SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Fabiosa, Jacinto F..

The study finds that the emergence and expansion of the ethanol sector was associated with a fundamental transformation of the integration of the energy and agricultural sectors. In particular, the correlation structure between crude oil and grain prices increased dramatically, becoming more statistically significant, and with all anomalous signs corrected. Before the ethanol boom, the correlation of the crude oil price and corn was -0.117. It increased to 0.876 in the ethanol boom period. Soymeal correlation increased from 0.182 to 0.909, and distillers dried grains with solubles increased from -0.252 to 0.834. As a result, the energy market is also now impacting the livestock sector through feed costs, which account for more than half of total costs....

Financial Development and International Trade: Regional and Sectoral Analysis

Palavras-chave: Energy sector; Agricultural sector; Least-cost feed ration; Biofuel; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q12; Q13; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49240

Susanto, Dwi; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Costa, Rafael F..

Financial development has been argued as a potential source of comparative advantage and its relationships with trade has been theoretically developed. This theory posits that countries that are well financially developed should experience greater volumes of international trade. We empirically investigate the effects of financial development on trade of both agricultural and manufactured products. The results show a positive impact of financial development on bilateral trade flows for the manufacturing sector, which enjoys a greater impact than the agricultural sector. The impacts differ across regions. In most cases, developing countries (Asia, Latin America, MENA and SSA) experience greater impacts of financial development on exports in both agriculture...

Analysis of Development of Investments in the Agricultural Sector of the Czech Republic

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Comparative advantage; Financial development; International trade; Manufacturing sector; International Development; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102647

Zidkova, Dana; Rezbova, Helena; Rosochatecka, Eva.

The aim of this article is to analyse the investment activities realized in the agricultural sector of the Czech Republic during the period of 1998-2009. The study focuses on the development of the volume of investments in agriculture, their composition and economic efficiency. The analysis is based on data from the Aggregate Agricultural Account drawn up by the Czech Statistical Office (Český statistický úřad, ČSÚ). Investment activity is studied on the basis of such indicators as the gross fixed capital formation, net fixed capital formation, gross investment rate, requirements for investments. The impact of selected factors influencing the gross fixed capital formation and its composition is evaluated

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Investment activities; Agricultural sector; Gross fixed capital formation; Requirements for investments; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; GA; IN.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102492

Perspektiven der landwirtschaftlichen Betriebslehre

EFEITOS DE CURTO E LONGO PRAZOS DE CHOQUES NA TAXA DE CÂMBIO REAL SOBRE O SALDO DA BALANÇA COMERCIAL AGROPECUÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Kohne, Manfred.

Traditional objects of farm management research and farm management science are farms and farm households. In the course of time new objects have been added, for example different forms of horizontal and vertical co-operation, commerce and manufacturing enterprises in the field of agriculture, partly supplying, and service industries in agriculture. Corresponding to that, there are numerous addressees: relevant academics, students, farmers and their consultants, agricultural experts, also increasingly employees in agribusiness, agricultural societies and administrations, partly also jurisdiction, agrarian politicians, and finally the public. There is a large variety of topics concerning farm management research and science. Important traditional topics...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Farm management economics; Farm economic research projects; Organisation of agricultural economics research and science; Farm Management; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98884

Scalco, Paulo Roberto; Carvalho, Henrique Duarte; Campos, Antonio Carvalho.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os efeitos de longo e curto prazos de choques na taxa de câmbio real sobre o saldo da balança comercial agropecuária brasileira. O procedimento metodológico empregado foi a análise multivariada descrita em Johansen (1988 e 1991) apud Hamilton (1994). Os resultados indicam que existe uma relação de longo prazo entre a depreciação na taxa de câmbio real e o saldo da balança comercial. Verifica-se que, no longo prazo, um aumento de 1,0 % da taxa de câmbio leva a uma expansão de 2,10 % no saldo da balança comercial. Esse resultado está consistente com a condição de Marshall-Lerner que afirma: no longo prazo, o efeito volume deve superar o efeito preço, promovendo, assim, um aumento no saldo da balança comercial. Entretanto,...

Market Impact of Domestic Offset Programs

Palavras-chave: Condição de Marshall-Lerner; Curva J; Taxa de câmbio; Balança comercial; Setor agropecuário; Marshall-Lerner condition; J-Curve; Exchange rate; Trade balance; Agricultural sector; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109536

Brown, Tristan; Elobeid, Amani E.; Dumortier, Jerome; Hayes, Dermot J..

Three recent reports have estimated the market impacts of domestic offset programs, including afforestation, contained in the American Clean Energy and Security Act (ACES). The magnitude of these estimated impacts motivates this study. We show that with carbon prices as low as $30 per metric ton, a significant number of U.S. crop acres would be used to grow trees and this would cause price increases for some U.S. commodities. Although we present only one carbon price scenario, the modeling approach that we use suggests that the acreage and price impacts we describe here would increase at higher carbon prices.

Trade Creation and Trade Diversion in the North American Free Trade Agreement: The Case of the Agricultural Sector

Palavras-chave: Afforestation; Agricultural sector; Commodity prices; Land-use change.; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56345

Susanto, Dwi; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Adcock, Flynn J..

This paper examines the effect of the U.S.-Mexico trade agreement under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The results suggest that U.S. agricultural imports from Mexico have been responsive to tariff rate reductions applied to Mexican products. A one percentage point decrease in tariff rates is associated with an increase in U.S. agricultural imports from Mexico by 5.31% in the first 6 years of NAFTA and by 2.62% in the last 6 years of NAFTA. U.S. imports from Mexico have also been attributable to the pre-NAFTA tariff rates. Overall, the results indicate that the U.S.-Mexico trade agreement under NAFTA has been trade creating rather than trade diverting.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; NAFTA; Panel data; Tariffs; Trade creation; Trade diversion; International Relations/Trade; F10; F15; Q17; Q18; C31; C33.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6618

Agriculture and poverty: Farming for food or farming for money?

COMPETITIVENESS OF MILK AND WINE PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING IN ALBANIA

Pauw, Kalie.

The dualistic nature of the South African economy manifests itself to a large extent in the agricultural sector, where ownership and access to land was previously reserved and is still mainly controlled by white farmers. This has contributed to the huge disparities in the income levels of black and white agricultural households. In this paper two South African household surveys are used to analyse agricultural inequality using various decomposition techniques. It is found that inequalities within agriculture are higher and more pronounced along racial lines than inequalities among non-agricultural households. Agricultural inequalities also differ structurally from those in the rest of society and are explained largely by differences in the ownership of...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Poverty; Inequality; Household income sources; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10122

Petrick, Martin; Schreiber, Catrin; Weingarten, Peter.

This study provides an empirical assessment of the competitiveness of Albanian dairy and wine production, based on specifically collected survey data. For both product groups, the analysis is carried out on two levels: farm level production of raw material and processing and manufacturing of the final product in the food industry. In a third step, both levels are aggre-gated to analyse the competitiveness of the entire production chain for each product group. Overall, the wine sector appears in an economically more favourable situation than the milk sector. Although there is currently no relevant export of wine, there has been considerable in-vestment activity at the farm level and the harmonisation of quality standards with EU legislation is currently...

A hedonic approach to estimating the supply of variety attributes of a subsistence crop

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Competitiveness; Milk; Wine; Albania; P23; Q12; Q13; Agrarsektor; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Milch; Wein; Albanien; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14877

Agricultural Sector and Economic Growth in Tunisia: Evidence from Co-integration and Error Correction Mechanism

Edmeades, Svetlana.

The paper extends the household hedonic model, as a non-market valuation tool, by estimating a supply function for variety attributes of a subsistence crop in a developing country. The model is applied to bananas in Uganda, making use of disaggregated data on variety-specific farm-gate banana bunch prices and attributes. The hedonic analysis is applied at the farm-gate, the first link in the market chain, while accounting for the semi-subsistence nature of banana producing households. Within the framework of the agricultural household, where consumption and production decisions are non-separable, prices reflect the implicit marginal valuation of both consumption and production attributes jointly. The paper is motivated by the need to quantify the value of...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Small farms; Households models; Agricultural sector; Crops; Economic aspects; Crop diversification; Variety attributes; Decision making; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55424

Chebbi, Houssem Eddine; Lachaal, Lassaad.

For the past two decades, Tunisia has been undertaken important structural reforms, which call in most cases for market and trade liberalization (agricultural structural adjustment program, GATT reforms, free trade area with the European Union). The private-led type of growth strategy with less government intervention has culminated these last years into a more rapid economic growth and openness. Within this context, this paper examines the agricultural sector role into the economic growth and its interactions with the other sectors using time-series co-integration techniques. We use annual data from 1961 to 2005 to estimate a VAR model that includes GDP indices of five sectors in Tunisian economy. Empirical results from this study indicate that in the...

Stabilization of Upland Agriculture under El Nino Induced Climatic Risk: Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures in Malaysia

Palavras-chave: Co-integration; Economic growth; Agricultural sector; Tunisia; International Development; C22; O13; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9416

Tawang, Ariffin bin; Tengku Ahmad, Tengku Ariff bin; Abdullah, Mohd. Yusof bin.

During the last twenty years, the incidence of abnormal weather variation has increased, mainly due to El Nino. In Malaysia, the El Nino induced weather change has resulted in prolonged dry seasons, which have led to severe drought and increased temperatures. This has been further compounded by the formation of haze due to the large scale burning of forest and plantations for land preparation. These phenomena brought serious implications for farm productivity and land use patterns. This report describes, analyzes and quantifies the impact of El Nino induced climate variability on the agricultural sector and the rural economy. It also proposes measures to mitigate the damage and to stabilize agricultural production for the welfare of the rural population at...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Climatic change; Agricultural sector; Plant production; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32667

Políticas de precios y subsidios agrícolas: impactos macroeconómico y sectorial: Perú 1985-1988

Escobal D'Angelo, Javier.

Este documento presenta y analiza las principales políticas aplicadas por el gobierno aprista para reactivar el agro peruano, evaluando su viabilidad financiera de corto y mediano plazo y sus efectos sobre el propio sector agrario y la economía en su conjunto. Describe y analiza la política de precios agrícolas, la política cambiaria y la política crediticia; evalúa los efectos de las políticas macroeconómicas descritas y de los subsidios agrícolas, en especial aquéllos que inciden sobre la inflación, el déficit fiscal y los términos de intercambio intersectoriales.

The role of agriculture in development implications for Sub-Saharan Africa

Palavras-chave: Economia agraria; Politica agraria; Sector agropecuario; Precios agricolas; Politica de precios; Subsidios; Peru; Agricultural economics; Agrarian policy; Agricultural sector; Agricultural prices; Prices policy; Subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Q11; Q18.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42288

Diao, Xinshen; Hazell, Peter B.R.; Resnick, Danielle; Thurlow, James.

This paper provides a nuanced perspective on debates about the potential for Africa’s smallholder agriculture to stimulate growth and alleviate poverty in an increasingly integrated world. In particular, the paper synthesizes both the traditional theoretical literature on agriculture’s role in the development process and discusses more recent literature that remains skeptical about agriculture’s development potential for Africa. In order to examine in greater detail the relevance for Africa of both the “old” and “new” literatures on agriculture, the paper provides a typology of African countries based on their stage of development, agricultural conditions, natural resources, and geographic location… More broadly, the paper demonstrates that conventional...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Growth-poverty linkages; Smallholders; Poverty alleviation; Agricultural development; Africa; Economic aspects; Agricultural sector; Ethiopia; Ghana; Rwanda; Uganda; Zambia; International Development.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55405

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes

Tschirley, David L.; Flores, Luis; Mather, David.

Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Central america; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93029

INCORPORATING BIOFUELS INTO A PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL OF THE EU AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

Binfield, Julian C.R.; Westhoff, Patrick C.; Le Cadre, Elodie.

The impact of increased consumption of biofuels on agricultural markets has already been substantial, and will increase further as countries around the world seek to expand the proportion of their energy that they get from renewable sources. Models of the agricultural sector must therefore include some consideration of the demand for agricultural products for biofuels and the byproducts that are produced as part of the production process that are returned to the agricultural sector. In this paper the method of introducing biofuels into the FAPRI GOLD (grains, oilseeds, livestock and dairy) model is discussed. A scenario is run whereby the EU is assumed to introduce a binding 10% target by 2020 and the results are discussed in order to illustrate the...

Privatizing a State Farm in Kazakhstan

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Partial equilibrium model; Agricultural sector; EU policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6680

Garcia, Roberto J.; Silvis, Anne Heinze.

This dissolution of the Soviet Union served the state-directed linkages between state-owned farms and agribusiness enterprises ordered by the command economic system. Likewise, the dissolution disrupted marketing channels connecting the agricultural sector to a market economy those of other former republics. The transition to a market economy requires a transformation in the political and economic structures of state-owned farms and state-owned agribusiness enterprises. Directors of state-owned farms in Kazakhstan face major challenges. The primary consideration is how the farm should be organized after privatization, that is, whether the farm should be transformed into a cooperative, a joint stockholding company, or divided into several private,...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Former Soviet Union; Agricultural sector; Privatization; Market economy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90377

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IN CHINESE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Koo, Won W.; Lou, Jianqiang.

This study examined the interdependency between Chinese agricultural and industrial sectors. A dual economic model was developed to investigate the relationship between the two sectors and factors affecting Chinese economic development. The study reveals traditional inputs, such as labor, are still important to Chinese economic development. Capital investment contributed significantly to the growth of the Chinese industrial sector, but not to the agricultural sector. The results also suggest that foreign trade has made a significant contribution to Chinese economic development. It was found that the growth of the Chinese agricultural sector depends on its industrial growth, but the growth of the Chinese industrial sector does not rely on the agricultural...

Az Agrárgazdasági Tanács állásfoglalása az agrárgazdaság 2010 évi helyzetéről

Palavras-chave: Chinese economic development; Dual economy; Growth model; Agricultural sector; Industrial sector; Foreign trade; International Development.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23176