hyperion Mocsáry, 1894 = P. gigantea Lucas, 1895, P. altitarsus Enderlein, 1901; P. deaurata Mocsáry, 1894 = P. speciosa Smith, 1855, P. auricoma Lucas, 1895. Keys to all forms are given. Lygarochromy and two mimicry-groups are defined and described and the occurrence of large individuals on islands is briefly discussed.
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