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Registros recuperados: 71
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PROSPECTS FOR CONTINGENT VALUATION: LESSONS FROM THE SOUTH-EAST FORESTS AgEcon
Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Carter, Marc.
The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) has been strongly criticised in Australia following two prominent applications. The aims in this paper are to review these criticisms and to demonstrate how, through an application of the method, these potential problems were addressed. The results of the application - a valuation of the conservation benefits of the National Estate forests of Southeastern Australia - are presented. A key feature of the application was the use of focus group testing in the questionnaire design phase. Finally, an assessment is made of the future prospects for the use of the CVM in Australia.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22615
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Designing choice experiments to incorporate tests for geographic scale and scope differences AgEcon
Rolfe, John; Windle, Jill; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Designing a choice modelling (CM) experiment to place a value on increasing protection of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) raises complex issues. The size and diversity of the GBR, and the number of different pressures impacting on it, mean protection and improvement scenarios can be drafted in several different ways. This report discusses some of the considerations in selecting, describing and combining choice attributes. It also looks at how to incorporate tests for geographic scale (size) and scope (complexity) differences into the design of the CM survey instrument. The potential to include information about management options designed to achieve increased protection, and the associated risk and uncertainty, is also discussed.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Scale; Scope; Coral reef; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94802
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Designing choice experiments to Test for Anchoring and Framing Effects AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Choice experiments (CE) are increasingly used as a stated preference technique to value changes in non-market goods. Respondents to a CE survey are asked to make repeated choices between alternatives. Each alternative is described by a number of attributes – the attributes levels vary across alternatives and choice sets. A monetary attribute is typically included so that marginal values for changes in the non-market attributes presented can be estimated. The monetary attribute has central importance. However, there has been limited research on the impacts on respondents’ choices of changing the (range in) levels of the monetary attribute presented in CE surveys. This is known as the ‘anchoring’ effect. The ‘framing’ of non-market attributes may also...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Valuation; Anchoring effect; Starting point bias; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94810
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Strategic response to a sequence of discrete choice questions AgEcon
McNair, Ben J.; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Hensher, David A..
According to neoclassical economic theory, the only stated preference elicitation format that can feasibly be employed in field studies to which truthful response can be the dominant strategy for all respondents is a single binary choice between the status quo and one alternative. In studies where the objective is estimation of preferences for multiple attributes of a good, it is preferred (and, in some cases, necessary) based on econometric considerations, to present respondents with a sequence of choice tasks. Economic theory predicts that utility-maximising respondents may find it optimal to misrepresent their preferences in this elicitation format. In this paper, the effect on stated preferences of expanding the number of choice tasks per respondent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Willingness to pay; Incentive compatibility; Strategic behaviour; Order effects; Underground electricity; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59102
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Estimating non-market values under scenario and policy ambiguity: the case of climate change mitigation in Australia AgEcon
Akter, Sonia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
This report proposes an extension to existing models of non-expected utility (NEU) in the stated preference (SP) literature. The extension incorporates the impact of multiple sources of ambiguity in individual decision making behaviour. Empirical testing of the proposed decision model was carried out in Australia using a dichotomous choice contingent valuation study of a national carbon pollution reduction scheme (CPRS). The results of the study demonstrate that subjective expectations of the context scenario and subjective policy expectations are important determinants of individual decision making in a stated preference framework. The results of the study also demonstrate that decision weight functions are non-linear (quadratic) in subjective scenario...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Non-expected utility; Scenario ambiguity; Policy ambiguity; Climate change; Australia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C93-D81.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94881
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Non Use Economic Values of Marine Protected Areas in the South-West Marine Region AgEcon
Gillespie, Robert; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Australian governments are committed to the expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs) in Australian waters and have already established over 200 MPAs. However, this policy direction has a range of costs and benefits for the community which have largely remained unquantified. One of the main benefits of establishing MPAs are the non use values that the community for the protection of marine biodiversity. This study uses a dichotomous choice contingent valuation format with follow-up open-ended willingness to pay question to estimate these non use values for the establishment of MPAs in South-west Marine Region of Australia. It was found that on average Australian households would be WTP $104 for the establishment of MPAs that cover 10% of the South-west...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107582
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Location differences in communities’ preferences for environmental improvements in selected NSW catchments: A Choice Modelling approach AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
To elicit household willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in environmental quality in three NSW catchments (Lachlan, Namoi and Hawkesbury-Nepean), a choice modelling (CM) study was conducted. This report presents results of research designed to investigate variations in WTP across different communities. The communities included local residents, distant/urban and distant/rural residents. Nine split samples were established to test for ‘location effects’. The analysis involved both conditional logit and random-parameters logit models. Natural resource management (NRM), including Catchment Management Authorities (CMAs), can use the non-market values obtained from this study to guide their investment decisions.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Location effects; Non-market valuation; Catchment planning; Environment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94821
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Household perceptions of climate change and preferences for mitigation action: the case of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in Australia AgEcon
Akter, Sonia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
This study aims to show how Australian households perceive climate change and what they are prepared to do to reduce the harmful effects of climate change. A web-based survey in November 2008 asked approximately 600 New South Wales households about their willingness to pay additional household expenses caused by the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) proposed by the Australian government. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), a widely used non-market valuation technique, was applied. Results of the study show there is a positive demand to mitigate climate change in Australia resulting from a wish to avoid climate change. Households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for climate change was, however, significantly curbed as households was uncertain about...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Climate change; Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme; Willingness to pay; Uncertainty; Australia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94819
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Investigating the Effects of Attribute Level Framing and Changing Cost Levels in Choice Experiments AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Choice experiments (CE) are increasingly used to estimate the values of non-market goods and services. A cost attribute is typically included in a CE questionnaire to estimate monetary values for changes in the non-market attributes presented. Although the cost attribute is centrally important, there has been limited research into the impacts of varying cost attribute levels on respondents’ choices in CE surveys. The context in which non-market attributes are presented to respondents (the ‘attribute frame’) may also affect value estimates. The challenge for CE practitioners is to identify the ‘appropriate’ attribute frames and cost level range. Results from a CE study in Tasmania show that respondents’ preferences are not impacted by describing an...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Mixed Logit models; Environmental valuation; Attribute framing; Cost bias; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94817
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Household perceptions of climate change and preferences for mitigation action: the case of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in Australia AgEcon
Akter, Sonia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The study aims to reveal Australian households’ perceptions of climate change and their preferences for climate change mitigation actions. A web-based survey was conducted in November 2008 in which about 600 New South Wales households were asked for their willingness to bear extra household expenditure to support the ‘Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS)’ as proposed by the Australian government. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), a widely used non-market valuation technique, was applied using the single bounded dichotomous choice elicitation format. Results of the study demonstrate that, currently, there is a positive demand for climate change mitigation action in Australia. The main motivation for this positive demand stems from a desire to avoid...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Climate change; Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme; Willingness to pay; Uncertainty; Australia.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47936
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Developing a Questionnaire for Valuing Changes in Natural Resource Management in the George Catchment, Tasmania AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
review, expert interviews, biophysical modelling and focus group discussions were used to design a Choice Modelling (CM) questionnaire. This questionnaire was used to value changes in natural resource management in the George catchment, Tasmania. This report describes the questionnaire development, the selection of George catchment attributes and the assessment of attribute levels. The (experimental) design and delivery of the questionnaire are also presented.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Valuation; Survey development; Tasmania; Catchment management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94807
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Valuing remnant vegetation in Central Queensland using choice modelling AgEcon
Blamey, Russell K.; Rolfe, John; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Morrison, Mark.
In the Desert Uplands region of Central Queensland, many pastoralists are clearing vegetation in order to improve cattle grazing production. A choice modelling study was undertaken to provide estimates of the benefits of retaining remnant vegetation that are appropriate for inclusion in a cost benefit analysis of tighter clearing restrictions. Attributes included in the choice model were reductions in the population size of non‐threatened species, the number of endangered species lost to the region, and changes in regional income and employment. A nested logit model was used to model the data in order to avoid violations of the independence of irrelevant alternatives condition. The estimated benefits are reported for several tree clearing policy regimes...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117846
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Comparing choice models of river health improvement for the Goulburn River AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Lloyd, Chris; Dumsday, Robert G..
The extent of the benefits of improved river health remain uncertain. Quantifying these benefits is useful in prioritising policy investments. This study uses the Choice Modelling technique to estimate the value that households attach to attributes of improved river health. Data from a choice modelling survey supported by DSE Victoria are employed to elicit household preferences in a case study of the Goulburn River. Results from conditional and nested logit model specifications indicate that respondents hold positive values for higher levels of fish and bird populations and for increasing riverside vegetation. The standard Hausman test for Independence-from-Irrelevant-Alternatives (IIA) assumptions violations is found to give inconsistent results. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cheap talk; Choice modelling; Mekong River Delta; Wetland values; Willingness to pay; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q25.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10359
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Ecological Afforestation in China: A Market-based Approach AgEcon
Xu, Jintao; Zhang, Haipeng; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Wang, Xuehong; Eigenraam, Mark.
This article focuses on the program of Ecological Afforestation on barren lands, degraded arable lands, harvested sites and sloped farmland in Sichuan, China. Farmers were given the opportunity to propose afforestation activities for which they would be paid an specified amount. These bids and predictions of the expected environmental benefits to be generated were used to assess the net benefit of each proposal. Most features of the bidding scheme were successfully implemented and improvements in the economic efficiency of the afforestation scheme were observed. The market-based approach is demonstrated to be a practical way forward for Ecological Afforestation in China. The bidding scheme showed savings of approximately 110,000 Yuan when compared to past...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100735
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Valuing Remnant Vegetation Using Choice Modelling: An Application to the Desert Uplands of Central Queensland. AgEcon
Blamey, Russell K.; Rolfe, John; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Morrison, Mark.
The Desert Uplands is a biogeographic region in central-western Queensland that lies within the rangelands area of Australia. In the region, many pastoralists are clearing the scrub and woodland vegetation in order to improve production for cattle grazing. Only limited production gains are possible because of the low rainfall and infertile soils relative to many other areas of Queensland. To assess whether such developments are economic and desirable, a first step is to value the environmental implications of alternate management regimes. A stated preference choice modelling study was undertaken to provide estimates of these values. Attributes included in the choice model pertain to reductions in the population size of nonthreatened species, the number of...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123772
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Framing for incentive compatibility in choice modelling AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The incentives that motivate respondents to reveal their preferences truthfully have been a long-standing area of research in the non-market valuation literature. A number of studies have been undertaken to investigate incentive compatibility in nonmarket valuation. Most of these used laboratory environments rather than field surveys (e.g. Carson and Burton, 2008, Harrison, 2007, Lusk and Schroeder, 2004, Racevskis and Lupi, 2008). Only a few studies investigating incentive compatibility have considered multi-attribute public goods with an explicit provision rule in a choice experiment (Carson and Groves, 2007, Collins and Vossler, 2009, Carson and Burton, 2008). The design of a choice modelling study that avoids strategic behaviour has proven particularly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Incentive comparability; Provision rule; Non-market valuation; Environment; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59101
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Integrating economic values and catchment modelling AgEcon
Kragt, Marit Ellen; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Integrated catchment policies are widely used to manage natural resources in Australian catchments. Decision support tools available to aid integrated catchment management are often limited in their integration of environmental processes with socio-economic systems. Fully integrated models are required to support assessments of the environmental and economic trade-offs of catchment management changes. A Bayesian Network (BN) model is demonstrated to provide a suitable approach to integrate environmental modelling with economic valuation. The model incorporates hydrological, ecological and economic models for the George catchment in Tasmania. Information about the non-market costs and benefits of environmental changes is elicited using Choice Experiments,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Integrated catchment modelling; Bayesian networks; Uncertainty; Environmental values; Non-market valuation; Choice Modelling..
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48057
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Valuing ecosystem resilience AgEcon
Scheufele, Gabriela; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The concept of ecosystem resilience is being increasingly discussed as a driver of biodiversity values. It implies that marginal deteriorations in ecosystem conditions can abruptly result in non-marginal and irreversible changes in ecosystem functioning and the economic values that the ecosystem generates. This challenges the traditional approach to the valuation of biodiversity, which has focused on quantifying values attached to individual species or other elements of ecosystems. As yet, little is known about the value society attaches to changes in ecosystem resilience. This paper investigates this value. A discrete choice experiment is used to estimate implicit prices for attributes used to describe ecosystem resilience using the Border Ranges...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Ecosystem resilience; Discrete choice experiments; Implicit prices; Willingness to pay space; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107806
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Testing for Framing Effects in Environmental Choice Modelling AgEcon
Rolfe, John; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Researchers using stated preference environmental valuation techniques are interested in identifying the extent to which framing effects impact on value estimates. Framing effects occur when the context in which the hypothetical scenarios and tradeoffs put to respondents in an application differ from those that would be important if actual transactions were involved. Because scenarios have to be defined succinctly to respondents, the challenge for researchers is to identify how the particular ‘frame’ used affects responses, and how different groups of respondents may view settings. In this paper, an application of a stated preference technique termed Choice Modelling is reported in the context of pastoral land development in Queensland and the Northern...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Framing; Environmental valuation; Choice Modelling; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123727
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Environmental economics and valuation: towards a practical investment framework for Catchment Management Authorities in New South Wales AgEcon
Farquharson, Robert J.; Hill, Christine M.; Bennett, Jeffrey W.; Tracey, Jacqueline.
The Catchment Management Authorities in New South Wales have programs that are collectively investing $436 million over four years to achieve catchment-wide natural resource/environmental improvements. In this paper, we consider the question of how to best allocate these resources so as to increase the well-being of the public within catchments and the state. We consider the current approaches used by CMAs and make a case for Benefit-Cost Analysis as an alternative means of assessing ex ante questions of priority setting at the catchment level and for project appraisal. A major issue for BCA is the estimation of potential benefits from project investments, particularly the estimation of values that catchment communities and those living outside the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental; Economics; Choice modelling; Non-use values; Investment framework; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10404
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