SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Liu, Yi; Shankar, Bhavani.

Rapid economic growth in China has resulted in substantially improved household incomes. Diets have also changed, with a movement away from traditional foods and towards animal products and processed foods. Yet micronutrient deficiencies, particularly for calcium and vitamin A, are still widespread in China. In this research we model the determinants of the intakes of these two micronutrients using household panel data, asking particularly whether continuing income increases are likely to cause the deficiencies to be overcome. Nonparametric kernel regressions and random effects panel regression models are employed. The results show a statistically significant but relatively small positive income effect on both nutrient intakes. The local availability of...

A Latent-Variable Approach to Modelling Multiple and Resurgent Meat Scares in Italy

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I12; O12.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25585

Mazzocchi, Mario; Lobb, Alexandra E..

This paper aims to measure the time pattern of multiple and resurgent food scares and their direct and cross-product impacts on consumer response. The Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) is augmented by a flexible stochastic framework which has no need for additional explanatory variables such as a media index. Italian aggregate household data on meat demand is used to assess the time-varying impact of a resurgent BSE crisis (1996 and 2000) and the 1999 Dioxin crisis. The impact of the first BSE crisis on preferences seems to be reabsorbed after a few months. The second wave of the scare at the end of 2000 had a much stronger effect on preferences and the positive shift in chicken demand continued to persist after the onset of the crisis. Empirical results...

Robust Estimates of Value of a Statistical Life for Developing Economies: An Application to Pollution and Mortality in Santiago

Palavras-chave: Meat demand; BSE; Shock; Almost Ideal Demand System; Kalman filter; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; I12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24509

Bowland, Brad J.; Beghin, John C..

The value-of-statistical-life (VSL) approach is used by environmental economists to value mortality changes resulting from environmental improvement, such as decreased urban air pollution. Because of scarce data, VSL estimates are not available for developing countries. Using robust regression techniques, we conduct a meta-analysis of VSL studies in industrialized countries to derive a VSL prediction function for developing economies accounting for differences in risk, income, human capital levels, and other demographic characteristics of these economies. We apply our estimated VSL to assess the willingness-to-pay for reduction in mortality linked to air pollution in Santiago, Chile. We find willingness-to-pay estimates in the range of $519,000 to $675,000...

Consumer Willingness to Pay for Food Safety in Beijing: A Case Study of Food Additives

Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Meta-analysis; Mortality; Santiago; VSL; Willingness-to-pay; Environmental Economics and Policy; I12; Q25; O15.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18471

Liu, Yuanyuan; Zeng, Yinchu; Yu, Xiaohua.

Constructing a theoretical framework and using a survey data of 294 customers from 25 supermarkets in Beijing, this paper studies the willingness to pay (WTP) for additive-free Mooncakes in Beijing and finds that age and income are important for WTP for “food safety” in China. Income is positively correlated with the WTP and there is an inverted-U-shaped relationship between age and WTP. This study indicates that consumers in Beijing are willing to pay 5.80 Yuan more for an additive-free Mooncake, which provides a good policy benchmark for the government regulation on food additives. Furthermore, the theoretical framework also provides a good benchmark for understanding WTP in the future study of food safety.

On the Economics of Rational Self-Medication

Palavras-chave: Food Safety; Willingness to Pay; Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice; Additive-Free Mooncakes; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I12; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51234

Akpalu, Wisdom.

It has been established in the medical literature that self-medicating with imperfect information about either the use of a genuine or counterfeit drug or based on wrong self-diagnosis of ailment, which is predominant especially in developing countries, is a risky investment in health capital. This paper models the decision to self-medicate and the demand for self-medicated drugs. We suppose that investment in self-medication depends on the perception of its effectiveness. The results obtained show that the decision to self-medicate depends on the relative price and perceived effectiveness of self-medication, the elasticity of the shadow value of health with respect to the quantity of health capital, and the relative effectiveness of self-medication in...

Comparing Predictors of Diet Quality in Canada Over Time Under Consideration of Altering Food Guides

Palavras-chave: Health Production; Self-Medication; Risky Investment; Government Policy; Dynamic Analysis; Demand and Price Analysis; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; I12; I18; D81; C61.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6363

Drescher, Larissa S.; Goddard, Ellen W..

Latest data on the diet of Canadians from the Canadian Community Health Survey reveals that the diet quality of Canadians needs improvement. Within this paper predictors of diet quality in Canada are identified based on two cross-sectional data sets from the Canadian Food Expenditure Survey. To measure diet quality, the Canadian Healthy Food Diversity (CanHFD)-Index is developed which is based on Food Guide recommendations. Moreover, this paper considers that the Food Guide between survey years has changed when analyzing diet quality. To track changes in demand for diet quality we use “Canada’s Food Guide 1982” to calculate CanHFD-Index for 1984 and 1996. Changes in demand for diet quality according to “Canada’s Food Guide to Healthy Eating 1992” are...

A REVIEW OF FOOD SECURITY AND HUMAN NUTRITION ISSUES IN NEPAL

Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Healthy food diversity; Canada; Food Guides; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; D13; I12; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52091

Shively, Gerald E.; Gars, Jared; Sununtnasuk, Celeste.

Nepal faces multiple development challenges, including chronic and widespread food insecurity and adult and child malnutrition. Due to population growth, agricultural stagnation and a range of institutional failures, the threat of a serious food crisis in Nepal is substantial. The recent scaling back of WFP assistance means that food security conditions in some parts of Nepal will undoubtedly worsen in the near future. This paper presents a brief review of topics and available evidence regarding food security, malnutrition and related subjects in Nepal. It is intended to document important source material and provide an overview of topics for non-specialists or those moving into new areas of concern.

The effects of food habits and socioeconomic status on overweight. Differences between the native Dutch and immigrants in the Netherlands

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Health; Nutrition; Nepal; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; I12; I31; O19; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116190

Cornelisse-Vermaat, Judith R.; Maassen van den Brink, Henriette.

Overweight is a worldwide growing epidemic. The Netherlands is among the countries with the highest prevalence for overweight, together with the USA, UK, and Germany. This paper investigates differences in overweight between native Dutch and three immigrant groups in the Netherlands, and the effects of food habits and socioeconomic status on overweight. The results show that all immigrant groups have a higher prevalence for overweight than the Dutch, apart from Moroccans. Males are overweight more frequently than females. Takeaway food, eating out, and fresh vegetables decrease BMI, while convenience food, ready-to-eat meals, and delivery food (in some cases) increase BMI. In all groups, BMI increases with age. For Surinamese/Antilleans and Turks BMI...

Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths

Palavras-chave: Overweight; Ethnicity; Food habits; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C20; D12; I12.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46732

Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr; Jensen, Helen H.; Garasky, Steven B.; Cutrona, Carolyn E.; Gibbons, Frederick X..

Paper for presentation at the Northeastern Agricultural & Resource Economics Association’s Workshop on Economics and Child Nutrition Programs, AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 23, 2011.

Productive Benefits of Health: Evidence from Low-Income Countries

Palavras-chave: Fruit and vegetable consumption; Healthy food choices; Social interactions; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I12; J15; C35; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107086

Schultz, T. Paul.

Various household survey indicators of adult nutrition and health status are analyzed as determinants of individual wages. However, survey indicators of health status may be heterogeneous, or a combination of health human capital formed by investment behavior and variation due to genotype, random shocks, and measurement error, which are uncontrolled by behavior. Although there are no definitive methods for distinguishing between human capital and genetic variation in health outcomes, alternative mappings of health status, such as height, on community health services, parent socioeconomic characteristics, and ethnic categories may be suggestive. Instrumental variable estimates of health human capital and residual sources of variation in measured health...

Household resources, household composition, and child nutritional outcomes

Palavras-chave: Health human capital; Wage productivity; Brazil; Ghana; Cote DIvoire; Health Economics and Policy; I12; J24; O12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28532

Cameron, Michael P.; Lim, Steven.

In many developing countries the composition of rural households is influenced by the migration of adult household members to urban locations in search of employment. Children may be left in the care of their mother alone, or in the care of grandparents when both parents have migrated. Using representative data from rural Northeast Thailand, this paper investigates whether household composition has any effect on the nutritional outcomes of children. Our findings suggest that household types other than nuclear families result in some significantly worse child nutritional outcomes. One implication is that governments should target programs to protect the welfare of the children of migrants in origin communities.

EFFECTS AND DETERMINANTS OF MILD UNDERWEIGHT AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN ACROSS COUNTRIES AND OVER TIME

Palavras-chave: Migration; Household composition; Children; Thailand; Consumer/Household Economics; I12; O15; O18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10371

Bhagowalia, Priya; Chen, Susan E.; Masters, William J..

Research on malnutrition typically focuses on severe cases, where anthropometric status falls below or above an extreme threshold. Such categorization is necessary for clinicians since mild cases may not justify intervention, but researchers could find that changes in mild malnutrition convey valuable information about mortality risk and health status. This paper focuses on changes in both mild and severe underweight in young children, as measured by 130 DHS surveys for 53 countries over a period from 1986 to 2007. We find that counting variance in all forms of underweight provides closer correlations with aggregate health outcomes (the under-five child mortality rate), and is more closely correlated to several influences of malnutrition (national income,...

“Pick the Tick” The Impact of Health Endorsements on Consumers’ Food Choices

Palavras-chave: Underweight; Weight-for-height; Wasting; Child mortality; FGT measures; DHS data; Health Economics and Policy; I12; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54312

Mueller, Simone C.; Umberger, Wendy J..

To determine the efficiency of health-related endorsements in influencing consumer choice we report findings from two separate, unique discrete choice experiments (DCEs) involving fresh packaged beef steaks and seafood. In addition to quality and production-related attributes, the beef and seafood products also displayed a health endorsement: the Australian National Heart Foundation “Pick the Tick” certification. Another, more recently introduced health claim, “2 Serves a Week” was also included in the seafood experiment. Consumer awareness of the “Pick the Tick” certification was higher than any other extrinsic claim considered in the experiments. Furthermore, in both experiments, “Pick the Tick” had the highest impact and value relative to other...

The Economics of Alternative Strategies for the Reduction of Food-borne Diseases in Developing Countries: The Case of Diarrhea in Rwanda

Palavras-chave: Health claims; Food labelling; Discrete choice experiment; Beef; Seafood; Visual presentation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I12; Q18.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116436

von Witzke, Harald; Kirschke, Dieter; Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Noleppa, Steffen.

The paper provides a methodology which is suitable for the analysis of the social cost of disease and the benefits and cost of health intervention by integrating public health analysis and economics. The approach developed in the paper is applied to food-borne diarrhea in Rwanda. The results suggest that simple treatments such as Oral Rehydration Therapy have a higher social rate of return than consumer protection via education.

Morbilidad autoreportada y los retornos a la salud para los varones urbanos en el Perú: enfermedad vs. incapacidad

Palavras-chave: Public health; Consumer protection; Social cost; Economics of food-borne diseases; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I12; I18; Q12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18830

Murrugara, Edmundo; Valdivia, Martin.

El efecto del nivel de salud de los individuos sobre su productividad y sus ingresos es incuestionable desde varios puntos de vista. Sin embargo, la medición de ese efecto ha sido bastante más complicada que, por ejemplo, la correspondiente al efecto de la educación. Las razones de esta complejidad son de carácter conceptual, técnico y de calidad de la información. Esta medición se complica aún más en países en desarrollo debido a las limitaciones de los indicadores de salud disponibles, en su mayoría afectados por la propia percepción del individuo. En este sentido, el presente reporte muestra evidencia acerca de los determinantes de salud para los varones adultos de zonas urbanas y sus efectos en la productividad, usando dos medidas de morbilidad...

Behavioral Economics: A New Heavy weight in Washington?

Palavras-chave: Condiciones de salud; Productividad del trabajo; Economia de la salud; Zonas urbanas; Perú; Health conditions; Labour productivity; Health economics; Urban areas; Peru; Health Economics and Policy; I12.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37769

Cash, Sean B.; Schroeter, Christiane.

Honorable Mention, Outstanding Choices Article Award, 2011

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Diet; Nutrition; Behavioral economics; Food policy; Health promotion; Consumer/Household Economics; I12; I18; C9.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95755

Factors Affecting Outsourcing for Information Technology Services in Rural Hospitals: Theory and Evidence

Whitacre, Brian E.; Fannin, James Matthew; Barnes, James N..

As health information technology becomes more prevalent for most healthcare facilities, hospitals across the nation are choosing between performing this service in-house and outsourcing to a technology firm in the health industry. This paper examines factors affecting the information technology (IT) outsource decision for various hospitals. Using 2004 data from the American Hospital Association, logistic regression models find that governmental ownership and a proxy variable for hospitals that treat more severe injuries positively impact the probability of outsourcing for IT services.

Consumer valuation of health attributes in food

Palavras-chave: Health Information Technology; Outsourcing; Hospital; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; I12; C140.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6393

Smed, Sinne; Hansen, Lars Garn.

In modern societies it seems that the pleasures of taste often encourage the consumption of fatty, salty and sweet foods, whereas growing health awareness discourages consumption of the same foods. Numerous studies find that education and diet healthiness are highly correlated and one possible explanation is that consumers with a longer education are better at understanding and appreciating the health implication of their diet than are consumers with a short education. In this study we estimate a hedonic model of consumer’s valuation of food characteristics that allows nutrients to influence utility both through their perceived effects on health and their effects on the taste of food. The model is estimated using purchase data from a consumer panel with...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Hedonic model; Taste; Health; Food consumption; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; I12.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122730

O impacto do trabalho infantil no setor agrícola sobre a saúde

Nicolella, Alexandre Chibebe; Kassouf, Ana Lucia; Barros, Alexandre Lahóz Mendonça de.

The aim of this dissertation is to identify the causal relation between rural child labour and health. The analysis utilized the PNAD, a Brazilian household survey, from 1998 and 2003. The econometric modeling was based on the pseudo-panel approach and was considered the children from 5 to 15 years old in 1998 and from 10 to 20 years old in 2003. The results show that work and work in risky jobs in the agricultural sector do not differ from those impacts of other sectors. It was also presented, for all individuals that work in the agricultural sector does not impact the health capital and work in the non rural sector impact negatively the health capital. So, the government intervention in rural areas should be different from the one implemented on the...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Child labor; Health; Pseudo-panel; Agribusiness; I12; R21; C23.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61231

Calories, Obesity and Health in OECD Countries

Mazzocchi, Mario; Traill, W. Bruce.

Theoretical models suggest that decisions about diet, weight and health status are endogenous within a utility maximisation framework. In this paper, we model these behavioural relationships in a fixed-effect panel setting using a simultaneous equation system, with a view to determining whether economic variables can explain the trends in calorie consumption, obesity and health in OECD countries and the large differences among countries. The empirical model shows that progress in medical treatment and health expenditure mitigates mortality from diet-related diseases, despite rising obesity rates. While the model accounts for endogeneity and serial correlation, results are affected by data limitations.