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Registros recuperados: 25 | |
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Fisher, Monica G.; Shively, Gerald E.. |
We use seasonal household data on income shocks and forest extraction to study how households in Malawi use forests to cope with income shortfalls. In particular, we study household response to receipt of a positive income shock delivered in the form of a technology assistance package. We estimate a random-effects model of forest extraction to examine whether household forest use is responsive to income shocks received in a prior period. We also measure the extent to which households subsequently save out of transitory income. Findings indicate that forest extraction by asset-poor households was more responsive to income shocks than forest extraction by better-off households. Findings also suggest households save out of transitory income, and in the... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22228 |
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Yao, Richard T.; Shively, Gerald E.; Masters, William A.. |
We investigate the Philippine government's price stabilization policy for rice. Seemingly Unrelated Regressions are used to examine the effectiveness of the program at regional and national levels over a 21-year period (January 1983 to December 2003). Results of the regional analysis indicate some NFA-induced spatial and temporal differences in terms of producer prices. The NFA successfully increased producer prices in 5 of 13 regions through stock accumulation and paddy rice purchase at floor prices. NFA stock releases do not correlate strongly with retail prices at the national level, although results from the regional model indicate that NFA stock releases reduced retail prices in five regions, leading to perceptible spatial and temporal differences... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28669 |
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Rios, Ana R.; Shively, Gerald E.. |
We study the efficiency of smallholder coffee farms in Vietnam. Data from a 2004 survey of farms in two districts in Dak Lak Province are used in a two-step analysis. In the first step, technical and cost efficiency measures are calculated using DEA. In the second step, Tobit regressions are used to identify factors correlated with technical and cost inefficiency. Results indicate that small farms were less efficient than large farms. Inefficiencies observed on small farms appear to be related, in part, to the scale of investments in irrigation infrastructure. |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19159 |
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Shively, Gerald E.. |
The focus is on the use of taxes and permits to control nonpoint pollution. Papers include: Tradable Permits for Controlling Nitrate Pollution of Domestic Groundwater Supplies Cynthia Morgan, Jay Coggins, and Vernon Eidman, University of Minnesota. Point/Nonpoint and Nonpoint/Nonpoint Trading Rules James Shortle, Richard Horan, Marc Ribaudo and Dave Abler. Nitrogen Sources and Gulf Hypoxia: Potential for Point-Nonpoint Trading Marc Ribaudo, Ralph Heimlich, and Mark Peters. Green Insurance Versus Green Payments for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Paul Mitchell, Iowa State University. |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20797 |
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Bhagowalia, Priya; Chen, Susan E.; Shively, Gerald E.. |
Most developing countries strive to improve agricultural productivity by relaxing credit constraints, supplying better inputs, and improving marketing and distribution. However the efficacy of these reforms needs to be examined in the context of the behavioral responses of farming households. This study examines gender biases within households that affect short-term decisions with immediate and long-term implications. This study utilizes data from ICRISAT's village level studies in India (1975-85) to highlight the effects of child gender on the use of agricultural inputs. The main finding is that households with boys tend to use purchased inputs such as fertilizers and insecticides more intensively compared with households with girls. In general, household... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Gender bias; Agricultural economics; Inputs; Village level studies; Son; Labor and Human Capital; J16; Q12. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7328 |
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Badiane, Ousmane; Shively, Gerald E.. |
This paper investigates the respective roles of spatial integration and arbitrage costs in explaining the adjustment of local prices to policy changes using the example of Ghana. We introduce a model of price formation and market integration that incorporates the price transmission process between local and central markets and also captures the implications for volatility of local prices. We explore the implications of the model for the time-path of price adjustments, as determined directly and indirectly through the marketing sector. We show that the price-adjustment process in a local market is determined by the degree of interdependence between that market and the central market in which price-shock originates, and estimate the intertemporal and... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis. |
Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102543 |
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Fisher, Monica G.; Shively, Gerald E.; Buccola, Steven T.. |
In this paper we explore forest use and activity choice among low-income households in Malawi. Using data from three villages in southern Malawi we investigate factors related to forest use by jointly estimating four labor share equations for forest use, maize production, wage-work, and self-employment. This approach allows us to examine factors influencing competing and synergistic livelihood strategies simultaneously undertaken by households living at the forest margin. Results from constrained ML estimation indicate greater incentives to degrade forests where the returns to forest use are high. Factors that reduce pressure on forests include availability of low-cost fuel substitutes, tree planting on the farm, favorable returns to wage-work and... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28616 |
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Yao, Richard T.; Shively, Gerald E.; Masters, William J.. |
We investigate the Philippine government's price stabilization policy for rice. Seemingly Unrelated Regressions are used to examine the effectiveness of the program at regional and national levels over a 21-year period (January 1983 to December 2003). Results of the regional analysis indicate some NFA-induced spatial and temporal differences in terms of producer prices. The NFA successfully increased producer prices in 5 of 13 regions through stock accumulation and paddy rice purchase at floor prices. NFA stock releases do not correlate strongly with retail prices at the national level, although results from the regional model indicate that NFA stock releases reduced retail prices in five regions, leading to perceptible spatial and temporal differences... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19263 |
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Rios, Ana R.; Masters, William A.; Shively, Gerald E.. |
We build upon international trade literature to analyze the direction of causality between market participation and productivity. Cross-country household data from Tanzania, Vietnam and Guatemala are used in a 2SLS approach with market participation and productivity as endogenous variables. Results indicate that households with higher productivity tend to participate in agricultural markets regardless of market access factors. In contrast, having better market access does not necessarily lead to higher productivity. This finding suggests that investments in market access infrastructure provide minimal, if any, improvements in agricultural productivity; whereas programs targeted at enhancements in farm structure and capital have the potential to increase... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6145 |
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Preckel, Paul V.; Shively, Gerald E.; Baker, Timothy G.; Chu, Mei-Chin; Burrell, Jessica Eide. |
This study examines incentives for input use under tournament contracts. We analyze implications of contract design for nitrate-based environmental externalities generated by agricultural producers. Outcomes are compared from contracts awarded by tournament to those from fixed-payment contracts. Our findings show contract insecurity can distort input use. The model developed in this analysis is applied to a region of the U.S. where tournament-based production is prevalent and groundwater contamination is a problem. We find contract insecurity increases nitrogen use by about 12%, resulting in a 17% increase in nitrate leaching. Implications for contract modification to reduce environmental externalities while maintaining contract incentives are discussed. |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30902 |
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Registros recuperados: 25 | |
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