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Registros recuperados: 272
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Impact of CAP Direct Payments on French Farms’ Managerial Efficiency AgEcon
Latruffe, Laure; Guyomard, Herve; Le Mouel, Chantal.
This paper investigates the relationship between CAP direct payments and managerial efficiency for French crop and beef farms. Managerial efficiency scores are calculated using a four-step approach that allows to disentangle managerial inefficiency from other technical inefficiency components, notably what is due to unfavourable environment conditions. Then managerial efficiency scores are regressed over a set of explanatory variables, including CAP direct payments. Our empirical application, based on individual farm data and meteorological data at the municipality level for the year 2000, shows that there is a substantial component of inefficiency that is due to unfavourable conditions. Moreover, there is a significant negative relationship between...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Managerial efficiency; Subsidies; Crop farms; Beef farms; France; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44144
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A Multidimensional Homo Economicus: Cultural Dimensions of Economic Preferences in Four Countries AgEcon
Ehmke, Mariah D.; Lusk, Jayson L.; Tyner, Wallace E..
Previous work in experimental economics reveals specific differences in economic behavior, especially reciprocity and free-riding behavior, across cultures. We expand the possible pallet of cross-cultural behavioral differences that may exist. We hypothesize that different kinds of strategic interaction and individual decision-making behaviors differ across locations. The variety of experiments we use allow us to report multidimensional rather than just single dimensional differences in behavior across locations. In order to build a broad Homo Economicus we conducted economic experiments in four dissimilar locations: Hangzhou, China; Niamey, Niger; Grenoble, France; Manhattan, Kansas; and West Lafayette, Indiana. Each subject completed an ultimatum...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Time preference; Risk preference; Voluntary contribution mechanism; Ultimatum bargaining game; Cultural; China; France; Niger; Kansas; Indiana; US; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19225
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Energy Crop Supply in France: A Min-Max Regret Approach AgEcon
Kazakci, Akin; Rozakis, Stelios.
This paper attempts to estimate energy crop supply using an LP model comprising hundreds of representative farms of the arable cropping sector in France. In order to enhance the predictive ability of such a model and to provide an analytical tool useful to policy makers, interval linear programming (ILP) is used to formalise bounded rationality conditions. In the presence of uncertainty related to yields and prices it is assumed that the farmer minimises the distance from optimality once uncertainty resolves introducing an alternative criterion to the classic profit maximisation rationale. Model validation based on observed activity levels suggests that about 40% of the farms adopt the min-max regret criterion. Then energy crop supply curves, generated by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Interval linear programming; Min-max regret; Energy crops; France; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; D81; Q18.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24751
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Impacts of the French bio-fuel policy on the French arable crop sub-sector AgEcon
Guinde, Loic; Jacquet, Florence; Millet, Guy.
The paper provides an analysis of the impacts of the biofuel policy on the French arable crop sub-sector. The model used is a biofuel supply model composed of an agricultural module and an industrial biofuel processing module. The agricultural supply model is an aggregation of 1094 farm models, based on data from the French Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN). Different biofuel chains are included in the model: ethanol from wheat and sugar beet, biodiesel (Vegetable Oil Methyl Ester) from rapeseed and sunflower. Scenarios are built upon the recent policy of an increased demand of biofuels for the next years, under the assumption of fulfilling the targets with domestic production only. Results show that the incorporation target of 7% of biofuels in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biofuel; Agriculture; France; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43540
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Could small dairy farms in Switzerland compete with their French counterparts? A metafrontier analysis during 1990-2004 AgEcon
Ferjani, Ali; Latruffe, Laure.
The objective of the paper is to investigate whether Swiss farms specialised in dairy (the prevailing production of the country), which are small in international standards, would have a survival potential if they had to compete more directly with EU farms. More specifically, we investigate whether Swiss dairy farms would be able to compete with their French counterparts (located in mountainous areas, but larger than Swiss ones) in a future made of increased globalisation and reduced borders. For this we evaluate which country, during the period 1990-2004, would have been more able to use efficiently a common hypothetical technology, and would have had a more productive (own) technology. Efficiency scores and technology ratios are calculated using the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technology gap; Data Envelopment Analysis; Dairy farming; Switzerland; France; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; Q12; D24.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52828
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How do agricultural policies influence farmland concentration? The example of France AgEcon
Piet, Laurent; Desjeux, Yann; Latruffe, Laure; Le Mouel, Chantal.
Over the last decades, the number of farms has decreased while average farm size has increased in industrialised countries. We investigate whether these two concomitant trends have resulted in higher farmland concentration or not in the case of France. Deriving Gini coefficients as a measure of concentration from the estimation of parametric Lorenz curves, we show that this is not systematically the case at the sub-national scale of “départements”. When studying the role of possible explanatory variables for farmland concentration, we find that milk quotas, CAP 2nd pillar subsidies and so-called structural measures (settlements and early retirement grants) have a significant impact. However, the availability and the price of agricultural land appear to be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farmland concentration; Farm structures; Agricultural policies; Gini coefficient; France; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61349
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Farm Structure and the Effects of Agri-Environmental Programs: Results from a Matching Analysis for European Countries AgEcon
Pufahl, Andrea; Weiss, Christoph R..
This paper extends previous research (Pufahl and Weiss, 2009) and applies a semi-parametric propensity score matching approach to evaluate the effects of agrienvironment (AE) programs on input use and farm output of individual farms in eight Member States of the European Union. We find substantial differences in treatment effects between countries. The analysis reveals significant effects of AE participation on production (Germany, France) and farm profits (France, Ireland, United Kingdom). AE participation sporadically reduces the intensity of land use as measured by the purchase of farm chemicals (fertilizer, pesticide) and grazing livestock densities. We also find differences in the treatment effect among farms with different farm size (heterogeneous...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Agri-environment programs; Propensity score matching; Germany; Italy; Spain; France; Portugal; United Kingdom; The Netherlands; EU-15; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52997
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Agrarpolitische Interessen Frankreichs und Deutschlands – Gemeinsamkeiten und Divergenzen unter sich ändernden Rahmenbedingungen AgEcon
Ahrens, Heinz; Lippert, Christian.
The aim of this contribution is to examine how the French and the German positions on agricultural policy have developed since the foundation of the EEC and what the driving forces were behind. The “general consensus” underlying the EEC treaty, and according to which the common market would be “conquered” by France in the case of the classical agricultural products, could not be translated into practice; for what emerged for these products was not a customs union but a “price support union”. As a consequence French intra-community agricultural exports had to be redirected to the world market. Thus initial positive French income transfers via intracommunity trade were transformed into transfers from the EC budget, an evolution that can be interpreted as a...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: CAP; Agricultural policy; European Union; France; Germany; EEC Treaty; Price cuts; Quantitative restrictions; Agenda 2000; Agricultural and Food Policy; Political Economy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98761
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The Determinants of the Very Highest Income Shares: The Case of France AgEcon
DiPietro, William R.; Anoruo, Emmanuel; Sawhney, Bansi.
Since the highest income groups have tremendous influence over economic policy by virtue of money, position, and connection, it is important to identify the interest of these groups with regard to economic conditions. Recently, annual time series data on the shares of the very highest income groups have become available for the French economy. Using this new high-income share data for France, this paper examines the potential relationship between the income shares of the very highest income groups and four macroeconomic variables including the inflation rate, the interest rate, the unemployment rate, and the extent of trade. To be specific, this paper investigates the extent to which the four macroeconomic variables affect the highest income shares. The...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Interest rate; Unemployment rate; France; Fully modified OLS; International Development; A10.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50275
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Technical efficiency in dairy farming: A comparison of France and Hungary in 2001-2006 AgEcon
Fogarasi, Jozsef; Latruffe, Laure.
The paper investigates the difference in technical efficiency and potential technology gap between French and Hungarian dairy farms during 2001-2006, using Data Envelopment Analysis under each country’s respective frontier and under a common frontier (metafrontier). Results indicate that French farms have a more optimal scale of production than Hungarian farms, but Hungarian farms make better use of the technology. They also have a more productive technology than French farms. The latter finding is obtained under the assumption of a hypothetical common frontier. Although French and Hungarian farmers do not have access to the same technologies and the metafrontier is still hypothetical, our paper adds to the thin literature that compares two countries in...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technology gap; Dairy farms; France; Hungary; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52201
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Irreversibility, Uncertainty and the Adoption of Transgenic Crops: the Case of BT-Maize in France AgEcon
Scatasta, Sara; Wesseler, Justus; Demont, Matty.
This study applies a real option approach to quantify, ex-ante, the maximum incremental social tolerable irreversible costs that would justify immediate adoption of Bt maize in France. Based on field trials, we find that incremental private reversible benefits in the agricultural sector are -18 million euro yearly for maize for animal feed and 1 million euro yearly for maize for human consumption. Incremental social irreversible benefits from reduced insecticide use are negligible. The maximum incremental social tolerable irreversible costs are -28 million euro yearly for maize for animal feed and 0.4 million Euro yearly for maize for human consumption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Bt maize; Real option; France; Field trials; Irreversible social costs; Crop Production/Industries; D6; D8; Q1.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24758
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Variability of the conserved V3 loop tip motif in HIV-1 subtype B isolates collected from Brazilian and French patients BJM
Tomasini-Grotto,Rejane-Maria; Montes,Brigitte; Triglia,Denise; Torres- Braconi,Carla; Aliano-Block,Juliana; Zanotto,Paolo M. de A.; Pardini,Maria- Inèsde M. C.; Segondy,Michel.
The diversity of the V3 loop tip motif sequences of HIV-1 subtype B was analyzed in patients from Botucatu (Brazil) and Montpellier (France). Overall, 37 tetrameric tip motifs were identified, 28 and 17 of them being recognized in Brazilian and French patients, respectively. The GPGR (P) motif was predominant in French but not in Brazilian patients (53.5% vs 31.0%), whereas the GWGR (W) motif was frequent in Brazilian patients (23.0%) and absent in French patients. Three tip motif groups were considered: P, W, and non-P non-W groups. The distribution of HIV-1 isolates into the three groups was significantly different between isolates from Botucatu and from Montpellier (P < 0.001). A higher proportion of CXCR4-using HIV-1 (X4 variants) was observed in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: HIV-1; V3 loop; Genetic diversity; Brazil; France.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000300024
Registros recuperados: 272
Primeira ... 67891011121314 ... Última
 

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