| Resumo: |
Good yield and intermediate plant height, ear height, and tassel size characterize the maize population ESALQ-PB1 as an outstanding breeding population. Estimates of genetic parameters are reported for 13 traits: plant height (PH), ear height (EH), ear placement (EP), tassel length (TL), tassel weight (TW), tassel branch number (TB), ear weight (EW), total grain weight (GW), ear length (EL), ear diameter (ED), kernel row number (RN), kernel number per row (KR) and prolificacy (PR). Results refer to one location and one year. Genetic variation was detected for all traits, and the estimates of the additive genetic variance are presented. The coefficients of heritability (individual basis) varied from 0.14 to 0.72 and were considered high for PH, EH and TB; intermediate for EP, TL, TW, EL, EP, ED and RN, and low for EW, GW, KR and PR. The coefficient of heritability (progeny mean basis) showed approximately the same trend and varied from 0.40 to 0.75. The highest expected gain from selection was for TB (27% per cycle) under mass selection and for TW (16.4%) under progeny selection; the lowest expected gain was for ED either for mass selection (1.9%) or progeny selection (2.9%). Additive correlation coefficients (rA) of 0.5<rA<0.6 were found for PH or EH and yield traits (EW and GW) and its components EL and KR, and 0.10<rA<0.44 for PH or EH and tassel traits. For the tassel traits the highest correlation was rA = 0.63 (TB.TW). EP was positively correlated with TB, TW, PH, EH and PR; and negatively correlated with ED and RN. The expected correlated responses in several traits after selection for GW, EH and TB are given.
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