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| Registros recuperados: 1.789 | |
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| Gutierrez, Luciano. |
| Agriculture productivity varies dramatically in different regions of the world. Using recent theories of economic growth and new data sets (Larson and al., 1999) as a guide, this study finds some empirical regularities between agricultural labour productivity growth, investment and education, as also for environmental factors, for 44 countries during the period 1980-1993. We find strong evidence that where agricultural investment and educated people rates are higher, agricultural labour productivity grows faster. Secondly, geographical factors as well as freer trade influence growth. Finally, we find evidence of conditional convergence, which means that cross-country agricultural productivity does not converge to the same level of steady state but that... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Growth; Labour productivity; Convergence; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21741 |
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| Johansson, Robert C.; Coggins, Jay S.; Senauer, Benjamin. |
| Higher union density (the percentage of employees in an area who belong to unions) is known to raise the wages of union members. We find that in the supermarket industry, higher density locally also leads to higher wages for non-union members. Despite this, workers who are not in unions lose ground relative to union members. For a 10% increase in local union densities in the supermarket industry it is estimated that the wages of union employees in that labor market will increase by 5.3% and by 1.2% for nonunion. Hence, the union wage premium will increase in regions with higher union densities. At the time of the last national examination of the retail industry in 1977, union influence in the retail food industry was near its peak. Subsequently union... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14313 |
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| Gergely, Sandor; Magda, Sandor. |
| A zöldenergia (energetikai biomassza) előállítható elsődleges, másodlagos és harmadlagos biomasszából. Elsőként a melléktermékeket és hulladékokat célszerű felhasználni, majd pedig a fás és lágy szárú célültetvényeken előállított zöldenergia-hordozókat. A hazai mező- és erdőgazdasági melléktermék és hulladék energetikai célra hasznosítható évi mennyisége 4,9-5,7 millió tonna közötti, amely 40-50%-kal több, mint az évente kitermelt tűzifa. A földgázfűtés kiváltása a helyben keletkezett és/vagy termelt zöldenergia-hordozókkal már ma is gazdaságos, főként abban az esetben, ha települési és/vagy kistérségi logisztikai központ közbeiktatásával történik a zöldenergia-hordozók hasznosítása hőtermelésre. A zöldenergia-hordozók szabályozott körülmények között... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Zöldenergia; Energiahordozók; Fűtés; Faültetvény; Foglalkoztatás; Green energy; Energy resources; Heating; Woody energy plantation; Employment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119935 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper empirically identifies social learning and neighborhood effects in schooling investments in a new technology regime. The estimates of learning-investment rule from farm household panel data at the onset of the Green Revolution in India, show that (1) agents learn about schooling returns from income realizations of their neighbors and (2) schooling distribution of the parents’ generation in a community has externalities to schooling investments in children that are consistent with social learning. Simulations show that variations in schooling distributions within and across communities generate through social learning substantial variations in child enrollment rate and average household income. The results suggest that imperfect information... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Human capital; Social learning; Neighborhood effects; Income risk; Schooling distribution; Technical change; India; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59592 |
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| Biesold, Helga. |
| In the planned Soviet economy, agricultural enterprises in Ukraine played a significant role in maintaining social infrastructure in rural areas. The state insisted that these enterprises provide medical care, transport infrastructure, kindergartens, schools and housing, as well as food supplies. Over the course of transition, the economic and political conditions of agricultural enterprises has drastically changed. The state greatly reduced financing for rural social infrastructure. Additionally, agricultural production significantly fell. As a result, the agricultural enterprises partially cut their support of social infrastructure in the rural areas, and in some cases, even completely depleted it. At the same time, the living conditions of the rural... |
| Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93020 |
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| Andrade, Lucia Cristina; Portela, Roselene Souza; Ferrao, Euzalina Silva; Souza, Armando Lirio; Reis, Adebaro Alves. |
| As transformações no mundo do trabalho vividas, desde o final da década de 60, pelos países capitalistas e os impactos daí resultantes sobre a reestruturação do sistema produtivo têm definido novas práticas produtivas, que precarizam as relações de trabalho, favorecem o desemprego, baixos salários e exigem novas e melhores qualificações dos trabalhadores. Nesse contexto, estes se vêem diante de um novo padrão de acumulação capitalista, no qual valores como a competitividade e o individualismo são reivindicados. Isto leva à necessidade de uma organização dos trabalhadores em outras bases produtivas e gestão pautada na cooperação e no desenvolvimento de ações que gerem alternativas de trabalho e renda. É neste cenário que surge a Economia Solidária, baseada... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Trabalho; Cooperativismo; Economia solidária; Capital social; Empreendimentos solidários; Work; Cooperativismo; Solidary economy; Social capital; Enterprises solidary; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114020 |
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| Budd, John W.; McCall, Brian P.. |
| How and why has the wage distribution in U.S. grocery stores changed between 1984 and 1994? Unlike other industries in the time period, the important change in the wage distribution is not rising inequality, but the real wages fell across the entire wage distribution. Changes in labor market institutions explain more than half of the change in the wage distribution in grocery stores. Specifically, the decline in the real value of the minimum wage explains little of the decline in the mean real wage but much of the change in the shape of the distribution between 1984 and 1994, and 95 percent of the decline at the lowest 10th percentile. The decline in union coverage in grocery stores and the narrowing of the union-nonunion wage gap explains much of the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14347 |
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| Egri, Zoltan; Tanczos, Tamas. |
| As it is clear from the foregoing, the countries/country groups analyzed by education, R&D and labor market characteristics show a rather mixed picture. There is a lot more work to do at community, regional and national levels. This is true not only for the member states but also for the candidate countries. Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 proceed well on the road towards achieving the objectives of more and better jobs, full employment and social cohesion. These are open countries and most of them do not hinder the free flow of persons regarding the citizens of the new member states. As to competitiveness, these countries are among the best not only in Europe but also in the world. The best example for using synergies is the Scandinavian cooperation in the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Lisbon strategy; Mobility factor; Education-employment factor; Human resources; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58920 |
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| Keng, Shao-Hsun; Huffman, Wallace E.. |
| Health, like schooling, is a form of human capital and can be expected to be positively related to labor productivity and labor supply. The production of good health and labor productivity, however, sometimes competes with an individual's lifestyle, e.g., binge drinking. In this study, an individual's health has three dimensions: current health status, binge drinking which is an unhealthy lifestyle, and stature or mature height which is a young adult's health endowment. This study presents and fits a dynamic model of an individual's demand for health, demand for binge drinking, labor supply, and wage or demand for labor equations to NLSY 1979 cohort panel data of young people. We find that binge drinking has a negative but insignificant effect on the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Health; Labor productivity; Labor supply; Binge drinking; Youth; Panel data; Rational addiction; Human capital; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18252 |
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| Donnellan, Trevor; Hanrahan, Kevin F.; Hennessy, Thia C.. |
| This paper describes a conceptual framework for the empirical analysis of farmers’ labour allocation decisions. The paper presents a brief overview of previous farm household labour allocation studies. Following this, the agricultural household model, developed by Singh, Squire and Strauss (1986), which has been frequently applied to the study of labour allocation, is described in more depth. The agricultural household model, the theoretical model to be used in this analysis, is based on the premise that farmers behave to maximise utility, which is a function of consumption and leisure. It follows that consumption is bound by a budget constraint and leisure by a time constraint. The theoretical model can then be used to explain how farmers decide to... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labour markets; Institutional framework; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123280 |
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| Feher, Alajos; Czimbalmos, Robert; Kovacs, Gyorgyi; Szepesy, Edit. |
| A statisztikai adatok szerint a magyar mezőgazdaság munkaerő-felhasználása folyamatosan csökken. Cikkünkben rávilágítunk arra az ellentmondásra, ami a deklarált foglalkoztatási célok és a versenyképességet szolgáló gépberuházási támoga¬tások növekedése, valamint hatásai között feszül. E támogatások hozzájárulhatnak ahhoz, hogy a gazdák birtoknövelési törekvéseit erősítsék, s fokozzák a mezőgazdaság munkaerő-kibocsátását. Nem igazán halad a folyamatot potenciálisan mérséklő tevékenységdiverzifikáció sem. Három LEADER kistérségben 104 gazdálkodóra kiterjedő felmérésünkkel feltártuk a gazdák és gazdacsaládok gazdaságfejlesztési motívumait, a gazdaság diverzifikációjának helyzetét, a multifunkciós mezőgazdálkodással kapcsolatos terveiket, s az ezeket segítő és... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Vidékgazdaság; Vidéki foglalkoztatás; Multifunkcionális mezőgazdaság; Rural economy; Rural employment; Multifunctional agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99119 |
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| Registros recuperados: 1.789 | |
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