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The National Agricultural Research System Of Morocco OceanDocs
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural research; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8679.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/568
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Technology-Climate Interactions in the Green Revolution in India AgEcon
McKinsey, James W., Jr.; Evenson, Robert E..
This paper presents a model of the Green Revolution in India, in which the development and diffusion of HYVs, the expansion of irrigation and the expansion of multiple-cropping are treated as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure, as well as to climate and edaphic endowments. We incorporate explicit climate-technology interactions in the model, in order to identify climate effects on the diffusion of HYVs, irrigation and multiple-cropping, and on Net Revenue to agriculture. We find that climate affects technology development and diffusion, and that technology development and diffusion affect the impacts of climate on agricultural productivity in India.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; India; HYV; Rice; Wheat; Climate; Agricultural research; International Development; 112; 121; 226; 620; 710.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28452
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ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF HIGH-YIELDING VARIETIES OF MAIZE IN RESETTLEMENT AREAS OF ZIMBABWE AgEcon
Bourdillon, Michael; Hebinck, Paul; Hoddinott, John; Kinsey, Bill; Marondo, John; Mudege, Netsayi; Owens, Trudy.
This study is part of a larger effort to explore the impact of agricultural research on poverty reduction. It examines the diffusion and impact of hybrid maize in selected resettlement areas of rural Zimbabwe, paying particular attention to varieties made widely available from the mid-1990s onwards. While “Zimbabwe’s Green Revolution” of the early 1980s was characterized by the widespread adoption of hybrid maize varieties and significant increases in yields, the subsequent diffusion of newer varieties occurred more slowly and had a more modest impact. Several factors account for this. Government now plays a much-reduced role and one that increasingly focuses on “better farmers.” Private-sector institutions that have entered the maize sector operate mainly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agricultural research; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability; Agricultural extension; Social capital; Hybrid maize; Zimbabwe; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16407
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Social science perspectives on managing agricultural technology AgEcon
Experiences of 15 social science research fellows who recount their roles in particular research projects at the International Agricultural Research Centers they were appointed. In addition to highlighting the contributions social scientists can make in the field of agricultural research, their papers offer a candid look at the kinds of work in which the Centers currently are engaged.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Technology; Agricultural research; Resource management; Farmer participation; Evaluation; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113863
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Economic Returns to Public Agricultural Research AgEcon
Fuglie, Keith O.; Heisey, Paul W..
Over the last several decades, the U.S. agricultural sector has sustained impressive productivity growth. The Nation's agricultural research system, including Federal-State public research as well as private-sector research, has been a key driver of this growth. Economic analysis finds strong and consistent evidence that investment in agricultural research has yielded high returns per dollar spent. These returns include benefits not only to the farm sector but also to the food industry and consumers in the form of more abundant commodities at lower prices.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Productivity; Productivity growth; Technology; Total factor productivity; TFP; Research investments; Food; Input; Output; Crop yield; Agricultural research; Agricultural output; Public spending; Private sector research; ERS; USDA; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6388
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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND URBAN POVERTY IN INDIA AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen.
Using a similar analytical approach to a study in China, this paper analyzes the impact of agricultural research on urban poverty reduction in India. State level data from 1970 to 1995 were used in the empirical analysis. It is found that in addition to its large impact on rural poverty reduction, agricultural research investments have also played a major role in the reduction of urban poverty. Agricultural research investments increase agricultural production, and increased production in turn lowers food prices. The urban poor often benefit proportionately more than the non-poor since they spend 50-80% of their income on food. Among all the rural investments considered in this study, agricultural research has the largest impact on urban poverty reduction...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Developing countries; India; Agricultural research; Urban; Poverty; Food price; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16079
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Uncovering Productivity Growth in the Disaggregate: Indonesia's Dueling Agricultural Sub-Sectors AgEcon
Rada, Nicholas E.; Buccola, Steven T.; Fuglie, Keith O..
The success of seed-fertilizer technologies and government subsidies in attaining nearly self-sufficient rice production in the mid-1980s encouraged the Indonesian government soon afterward to shift resources away from food crops and toward export-oriented crops. These shifts were reinforced by trade liberalization and a sharp devaluation of the rupiah after the 1997 Asian financial crisis, which exerted Indonesia’s comparative advantage in tropical perennial products. In the present paper, we ask whether such events have altered Indonesia’s agricultural growth strategy from a food-crop to an export-crop one. With an innovative multi-output stochastic distance frontier model and provincial production and policy-related data from 1985 to 2005, we...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural research; Indonesia; Shephard distance function; Stochastic frontier; Technical change; Technical efficiency; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61021
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Is the Share of Agricultural Maintenance Research Rising? AgEcon
Sparger, John Adam; Heisey, Paul W.; Alwang, Jeffrey Roger; Norton, George W..
This study measures the amount of agricultural research engaged in maintenance research for commodities and non-commodities. The percentage of commodity based maintenance research has risen from roughly 35% in 1986 to 41% in 2008. The percentage of non-commodity based agricultural research is roughly 29%. Additionally, an empirical model is developed to explain maintenance research expenditures. The influences of agricultural research funding, climatic conditions, pest and pathogen control, and agricultural production on maintenance research expenditures are tested in the long and short run. Each category has a statistically significant impact on maintenance research expenditures.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Maintenance research; Research depreciation; Agricultural research; Total factor productivity; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61302
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Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators, 2006 Edition AgEcon
Wiebe, Keith D.; Gollehon, Noel R..
This is a large file. We have had reports of problems opening the file in Mozilla Firefox. If you have problems, try using Windows Internet Explorer.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: ERS; AREI; Agricultural economics; Natural resources; Land; Land use; Land values; Land ownership; Water use; Irrigation; Water quality; Genetic resources; Biotechnology; Agricultural research; Agricultural productivity; Global resources; Soil conservation; Soil erosion; Pest management; Nutrient management; Animal agriculture; Organic agriculture; Conventional agriculture; Conservation policy; Land retirement; Working lands; Wetlands; Farmland protection; Environmental quality; Farm structure; Farm ownership; Farm management decisions; Farm business; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7207
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COPING WITH TURBULENCE; STRATEGIES FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES AgEcon
Rutten, H..
1. Today, after having focused on Research, Extension and Education (the so-called 'REE-triptych') for over a century, the agricultural knowledge system is in a phase of transition. New roads should be taken to establish agricultural knowledge policies that will think ahead - both in the 'theory' and the 'practice' of knowledge processes. 2. Modeling innovation processes along linear perspectives is increasingly less productive; both knowledge-driven models (such as the classical REE concept) and market-driven perceptions are insufficient to implement a fresh and adequate policy of agricultural innovation. 3. Generating knowledge, developing technologies and skills, and innovating are three fundamentally different activities. Agricultural knowledge...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural research; Foresight; Strategic management; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12016
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Hidden harvest: U.S. benefits from international research aid AgEcon
Pardey, Philip G.; Alston, Julian M.; Christian, Jason E.; Fan, Shenggen.
This report spells out the benefits to the United States from its partnership with the CGIAR. Using wheat and rice to illustrate the gains from international research on important food crops, the report shows that U.S. investments in CGIAR wheat and rice research have paid off many times over for U.S. farmers
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agricultural assistance; American; Economic aspects; Developing countries; Agricultural research; Developing countries; Finance; Investments; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55649
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THE IMPACT OF IMPROVED MAIZE GERMPLASM ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION: THE CASE OF TUXPENO-DERIVED MATERIAL IN MEXICO AgEcon
Bellon, Mauricio R.; Adato, Michelle; Becerril, Javier; Mindek, Dubravka.
This study documents how poor small-scale farmers in lowland tropical Mexico use improved maize germplasm and how this contributes to their well-being. It does this by assessing both the direct adoption of improved varieties and examining the process of their “creolization.” By exposing improved varieties for replanting, and in some cases promoting their hybridization with landraces, either by design or by accident, farmers produce what they recognize as “creolized” varieties. Our key hypothesis is that poor farmers benefit from improved germplasm through creolization. Creolization provides farmers with new options, as they deliberately modify an improved technology generated by the formal research system to suit their own circumstances and needs....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agricultural research; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability; Agricultural extension; Maize germplasm; Creolization; Mexico; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16471
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Innovation systems perspectives on developing-country agriculture: a critical review AgEcon
Spielman, David J..
Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. A critique of innovation systems perspectives on agricultural research in developing countries. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 41-54. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.; Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. Systems of innovation: models, methods, and future directions. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 55-66. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agricultural research; Technological innovation; Cooperation; Networks; Game theory; International Development.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59692
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Une approche stratégique pour la planification du programme de recherche agricole en Afrique sub-saharienne AgEcon
Boughton, Duncan; Crawford, Eric W.; Howard, Julie A.; Oehmke, James F.; Shaffer, James D.; Staatz, John M..
Des études récentes ont montré que la recherche agricole en Afrique peut avoir une rentabilité élevée, mais son impact dépend de l'adaptabilité des nouvelles technologies aux capacités et aux besoins changeants du secteur agricole et du reste de l'économie. Les politiques d'ajustement structurel (ex : la libéralisation des marchés et la dévaluation monétaire) et les changements politiques sont en train de transformer la demande de nouvelles technologies et l'environnement économique au sein duquel ces technologies doivent opérer. Le défi est de concevoir la recherche agricole comme un intrant stratégique qui encourage une croissance économique à base élargie, la transformation structurelle de l'économie et la sécurité alimentaire dans des économies...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural research; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads June 2008-June 2009: 11; Q18.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54701
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The Private Sector in Agricultural R&D: Policies and Institutions to Foster its Growth in Developing Countries AgEcon
Naseem, Anwar; Omamo, Steven Were; Spielman, David J..
New technologies are critical to enhancing agricultural productivity and reducing poverty in many developing countries. While public-sector investment in research has historically driven technological change in agriculture, recent trends suggest that the public sector’s role may not be as significant in the future. There is much optimism about the private sector’s capacity to deliver new technologies, even though current levels of private investment in research in developing countries remain low. This paper examines the determinants of private investment in agricultural research and development in developing countries, the market and institutional constraints that limit private investment growth, and the incentive mechanisms that can strengthen private...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural research and development; Private sector; Agricultural productivity; Research and development; Poverty reduction; Investments; Biotechnology; Food policy; Agricultural research; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58582
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RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN JOINT PUBLIC-PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AgEcon
Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A.; Fuglie, Keith O..
Federal technology transfer legislation has encouraged increased collaboration between the public and private sectors, including joint research ventures known as Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs). While several economically important technologies have been developed through CRADAs, there is concern that CRADA may divert public research from its central research missions. This study compares the pattern of research resource allocation for CRADA projects at the U.S. Department of Agriculture with research priorities of public and private intramural agricultural research. The findings suggest that CRADAs have attracted considerable private co-financing of joint research projects, and may have enabled public research to concentrate...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural research; CRADA projects; Research priorities; Technology transfer; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14725
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The Impact of the CIMMYT Wheat Breeding Program on Mexican Wheat Producers and Consumers: An Economic Welfare Analysis AgEcon
Barkley, Andrew P.; Nalley, Lawton Lanier; Crespi, John M..
The increase in wheat production in Mexico’s Yaqui Valley from the breeding and development of semidwarf wheat varieties released by CIMMYT is quantified for the period 1990-2002, and the costs and benefits of the wheat research program are estimated and evaluated using a two-region model of the world wheat market.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Public wheat breeding; Benefit/cost analysis; Agricultural research; Wheat varieties; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6931
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Centre Commissioned External Review (CCER) of the IWMI-TATA Water Policy Research Program. AgEcon
Burke, Jacob J.; Joshi, Deep; Chopra, Ravi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural research; Research projects; Project appraisal; Financing; Institutional development; Evaluation; Water policy; Water management; Irrigation management; Groundwater; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92021
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Productivity Growth in U.S. Agriculture AgEcon
Fuglie, Keith O.; MacDonald, James C.; Ball, V. Eldon.
Innovation and changes in technology have been a driving force for gains in productivity growth in U.S. agriculture. USDA's Economic Research Service has developed annual indexes of agricultural inputs, outputs, and total factor productivity (TFP) for 1948 through 2004. American agriculture relies almost entirely on productivity growth to raise output. By lowering the cost of agricultural commodities, productivity growth benefits not only farmers but also food manufacturers and consumers.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Productivity; Productivity growth; Total factor productivity; TFP; Labor; Farm economy; Prices; Agricultural research; Agricultural output; Technology; ERS; USDA; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6382
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CIMMYT's Formal Training Activities: Perceptions of Impact from Former Trainees, NARS Research Leaders, and CIMMYT Scientists AgEcon
Cooksy, Leslie J.; Arellano, Elias.
This report provides information on the impact of CIMMYT training, based on a set of background interviews with center staff, reviews of relevant data and documents provided by CIMMYT, and two surveys: one of research leaders in trainees’ countries of origin and one of participants in CIMMYT courses on maize and wheat improvement, quality protein maize, soil-borne pathogens of cereals, and maize stress breeding during 2002-04. Evidence indicates that training provided by CIMMYT not only furnishes new knowledge and skills, but results in new ways of thinking about research and new research partnerships, is often shared within trainees’ home institutions, and changes the way the institutions work. The evidence in this study establishes the existence of...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Training programmes; Training courses; Education; Extension; Agricultural research; Diffusion of research; Evaluation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C10; A50.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56101
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