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| Registros recuperados: 10.106 | |
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| Hull, Vanessa; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability (CSIS), Michigan State University; hullvane@msu.edu; Tuanmu, Mao-Ning; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability (CSIS), Michigan State University; mao-ning.tuanmu@yale.edu; Liu, Jianguo; Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability (CSIS), Michigan State University; liuji@msu.edu. |
| In today’s globalized world, humans and nature are inextricably linked. The coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) framework provides a lens with which to understand such complex interactions. One of the central components of the CHANS framework involves examining feedbacks among human and natural systems, which form when effects from one system on another system feed back to affect the first system. Despite developments in understanding feedbacks in single disciplines, interdisciplinary research on CHANS feedbacks to date is scant and often site-specific, a shortcoming that prevents complex coupled systems from being fully understood. The special feature “Exploring Feedbacks in Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS)”... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: CHANS; Feedback; Policy; Sustainability; Telecoupling; Time lag. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Waylen, Kerry A; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; kerry.waylen@hutton.ac.uk; Blackstock, Kirsty L; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; kirsty.blackstock@hutton.ac.uk; Holstead, Kirsty L; Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute; kirsty.holstead@hutton.ac.uk. |
| There are many recommendations for environmental management practices to adopt more holistic or systems-based approaches and to strengthen stakeholder participation. However, management practices do not always match or achieve these ideals. We explore why theory may not be reflected by practice by exploring experiences of projects seeking to implement the ecosystem approach, a concept that entails participatory holistic management. A qualitative inductive approach was used to understand the processes, achievements, and challenges faced by 16 projects across the British Isles. Many projects made significant progress toward their goals, yet failed to achieve fully participatory holistic management. Many of the challenges that contributed to this failure can... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Conservation; Institutional inertia; Participation; Pathways; Systems thinking. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries are among the worlds’ richest in marine biodiversity. Fish stocks in these regions are important for fishing communities, and fishing activities engage several million people. These fisheries depend on the natural services provided by a diverse range of marine social-ecological systems, but many LAC fisheries are in a degraded state, and concerns about overexploitation are widespread. With most fishery resources fully exploited or overexploited, opportunities for development lie primarily in restoring depleted stocks and using stocks more efficiently. The papers published in the Special Feature “Cooperation, Local Communities, and Marine Social-Ecological Systems: New Findings from Latin... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Cooperation; Latin America; Marine social-ecological systems; Stewardship. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Cox, Michael; Environmental Studies Program, Dartmouth College; michael.e.cox@dartmouth.edu. |
| In this paper, I address a gap in the literature on environmental social science by providing a basic rubric for the conduct of empirical research in this interdisciplinary field. Current literature displays a healthy diversity of methods and techniques, but this has also been accompanied by a lack of consistency in the way in which research in this area is done. In part this can be seen as resulting from a lack in supporting texts that would provide a basis for this consistency. Although relevant methods texts do exist, these are not written with this type of research explicitly in mind, and so translating them to this field can be awkward. This paper is designed to fill this gap and enable more consistency in the conduct of empirical environmental social... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Environmental social science; Research design; Research methods. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Steen-Adams, Michelle M.; Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England; Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service; msteenadams@une.edu; Langston, Nancy; Department of Social Sciences, Michigan Technological University; nelangst@gmail.com; Adams, Mark D. O.; Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England; madams3@une.edu; Mladenoff, David J.; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; djmladen@wisc.edu. |
| Current and future human and forest landscape conditions are influenced by the cumulative, unfolding history of social-ecological interactions. Examining past system responses, especially unintended consequences, can reveal valuable insights that promote learning and adaptation in forest policy and management. Temporal couplings are complex, however; they can be difficult to trace, characterize, and explain. We develop a framework that integrates environmental history into analysis of coupled human and natural systems (CHANS). Our study demonstrates how historical data and methods can help to explain temporal complexity of long-term CHANS feedbacks. We focus on two sources of temporal complexity: legacy effects and lagged interactions. We apply our... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: CHANS; Environmental history; Feedback; Forest landscape; Great Lakes; Historical ecology; Lagged interaction; Legacy; Ownership; Tribal; Unanticipated consequence. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Vlasova, Tatiana; Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences; tatiana.vlsv@gmail.com; Sutinen, Marja-Liisa; Finnish Forest Research Institute, Rovaniemi Research Unit; marja-liisa.sutinen@metla.fi; Chapin III, F. Stuart; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; terry.chapin@alaska.edu; Cabeza, Mar; Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki; cabeza@cc.helsinki.fi; Callaghan, Terry V.; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, UK; Department of Botany, Tomsk State University, Russia; terry_callaghan@btinternet.com; van Oort, Bob; CICERO - Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo; oort@cicero.oslo.no; Dannevig, Halvor; Western Norway Research Institute; halvor.dannevig@vestforsk.no; Bay-larsen, Ingrid A.; Nordland Research Institute; ingrid.bay-larsen@nforsk.no; Ims, Rolf A.; Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway; rolf.ims@uit.no; Aspholm, Paul Eric; Bioforsk, Svanhovd; paul.eric.aspholm@bioforsk.no. |
| Humans depend on services provided by ecosystems, and how services are affected by climate change is increasingly studied. Few studies, however, address changes likely to affect services from seminatural ecosystems. We analyzed ecosystem goods and services in natural and seminatural systems, specifically how they are expected to change as a result of projected climate change during the 21st century. We selected terrestrial and freshwater systems in northernmost Europe, where climate is anticipated to change more than the global average, and identified likely changes in ecosystem services and their societal consequences. We did this by assembling experts from ecology, social science, and cultural geography in workshops, and we also performed a literature... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Barents Region; Biodiversity; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Forestry; Game species; Outdoor recreation; Reindeer husbandry; Social-ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Hegger, Dries; Environmental Governance, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University; d.l.t.hegger@uu.nl; Dieperink, Carel; Environmental Governance, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University; c.dieperink@uu.nl. |
| Both in literature and in practice, it is claimed that joint knowledge production (JKP) by researchers, policy makers, and other societal actors is necessary to make science relevant for addressing climate adaptation. Although recent assessments of JKP projects have provided some arguments in favor of their societal merit, much less is known about their scientific merit. We explored the latter by developing a conceptual framework addressing characteristics of doing JKP as well as hypotheses on potential merits and pitfalls in terms of its process, output, and impact for science. Semistructured interviews with six environmental science research leaders as well as discussions with five researchers involved in past JKP projects were used to start... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Climate change adaptation; Joint knowledge production (JKP); Science studies; Survey; The Netherlands. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Bowd, Rebecca; School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal; rebecca@greendoorgroup.co.za; Quinn, Nevil W.; Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of the West of England ; nevil.quinn@uwe.ac.uk; Kotze, Donovan C.; School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal; kotzed@ukzn.ac.za. |
| Consideration of biophysical impacts has historically dominated environmental impact assessment (EIA) practice. Despite the emergence of social impact assessment, the consideration of socioeconomic impacts in EIA is variable, as is the extent of their integration in EIA findings. There is growing recognition for the need to move EIA practice toward sustainability assessment, characterized by comprehensiveness, i.e., scope of impacts, integration, i.e., of biophysical and socioeconomic impacts, and a greater strategic focus. This is particularly the case in developing regions and in countries like South Africa, which have statutory requirements for the full consideration of socioeconomic impacts in EIA. We suggest that EIA practice could benefit from... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Environmental impact assessment (EIA); Framework; Participation; Social-ecological system (SES); Sustainability assessment. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Apgar, Marina J; Policy, Economic and Social Sciences, WorldFish Center; m.apgar@cgxchange.org; Allen, Will; Learning for Sustainability; willallennz@gmail.com; Moore, Kevin; Faculty of Environment, Society and Design, Lincoln University; kevin.moore@lincoln.ac.nz; Ataria, James; Te Matapuna, Kaupapa Maori Unit, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University; jamie.ataria@gmail.com. |
| Resilience is emerging as a promising vehicle for improving management of social-ecological systems that can potentially lead to more sustainable arrangements between environmental and social spheres. Central to an understanding of how to support resilience is the need to understand social change and its links with adaptation and transformation. Our aim is to contribute to insights about and understanding of underlying social dynamics at play in social-ecological systems. We argue that longstanding indigenous practices provide opportunities for investigating processes of adaptation and transformation. We use in-depth analysis of adaptation and transformation through engagement in participatory action research, focusing on the role of cultural and social... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cultural practice; Guna; Reflection; Resilience; Ritual; Participatory action research; Transformation. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Sharma, Divya; Department of Biology, McGill University; divya.sharma2@mail.mcgill.ca; Vergara-Asenjo, Gerardo; Department of Biology, McGill University; Instituto Forestal de Chile; gevergara@gmail.com; Potvin, Catherine; Department of Biology, McGill University; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; catherine.potvin@mcgill.ca. |
| Knowledge of the interplay between ecological and social influences in the context of land-use decision-making is sparse. To help fill this gap, we conducted participatory land-cover mapping in an indigenous territory of eastern Panama to identify factors that influenced household land-use decisions. The map illustrated a mosaic of land cover dominated by pasture. Primary discourse on influences from 35 semistructured interviews with landowners, women, and youth emphasized economic concerns, such as subsistence, and social-cultural factors, such as reticence to abandon traditional agriculture. Multivariate analysis showed that timing of family settlement helped determine proportion of forest cover, and place of origin helped determine proportion of short... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Eastern Panama; Deforestation; Forest cover; Indigenous migration; Land-cover mapping; Land-use change; Land-use decisions; Livelihood strategies; Local knowledge; Reforestation; Social-ecological landscape. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| This study investigates how the lionfish (Pterois sp.) invasion of the Western Atlantic Ocean has been socially constructed by natural scientists, the media, and stakeholders associated with various marine protected areas in the Caribbean. By examining the use of data and metaphors by these actors, I identify where invasion discourses converge and diverge. Although consensus exists regarding the non-nativeness, introduction vector, and successful establishment of lionfish throughout the region, I also identify uncertainty surrounding lionfish impact and controversies regarding lionfish management and control. The dominant discourse frames lionfish as a threat and control efforts as a war to keep the enemy at bay, and promotes lionfish hunting and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Data; Discourse analysis; Invasive lionfish; Marine protected areas; Metaphors. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Potts, Tavis; Department of Geography & Environment, University of Aberdeen; Tavis.Potts@abdn.ac.uk; O'Higgins, Tim; Scottish Association for Marine Science; tim.o'higgins@sams.ac.uk; Brennan, Ruth; Scottish Association for Marine Science; ruth.brennan@sams.ac.uk; Cinnirella, Sergio; CNR - Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research; s.cinnirella@iia.cnr.it; Brandt, Urs Steiner; University of Southern Denmark; usb@sam.sdu.dk; Beusekom, Justus van; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; justus.van.beusekom@awi.de; Troost, Tineke A; Deltares ; tineke.troost@deltares.nl; Paltriguera, Lucille ; CEFAS ; lucille.paltriguera@cefas.co.uk; Hosgor, Ayse Gunduz ; Middle East Technical University; hosgor@metu.edu.tr. |
| Choke points are social, cultural, political, institutional, or psychological obstructions of social-ecological systems that constrain progress toward an environmental objective. Using a soft systems methodology, different types of chokes points were identified in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland, the Baltic, and the North and Mediterranean seas. The choke points were of differing types: cultural and political choke points were identified in Barra and the Mediterranean, respectively, whereas the choke points in the North Sea and Baltic Sea were dependent on differing values toward the mitigation of eutrophication. We conclude with suggestions to identify and address choke points. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Marine policy; Marine Strategy Framework Directive; Marine sustainability; Soft systems methodology; Systems science. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Agricultural intensification in rural areas of developing countries compromises the provision of ecosystem services. Social conflict arises among landholders with different preferences for ecosystem services and land-use practices in agricultural frontiers of the Argentine Dry Chaco. We explored policy and management options by assessing the actual and potential outcomes of alternative land-use systems and scenarios. We first constructed the efficiency frontier for avian habitat and agricultural productivity to analyze the combinations of ecosystem services that can be achieved under different land-use intensities. A nonlinear, concave efficiency frontier indicated opportunities to achieve large gains for production with small losses for conservation, for... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article |
Palavras-chave: Dry Chaco; Ecosystem services; Efficiency frontier; Indifference curve; Multifunctional systems; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Gilbert, Alison J.; Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam; alison.gilbert@vu.nl; Alexander, Karen; Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute; Karen.Alexander@sams.ac.uk; Brazinskaite, Raminta; UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs ; raminta.brazinskaite@defra.gsi.gov.uk; Fischer, Christian; Institute for Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Christian.Fischer@hzg.de; Gee, Kira; Institute for Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool; k.gee@gmx.de; Jessopp, Mark; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, University College Cork; m.jessopp@ucc.ie; Kershaw, Peter; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; peter.kershaw@cefas.co.uk; Los, Hans J.; Deltares; Hans.Los@deltares.nl; March Morla, David; Instituto Mediterraneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA CSIC / UIB) ; david@imedea.uib-csic.es; O'Mahony, Cathal; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, University College Cork; c.omahony@ucc.ie; Varjopuro, Riku; Finnish Environment Institute ; riku.varjopuro@ymparisto.fi. |
| The European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive requires the Good Environmental Status of marine environments in Europe's regional seas; yet, maritime activities, including sources of marine degradation, are diversifying and intensifying in an increasingly globalized world. Marine spatial planning is emerging as a tool for rationalizing competing uses of the marine environment while guarding its quality. A directive guiding the development of such plans by European Union member states is currently being formulated. There is an undeniable need for marine spatial planning. However, we argue that considerable care must be taken with marine spatial planning, as the spatial and temporal scales of maritime activities and of Good Environmental Status may... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: DPSWR; Good Environmental Status; Marine spatial planning; Maritime spatial planning; Spatial scale temporal scale. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Carpenter, Stephen R; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Booth, Eric G.; Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison; egbooth@wisc.edu; Gillon, Sean; Department of Food Systems and Society, Marylhurst University; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; sgillon@marylhurst.edu; Kucharik, Christopher J.; Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison; kucharik@wisc.edu; Loheide, Steven; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Loheide@wisc.edu; Mase, Amber S.; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Mase@wisc.edu; Motew, Melissa; Nelson Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Motew@wisc.edu; Qiu, Jiangxiao; Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; jqiu7@wisc.edu; Rissman, Adena R; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; ARRissman@wisc.edu; Seifert, Jenny; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; JSeifert2@wisc.edu; Soylu, Evren; Department of Civil Engineering, Meliksah University; Nelson Institute for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison; evrensoylu@gmail.com; Turner, Monica; Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; turnermg @ wisc.edu; Wardropper, Chloe B; Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wardropper@wisc.edu. |
| Agricultural watersheds are affected by changes in climate, land use, agricultural practices, and human demand for energy, food, and water resources. In this context, we analyzed the agricultural, urbanizing Yahara watershed (size: 1345 km², population: 372,000) to assess its responses to multiple changing drivers. We measured recent trends in land use/cover and water quality of the watershed, spatial patterns of 10 ecosystem services, and spatial patterns and nestedness of governance. We developed scenarios for the future of the Yahara watershed by integrating trends and events from the global scenarios literature, perspectives of stakeholders, and models of biophysical drivers and ecosystem services. Four qualitative scenarios were created to... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Alternative futures; Climate; Ecosystem services; Eutrophication; Governance; Lakes; Land-use change; Phosphorus; Scenarios. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Ferguson, Paige F. B.; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; pfferguson@ua.edu; Conroy, Michael J; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; mconroy@uga.edu; Chamblee, John F; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; chamblee@uga.edu; Hepinstall-Cymerman, Jeffrey; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; jhepinst@uga.edu. |
| Parcelization and forest fragmentation are of concern for ecological, economic, and social reasons. Efforts to keep large, private forests intact may be supported by a decision-making process that incorporates landowners’ objectives and uncertainty. We used structured decision making (SDM) with owners of large, private forests in Macon County, North Carolina. Macon County has little land use regulation and a history of discordant, ineffective attempts to address land use and development. We worked with landowners to define their objectives, identify decision options for forest management, build a Bayesian decision network to predict the outcomes of decisions, and determine the optimal and least-desirable decision options. The optimal forest... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Bayesian decision network; Conservation easement; Decision analysis; Forestry; Fragmentation; Heritage; Present-use value; Sustainability; Timber harvest. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Registros recuperados: 10.106 | |
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