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The Mathematical Biology of Human Infections Ecology and Society
Nowak, Martin A; Institute for Advanced Study; nowak@ias.edu.
Humans are constant victims of infectious diseases. Biomedical research during this century has led to important insights into the molecular details of immune defense. Yet, many questions relating to disease require a quantitative understanding of the complex systems that arise from the nonlinear interactions between populations of immune cells and infectious agents. Exploration of such questions has lead to a newly emerging field of mathematical biology describing the spread of infectious agents both within and between infected individuals. This essay will discuss simple and complex models of evolution, and the propagation of virus and prion infections. Such models provide new perspectives for our understanding of infectious disease and provide guidelines...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: CTL response; HIV; Antivirals; Epidemiology; Immune response; Infectious diseases; Mathematical biology; Models of evolution; Prions; Resistance; Treatment; Viruses.
Ano: 1999
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PRIMER REGISTRO DE ABUNDANCIA VIRAL EN BAHIA COLIUMO Y PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL FRENTE A CHILE CENTRAL Gayana
Chiang,Oscar E; Middelboe,Mathias; Quiñones,Renato A.
The abundance of virus like particles (VLP) was determined for the first time in the water column and sediment of Coliumo Bay and on a station on the continental shelf off central Chile. The VLP decreases with depth in the water column with a surface maximum of 4.1 x 10(7) VLP mL-1 and 5.87 x 10(7) VLP mL-1 on the shelf and Coliumo Bay, respectively. In the sediments the VLP ranged between 4.28 x 10(8) VLP mL (Coliumo Bay) and 1.01 x 10(8) VLP mL (shelf). The abundance of VLP is higher at the Bay both in the water column and in the sediment.
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Viruses; Virus-like particles; Prokaryotes; Humboldt Current System.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382007000100014
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Comportamento em relacao as doencas e desempenho agronomico de cultivares de maracujazeiro-azedo cultivadas sem agrotoxicos no Distrito Federal. Infoteca-e
JUNQUEIRA, N. T. V.; ANJOS, J. de R. N. dos; SILVA, A. P. de O.; CHAVES, R. da C.; GOMES, A. C..
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24614/1/bolpd_38.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Plant diseases; Bacterioses; Anthracnosis; Agronomic characteres; Integrated control.; Antracnose; Bacteriose; Características Agronômicas; Controle Integrado; Doença de Planta; Fungo; Maracujá; Passiflora Edulis; Rendimento; Vírus.; Verrugose; Variedade Resistente; Fungi; Disease resistance; Passion fruits; Viruses; Yields..
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/559760
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Coral-associated viruses and bacteria in the Ha Long Bay, Vietnam ArchiMer
Thu Pham, The; Thuoc Chu, Van; Viet Ha Bui, Thi; Thuy Nguyen, Thanh; Huy Tran, Quang; Ngoc Mai Cung, Thi; Bouvier, Corinne; Brune, Justine; Villeger, Sebastien; Bouvier, Thierry; Bettarel, Yvan.
Viruses inhabiting the surface mucus layer of scleractinian corals have received little ecological attention so far. Yet they have recently been shown to be highly abundant and could even play a pivotal role in coral health. A fundamental aspect that remains unresolved is whether their abundance and diversity change with the trophic state of their environment. The present study examined the variability in the abundance of viral and bacterial epibionts on 13 coral species collected from 2 different sites in the Ha Long Bay, Vietnam: one station heavily affected by anthropogenic activity (Cat Ba Island) and one protected offshore station (Long Chau Island). In general, viral abundance was significantly higher in coral mucus (mean = 10.6 +/- 2.0 x 10(7)...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Viruses; Coral-associated bacteria; Mucus; Symbionts; Coral reefs.
Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73870/73680.pdf
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Particules virales de type Bacilovirus observees chez le crabe Carcinus maenas. ArchiMer
Bazin, F.; Monsarrat, P.; Bonami, Jean-robert; Croizier, G.; Meynadier, G.; Quiot, J.m.; Vago, C..
A new virus from the Crab Carcinus maenas has been found in the nuclei of conjunctive and blood cells. Its localization, morphology, size, morphogeny relate it to the Baculovirus group. By some aspects it appears to be related closer to the insect viruses from Oryctes rhinoceros, and to red mite viruses from Panonychus ulmi and P.citri than to the nuclear polyhedrosis of the pink shrimp Penaeus duorarum.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Penaeus duorarum; Panonychus citri; Panonychus ulmi; Oryctes rhinoceros; Carcinus maenas; Viruses; Viral diseases.
Ano: 1974 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-2041.pdf
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Viruses infecting marine molluscs ArchiMer
Arzul, Isabelle; Corbeil, Serge; Morga, Benjamin; Renault, Tristan.
Although a wide range of viruses have been reported in marine molluscs, most of these reports rely on ultrastructural examination and few of these viruses have been fully characterized. The lack of marine mollusc cell lines restricts virus isolation capacities and subsequent characterization works. Our current knowledge is mostly restricted to viruses affecting farmed species such as oysters Crassostrea gigas, abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta or the scallop Chlamys farreri. Molecular approaches which are needed to identify virus affiliation have been carried out for a small number of viruses, most of them belonging to the Herpesviridae and birnaviridae families. These last years, the use of New Generation Sequencing approach has allowed increasing...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Molluscs; Viruses; Diseases; Herpesviridae; Bivalve; Abalone.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48206/48319.pdf
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Development of genomic probes for detection of hepatitis A virus and enteroviruses in shellfish ArchiMer
Apaire, M; Leguyader, F; Besse, B; Billaudel, S.
The development of molecular biology techniques has modified research procedures for certain viruses, particularly hepatitis A virus (HAV) and enteroviruses. Accordingly, we designed cDNA and RNA genomic probes to detect viruses in shellfish in the environment. Better sensitivity was noted with RNA than cDNA probes: only 17/83 shellfish samples were positive with HAV and enterovirus DNA probes, where as 42/83 were positive with HAV and enterovirus RNA probes.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Enterovirus; Hepatitis A virus; Picornaviridae; RNA probes; DNA probes; Seafood; Biology; Sensors; DNA; RNA; Viruses; Detection; Marine molluscs; Shellfish.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1613.pdf
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Status and future of molluscan pathology in North America ArchiMer
Elston, R.
Serious diseases have plagued the North American oyster industry for at least 75 years. These include Malpeque Bay disease, M.S.X. disease, perkinsiosis, nocardiosis, oyster velar virus disease and others. Some of these diseases have proven intractable since they are caused by infectious agents which have not yet been transmitted in the laboratory or which cannot yet be cultivated outside of the host animal. The increased importance of aquaculture of these species and the advent of modern molecular technologies in biology have provided both the impetus and the means to now advance the science of molluscan pathology.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: North America; Viruses; Viral diseases; Mollusc culture.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1475.pdf
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Depuration centre management. Course notes ArchiMer
O'Carroll, Terence; Boulter, Mark; Seaver, Mary; Masson, Daniel; O'Driscoll, Michael; Roden, Cillian.
The purpose of this course is to train and familiarise people, who are going to build, have just built or are about to modernise a purification plant, in the latest technology available to the industry and also to train people so that they can effectively run a depuration centre. ln general the course aims to : - Give participants practical experience of different systems prior to committing themselves to a particular system. - Enable participants to compare systems. - Provide a minimum training qualification to run an establishment which is essentially a facility to guarantee health and safety of products to the consumer. - Provide an overview from bacteria testing to plant lay out etc. The structure of the course is in modules, morning and...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Shellfish depuration; Purification; Bacteria; Viruses.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00140/25082/23192.pdf
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Viral contamination and depuration of oysters under field conditions ArchiMer
Boher, S; Piclet, Guy; Beril-stien, S; Masson, Daniel; Delonce, R; Biziagos, E; Schwartzbrod, L.
Shellfish consumption is clearly associated with the transmission of enteric viruses. The channel of transmission of enteric viruses to human beings could be decreased particularly if the systems of depuration of shellfish were optimized, standardized and if their viral efficiency was controlled. The purpose of this work was to study the contamination of oysters and to assess the efficiency of several depuration processes. Our study have demonstrated that in some cases, 50% of oysters samples contain enteric viruses or H.A.V. antigen and the quantities of viruses range from 17 to 246 FF for the rotaviruses and from 124 to 200 for the enteroviruses per 100 g of tissue. According to our results, the exclusive use of a bacteriological criterium to determine...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Rotavirus; Hepatitis A virus; Enterovirus; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Seafood; Bioassays; Cell culture; Viruses; Self purification; Viral diseases; Shellfish.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1615.pdf
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Inadequacy of bacterial indicators for assessing elimination rates of viruses from molluscan shellfish ArchiMer
Burkhardt, W; Watkins, W; Rippey, S.
The reported incidence of shellfish-borne illness in the United States increased dramatically during the last decade. Most of the outbreaks are attributed to diseases of viral aetiology. These human health problems result primarily from the ingestion of raw shellfish which have accumulated enteric pathogens from environmental waters or from wet storage facilities. Our studies have demonstrated that hard-shelled clams concentrate different indicator micro-organisms at variable and unpredictable rates during the year. In temperate waters, this has been observed at two abbreviated periods in mid-spring and again in late fall when accumulation rates increased dramatically. Moreover, these rates were not generally coincident for viruses and bacteria. In...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Intestinal microflora; Phages; Seafood; Public health; Diseases; Marine molluscs; Viruses; Shellfish; Self purification; Bacteria; Indicator species.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1609.pdf
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Infectious pathology in mollusc and shrimp hatcheries ArchiMer
Mialhe, Eric.
Development of aquaculture has been linked to zootechnical mastering of larval production in hatcheries. Regular and excessive use of antibiotics (antifungal or antibacterial) may thus also be reduced, permitting to limit release of these products in sea-water and, consequently, avoiding progressive selection of resistant-strains.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Viruses; Infectious diseases; Epidemiology; Pathogens; Bacterial diseases; Pathology; Larval development; Mollusc culture; Shrimp culture.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1487.pdf
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Viral and Bacterial Epibionts in Thermally-Stressed Corals ArchiMer
Nguyen-kim, Hanh; Bouvier, Thierry; Bouvier, Corinne; Ngoc Bui, Van; Le-lan, Huong; Bettarel, Yvan.
The periodic rise in seawater temperature is one of the main environmental determinants of coral bleaching. However, the direct incidence of these episodic thermal anomalies on coral-associated microbiota and their subsequent effects on coral health are still not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of three main microbial communities of the coral holobiont (e.g., Symbiodinium, bacteria and viruses), during an experimental thermal stress (+4 degrees C) conducted on the scleractinian Fungia repanda. The heat-treatment induced coral bleaching after 11 days and resulted in a final elevation of ca. 9, 130 and 250-fold in the abundance of mucosal viruses, bacteria, and Symbiodinium, respectively. On the contrary, the proportion of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Coral bleaching; Thermal stress; Bacteria; Viruses; Holobiont; Vietnam.
Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00626/73823/73642.pdf
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Mise en evidence de particules d'allure virale associees aux noyaux des cellules mesodermiques de la zone germinative testiculaire du crabe Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould) (Brachyoure, Xanthide). ArchiMer
Payen, Geneviève G.; Bonami, Jean-robert.
Ultrastructural study of the testicular germinative zone in the crab R. harrisii has led to observation of virus-like particles exclusively located in the nuclei of mesodermal cells encompassing primary spermatogonia. These particles are related to the group of viruses of the herpes type.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Rhithropanopeus harrisii; Viruses; Testes; Viral diseases.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/publication-1940.pdf
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Diseases of cultured prawns in Australia ArchiMer
Lester, R; Paynter, J.
Plebejus baculovirus and other MBV-related viruses have been found in Penaeus plebejus, P. monodon and P. merguiensis . They appear highly pathogenic in certain situations currently undefined. We have found Hepatopancreatic Parvo-like Virus (< hpv) in wild P. esculentus and P. merguiensis but not yet in cultured prawns. The amphophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies we find in P. esculentus do not appear to have a viral cause.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Australia Coasts; Penaeidae; Viral diseases; Fungal diseases; Gills; Viruses; Hatcheries; Gill disease.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1458.pdf
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Recent advances in Australian prawns diseases and pathology ArchiMer
Owens, L; Hall, M.
Disease is always limiting in animal production and new syndromes occur in fledgling industries. This paper describes the latest findings in this area.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Vibrio damsela; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Malacostraca; Bacteria; Septicaemia; Aetiology; Viruses; Juveniles; Ovaries; Larvae; Pathology; Viral diseases.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1461.pdf
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A review of the known hosts geographical range and current diagnostic procedures for the virus diseases of cultured penaeid shrimp ArchiMer
Lightner, D; Bell, T; Redman, R.
At least six virus diseases are presently known in cultured penaeid shrimp. Each of these six penaeid virus diseases (BP = Baculovirus penaei ; MBV = Penaeus monodon -type baculovirus (including PBV of Australian penaeids); BMN = baculoviral midgut gland necrosis; HPV = hepatopancreatic parvo-like virus; IHHNV = infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus; and REO = reo-like virus of the hepatopancreas) may be comprised by a multitude of individual strains, some of which are highly pathogenic to some penaeids, while being of little importance to others.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Baculovirus penaei; Penaeus japonicus; Penaeus monodon; Malacostraca; Marine crustaceans; Necroses; Infectious diseases; Viruses; Diseases.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1481.pdf
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Sequential resuspension of biofilm components (viruses, prokaryotes and protists) as measured by erodimetry experiments in the Brouage mudflat (French Atlantic coast) ArchiMer
Dupuy, Christine; Mallet, Clarisse; Guizien, Katell; Montanie, Helene; Breret, Martine; Mornet, Francoise; Fontaine, Camille; Nerot, Caroline; Orvain, Francis.
Resuspension thresholds in terms of friction velocity were experimentally quantified for the prokaryotes, protists and for the first time, viruses of intertidal mudflat biofilms. Differences in resuspension thresholds could be related to the type, behaviour and size of microorganisms and their association with particles. Free microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and some nanoflagellates) were resuspended by weak flow at friction velocities lower than 2 cm s- 1. Chlorophyll a, some nanoflagellates and attached bacteria were resuspended together with the bed’s muddy sediment, which required friction velocities larger than 3 cm s- 1. Diatoms smaller than 60 μm were resuspended at velocities between 3 and 5 cm s- 1, while those larger than 60 μm were resuspended...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Viruses; Microorganisms; Resuspension; Benthic-pelagic coupling; Spatial distribution; Mudflat.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00168/27922/26196.pdf
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Mechanisms of virus resistance and antiviral activity of snake venoms J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.
Rivero,JVR; de Castro,FOF; Stival,AS; Magalhães,MR; Carmo Filho,JR; Pfrimer,IAH.
Viruses depend on cell metabolism for their own propagation. The need to foster an intimate relationship with the host has resulted in the development of various strategies designed to help virus escape from the defense mechanisms present in the host. Over millions of years, the unremitting battle between pathogens and their hosts has led to changes in evolution of the immune system. Snake venoms are biological resources that have antiviral activity, hence substances of significant pharmacological value. The biodiversity in Brazil with respect to snakes is one of the richest on the planet; nevertheless, studies on the antiviral activity of venom from Brazilian snakes are scarce. The antiviral properties of snake venom appear as new promising therapeutic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Snake venom; Viruses; Antiviral agents.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000400005
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Virucidal effect of disinfectants on several animal viruses OAK
Nomura, Yasuharu; Ohta, Chikako; Shirahata, Toshikazu; Goto, Hitoshi; 野村, 泰春; 太田, 千佳子; 白幡, 敏一; 後藤, 仁.
Palavras-chave: Disinfectants; Viruses.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/1638
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