| Registro completo |
| Provedor de dados: |
BJID
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| País: |
Brazil
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| Título: |
Antimicrobial resistance in respiratory pathogens isolated in Brazil during 1999-2000
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| Autores: |
Critchley,Ian A.
Blosser,Renée S.
Karlowsky,James A.
Yamakita,Juri
Barth,Alfonso
Sader,Helio S.
Mendes,Caio
Teixeira,Lucia
Rossi,Flavia
Dias,Cicero A. C.
Jones,Mark E.
Thornsberry,Clyde
Sahm,Daniel F.
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| Data: |
2001-12-01
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| Ano: |
2001
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| Palavras-chave: |
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Antimicrobial resistance
Surveillance study
Respiratory pathogen
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| Resumo: |
The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the respiratory pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis to commonly tested and prescribed agents was investigated during 1999-2000 and compared with results obtained during a previous 1997-1998 study. Of 448 isolates of S. pneumoniae collected and tested in 1999-2000, 77.2% were susceptible, 19.9% were intermediate, and 2.9% were resistant to penicillin, demonstrating that there were no major changes in susceptibility to penicillin from 1997-1998 (77.1% susceptible, 18.7% intermediate, 4.2% resistant). All S. pneumoniae isolates from 1999-2000 were susceptible to levofloxacin and vancomycin, and >90% were susceptible to the beta-lactams (amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone, and cefuroxime) and macrolides (azithromycin and clarithromycin), showing that susceptibility to these agents also remained unchanged since 1997-1998. The most notable increase in resistance between the two studies was demonstrated by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which increased from 23.4% to 38.6%. Penicillin resistance correlated with resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in both studies. In H. influenzae, the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing isolates remained unchanged (10.6% in 1999-2000; 11.0% in 1997-1998). All H. influenzae isolates were susceptible to levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, and azithromycin, and showed no change between the two studies. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was present in 40.1% of isolates in 1999-2000, and in 45.2% in 1997-1998. In M. catarrhalis, the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing isolates was unchanged (97.9% in 1999-2000; 98.0% in 1997-1998). The most active agents against M. catarrhalis were azithromycin (MIC90, <0.03 mug/ml) and levofloxacin (MIC90, 0.03 mug/ml). Overall, these results suggest that, in Brazil, between 1999-2000 and 1997-1998, there have been no significant changes in the susceptibility of respiratory pathogens to any of the commonly tested and prescribed agents with the exception of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for S. pneumoniae.
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| Tipo: |
Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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| Idioma: |
Inglês
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| Identificador: |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000600002
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| Editor: |
Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
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| Relação: |
10.1590/S1413-86702001000600002
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| Formato: |
text/html
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| Fonte: |
Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases v.5 n.6 2001
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| Direitos: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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