SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Le Gall, Solange; Bel Hassen, Malika; Le Gall, Pierre.

The linked concepts of 'microbial loop' and 'protozoan trophic link' have been very well documented in filter-feeding microzooplankton such as copepods, but have not been applied to energy transfer to benthic suspension-feeding macrofauna, with the exception of the recent demonstration of heterotrophic flagellate assimilation by mussels. The oyster Crassostrea gigas obtains energy resources by filtering microalgae (similar to 5 to 100 mu m). However, in turbid estuaries, light-limited phytoplanktonic production cannot entirely account for oyster energy requirements. Conversely, picoplankters (<2 mu m), which are main effecters of coastal energy flow and matter cycling, are not efficiently retained by oyster filtration. Ciliate protozoal as both...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Oyster; Food sources; Picoplankton; Protozoa; Trophic link.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00337/44788/44482.pdf

Pigment dynamics associated with the grazing of a ciliate and a flagellate feeding on a cyanobacterium

Mise au point d'outils moléculaires pour le diagnostic des parasites de type « Mikrocells » chez l'huître

Mostajir, B; Bustillos-guzman, J; Claustre, H; Rassoulzadegan, F.

The egestion of particulate material as well as pigment degradation during microzooplankton grazing on phytoplankton are poorly known processes. In an attempt to evaluate these processes, changes in pigment concentrations within various size fractions were monitored in batch cultures of an assemblage of a pelagic ciliate (Strombidium sulcatum) and a heterotrophic flagellate (Paraphysomonas sp.) feeding on a cyanobacterium (Synechococcus sp.) over a 10-day period. Chlorophyll a, carotenoids and phaeopigments were not found in the 0.1-0.7 mu m fraction while the pigments originally in the 0.7-3.0 mu m fraction (prey) were transferred into the > 3.0 mu m size fraction (predator). During this transfer, the carotenoids (zeaxanthin and B-carotene) were not...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Pigment; Phéopigment; Broutage; Protozoaire; HPLC; Pigment; Phaeopigment; Grazing; Protozoa; HPLC.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43660/43209.pdf

Response of the protozooplankton assemblage during the European Iron Fertilization Experiment (EIFEX) in the Antarctic circumpolar current

Kerdudou, Nolwenn.

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Protozoa; Parasite identification; Ostrea edulis.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/rapport-1764.pdf

Diseases of cultured molluscs in Australia

Assmy, Philipp; Cisewski, Boris; Henjes, Joachim; Klaas, Christine; Montresor, Marina; Smetacek, Victor.

Ocean iron fertilization experiments enable the quantitative study of processes shaping the structure and functioning of pelagic ecosystems following perturbation under in situ conditions. EIFEX was conducted within a stationary eddy adjacent to the Antarctic Polar Front over 38 days in February/March 2004 and induced a massive diatom bloom. Here, we present the responses in abundance and biomass of all identifiable protozooplankton taxa (heterotrophic protists ranging from 2 to 500 mm) during the bloom. Acantharia, dinoflagellates and ciliates together contributed >90% of protozooplankton biomass in the upper 100 m throughout the experiment with heterotrophic nanoflagellates, nassellaria, spumellaria, phaeodaria, foraminifera and the taxopodidean...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Protozoa; Rhizaria; Sarcodines; Southern Ocean; Top-down control.

Ano: 2014

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40091/39174.pdf

Factors affecting bacterial biomass and growth in the Duplin River estuary and coastal Atlantic Ocean.

Lester, R.

Three mollusc species are cultured commercially in Australian tropical and warm temperate waters: the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis , the pearl rock oyster is susceptible to two protozoans: Marteilia sydneyi , which is the cause of QX Disease and infects oysters during the summer; and Mikrocytos roughleyi which is associated with winter mortality. It also harbours mudworm, Polydora websteri a parasite farmers try to avoid by growing oysters on racks. Transported pearl oysters Pinctada maxima die with heavy infections of Vibrio harveyi . Cultured giant clams Tridacna gigas are pestered by pyramidellid snails and some carry Perkinsus sp., a protozoan common in reef bivalves. Deaths in mollusc hatcheries have been associated with Vibrio tubiashi...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Protozoa; Alteromonas; Vibrio tubiashi; Perkinsus; Vibrio harveyi; Polydora websteri; Mikrocytos roughleyi; Saccostrea commercialis; Pinctada maxima; Tridacna gigas; Bivalvia; Parasites; Mortality; Pearl culture; Infectious diseases; Parasitic diseases.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1468.pdf

Release of dissolved amino acids by flagellates and ciliates grazing on bacteria

Fallon, R; Newell, S; Sherr, B; Sheer, E.

Bacterial numbers and growth rates were measured in coastal, planktonic systems of the Western Atlantic ocean. Seasonal responses in growth rates of the bacterial assemblage were present at some sites, but these may be related to seasonal changes in substrate supply rather than to changes in temperature. Bacterial growth rates tended to decline with increasing distance from shore. There was evidence for predator-prey population cycles in the bacteria and < 17 mu m protozoa in the Duplin River Estuary which may indicate that the bacterial assemblage serves as prey for protozoan populations. In summer, a significant negative correlation between mu (instantaneous growth rate) and cell numbers in the bacterial assemblage indicated that substrate limitation...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Protozoa; Plankton; Bacteria; Predators; Grazing; Temperature effects; Seasonal variations; Limiting factors; Interspecific relationships; Nutrients (mineral); Growth.

Ano: 1984

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-955.pdf

Flow cytometry characterisation of defense cellular mechanisms from flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, parasited with Bonamia ostreae

Ferrier-pages, C; Karner, M; Rassoulzadegan, F.

Release of amino acids was examined in the laboratory in the form of dissolved primary amine (DPA) by two marine planktonic protozoa (the oligotrichous ciliate, Strombidium sulcatum and the aplastidic flagellate Pseudobodo sp.) grazing on bacteria. DPA release rates were high (19-25 x 10(-6) and 1.8-2.3 x 10(-6) mu mol DPA cell(-1) h(-1) for flagellates and ciliates, respectively) during the exponential phase, when the ingestion rates were maximum. Release rates were lower during the other growth phases. The release of DPA accounted for 10 % (flagellates) and 16 % (ciliates) of the total nitrogen ingested. Our data suggest that the release of DPA by protozoa could play an important role in supporting bacterial and consequently autotrophic pico- and...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Acides aminés; Protozoaires; Taux d'excrétion; Matière organique dissoute; Amino acids; Protozoa; Excretion rates; Dissolved organic matter.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00326/43670/43200.pdf

Intestinal parasites of Alouatta caraya (Primates, Ceboidea): preliminary study in semi-captivity and in the wild in Argentina

Garcia, Sandrine.

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Cytometry; Disease resistance; Protozoa; Ostrea edulis.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/rapport-1925.pdf

Mastozool. neotrop.

Milozzi,Carola; Bruno,Gabriela; Cundom,Elisa; Mudry,Marta D; Navone,Graciela T.

Endoparasitic infections are common in nonhuman primates and important factors in regulating their natural populations. Primates are particularly vulnerable to the infections of directly transmitted parasites because they often live in close social groups that facilitate their transmission. The main objective of this study was to provide baseline data on gastrointestinal parasites of semi captive and wild howler monkeys Alouatta caraya troops from Argentina. We collected 110 fecal samples from 38 howler monkeys from four troops, two of them kept in semi-captivity at the CRMAN, Córdoba, and two wild troops from Las Lomas, Corrientes. We identified six species of parasites: four Protozoa, Giardia lamblia, Blastocystis hominis, Eimeria sp. and Entamoeba coli;...

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-93832012000200006

Palavras-chave: Alouatta caraya; Argentina; Helminths; Protozoa.

Ano: 2012

The valid name for the genus Loxocephalus Foerster, 1862 (Insecta, Hymenoptera: Braconidae), preoccupied by Loxocephalus Eberhard, 1862 (Protozoa: Ciliophora)

Naturalis

Foissner, W.; Achterberg, C. van.

Loxocephalus Foerster, 1862 (Insecta: Braconidae) is preoccupied by Loxocephalus Eberhard, 1862 (Protozoa: Ciliophora). The name previously used for Loxocephalus Foerster, Myiocephalus Marshall, 1897, becomes the valid name for the genus.

Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor

Palavras-chave: Hymenoptera; Braconidae; Euphorinae; Protozoa; Ciliophora; Loxocephalus; Palaearctic; Homonymy; 42.75.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/318952

Trypanosomatid prevalence in Nezara viridula (L.), Euschistus heros (Fabricius) and Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) populations in Northern Paraná, Brazil

Neotropical Entomology

Sosa-Gómez,Daniel R.; Borges,Ednéia; Viera,Ivan H.T.L.; Costa,Fernando; Oliveira,Caroline N..

The stink bug complex in soybeans has a great potential to cause damage, their control has been difficult due to high population densities at the end of the season. Studies related to entomopathogenic organisms in stink bugs are interesting for their possibilities to be used as biological control agents and because they could be an etiological agent in mass rearing. We determined the prevalence of trypanosomatids in the most important species of the stink bug complex in soybean, from Brazil, Nezara viridula (L.), Euschistus heros (Fabricius) and Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood). Insects were collected in soybean and on alternate hosts during the intercrop season. Hemolymph drops from each adult were mounted on slides and observed under microscope; stink bug...

Expression of 65 000 MW Heat-shock Protein in SCID Mice Infected with Toxoplasma gondii after Transplantation of Mouse Fetal Thymus

Palavras-chave: Insect; Stink bug; Protozoa; Flagellate.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2005000200025

The Role of Carbohydrates in Infection Strategies of Enteric Pathogens

Nagasawa, Hideyuki; Hisaeda, Hajime; Ishikawa, Hiroyuki; Maekawa, Yoichi; Sakai, Tohru; Himeno, Kunisuke; 長澤, 秀行.

Palavras-chave: Heat shock protein; HSP65; Toxoplasma gondii; Protozoa; SCID mice; Protective immunity.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/229

Inhibitory effects of Melia azedarach L. extracts on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis : Ultrastructural changes of Trichomonas vaginalis treated by Melia azedarach L

Kato, Kentaro; Ishiwa, Akiko; 加藤, 健太郎.

Enteric pathogens cause considerable public health concerns worldwide including tropical regions. Here, we review the roles of carbohydrates in the infection strategies of various enteric pathogens including viruses, bacteria and protozoa, which infect the epithelial lining of the human and animal intestine. At host cell entry, enteric viruses, including norovirus, recognize mainly histo-blood group antigens. At the initial step of bacterial infections, carbohydrates also function as receptors for attachment. Here, we describe the function of carbohydrates in infection by Salmonella enterica and several bacterial species that produce a variety of fimbrial adhesions. During invasion by enteropathogenic protozoa, apicomplexan parasites utilize sialic acids...

Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Carbohydrate; Enteric pathogen; Infection; Protozoa; Virus.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4299

Effects of Euglena (Euglena gracilis) supplemented to diet (forage: concentrate ratios of 60:40) on the basic ruminal fermentation and methane emissions in in vitro condition

Lee, Yun Sik; Chung, In Bai; Choi, Won Hyung; Cho, Yoo Jung; Chu, Jong Phil; Min, Byung-Il; Shin, Eun-Hee.

Meliae cortex (Melia azedarach Linne. var. japonica Makino, M. toosendan Siebold & Zucc) is one of the herbs used in oriental medicine for the treatment of various types of vaginitis. The present study was performed to examine the effects of Meliae cortex extracts on the growth and fine structure of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis). Meliae cortex dose-dependently reduced the viability of T. vaginalis. In the electron microscopy study, we also observed the ultrastructural changes of T. vaginalis following the treatment with Meliae cortex. One to two hours after the addition of the extract of Meliae cortex, the movement of flagella and axostyle decreased, but the cell death did not occur. The fine structure of the cytoplasm was changed 30 min to 2...

Palavras-chave: Trichomonas vaginalis; Meliae cortex; Meliae azedarach; Inhibition of cell multiplication; Protozoa; Ultra structure.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/1051

Protozoa as test organisms in marine ecotoxicology: luxury or necessity?

Aemiro, Ashagrie; Watanabe, Shota; Suzuki, Kengo; Hanada, Masaaki; Umetsu, Kazutaka.

An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of Euglena (Euglena gracilis) on CH4 production, dry matter (DM) digestibility, volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ammonia N(NH3-N) concentration as well as on the protozoa population. The treatments considered were Euglena at concentrations of 0.0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 1000 g/kg dry matter (DM) of the substrate (60:40 forage: concentrate ratio) incubated for 24 and 96 h using an in vitro continuous gas production and in vitro two-stage digestion procedure, respectively. The data were subjected to polynomial regression analysis. Methane emissions (ml/g DM) decreased at an increasing rate, generally with increasing concentration of Euglena but also exhibited quadratic (P<...

Palavras-chave: Methane emission; Euglena; Protozoa; Volatile fatty acid; Digestibility; Ammonia.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4458

OMA

Dive, D.; Persoone, G..

A critical examination of the utility of protozoan bioassays in marine as well as in freshwater ecotoxicology implies the answer to three basic questions: why, how and when. Arguments in favor of tests with Protozoa are: protozoans combine all biological mechanisms and functions in one single cell; the physiology and biochemistry of several species has been studied extensively; the generation time of Protozoa is very short in comparison to Metazoa; large numbers of organisms can be produced in a small volume; induction of cryptobiotic stages is possible with some species; Protozoa play a significant role in aquatic ecosystems; test methodologies with very sensitive criteria can be worked out. The two basic approaches for bioassay are <i>in...

Bacteria and protozoa populations in groundwater in landfill area in São Carlos, SP

Palavras-chave: Ecotoxicology; Test organisms; Protozoa.

Ano: 1984

URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3264

Rev. Microbiol.

Fusconi,Roberta; Godinho,Mirna Januária Leal.

The microbial populations of groundwaters were analyzed in a region under the influence of a landfill (piezometer L12) in the town of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, and in an area not influenced by the landfill (piezometer L5). Heterotrophic bacteria were counted by spread plate method and the number of protozoa was estimated by the most probable number method. There was a larger number of organisms in well L12, with a mean value of 15.76 x 104 CFU/ml for bacteria and 9.7 MPN/ml for protozoa, whereas the mean values for piezometer L5 were 2.88 x 104 CFU/ml for bacteria and 3.4 MPN/ml for protozoa. The greater abundance detected in piezometer L12 may be related to the influence of the leachate through the landfill on the microbial populations, also...