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Improved tolerance of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) to drought stress and rewatering by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus claroideum: effect on growth and cell membrane stability Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Beltrano,José; Ronco,Marta G..
The aim of this paper was to investigate the contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus claroideum to drought stress tolerance in wheat plants grown under controlled conditions in a growth chamber, and subjected to moderate or severe water stress and rewatering. Water stress tolerance was determined through total dry weight, leaf relative water content, leakage of solutes and leaf chlorophyll and protein concentrations in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal wheat plants. Total dry weight and leaf chlorophyll concentrations were significantly higher in mycorrhizal plants after moderate or severe water stress treatments compared with non-mycorrhizal ones. Electrolyte leakage was significantly lower in water-stressed inoculated plants. Compared to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Mycorrhizae; Relative water content; Rewatering; Solute leakage; Water deficit.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000100004
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Transpiration, leaf diffusive conductance, and atmospheric water demand relationship in an irrigated acid lime orchard Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Angelocci,Luiz Roberto; Marin,Fábio Ricardo; Oliveira,Ricardo Ferraz de; Righi,Evandro Zanini.
Leaf vapor diffusive conductance (gl) and transpiration (T) measurements in an irrigated orchard of the acid lime "Tahiti" were carried out in a subtropical climatic condition in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Measurements were made using steady-state null-balance porometers and were taken throughout the day, on several occasions from February to November, 1998. During September and October, measurements were performed on exposed and shaded young and fully expanded leaves, as well as on old leaves inside the tree canopy. The old leaves showed lower values of gl and T when compared to the other groups. In the other months, measurements were taken only with exposed and shaded fully expanded leaves. The highest values of gl and T were obtained from February...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Air temperature; Photosynthetic photon flux density; Porometry; Stomata; Vapor pressure deficit.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202004000100008
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Monitoring the end of the in vitro phase of Anthurium andreanum Lindl. plantlets Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Stancato,Giulio Cesare; Tucci,Maria Luiza Sant’Anna.
Estimulation of autotrophy in in vitro plantlets could be achieved through changes in the culture medium, or by changing the traditional hermetic caps by one that could allow gas exchanges between the culture and the environment. Besides that, the use of lamps with distinct emission spectrum irradiaction has propitiated successful results. This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the either the combined or the single action of some factors that can induce autotrophy on in vitro A. andraeanum cv. Eidibel plantlets. 3 sucrose concentrations were used: 0, 15 and 60 mM and for each one, to kinds of flasks according to the cap ventilation: under (0.038 L.h-1) and without ventilation. Flasks were kept under cold light fluorescent lamps or under gro-lux...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Acclimatization; Araceae; Plantlets metabolism.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000100007
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Nickelophilous plants and their significance in phytotechnologies Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Prasad,Majeti Narasimha Vara.
Nickeliferous soils are invaded predominantly by members of the Brassicaceae, Cyperaceae, Cunoniaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Euphorbiaceous, Lamiaceae, Poaceae and Violaceae, and many of these plants are metal tolerant. About 300 Ni hyperaccumulating plants been identified. These members exhibit unusual appetite for toxic metals and elemental defense. Hyperaccumulators provide protection against fungal and insect attack. Investigations suggested that Ni-hyperaccumulation has a protective function against fungal and bacterial pathogens in Streptanthus polygaloides and Thlaspi montanum. Significance of nickelophilous plants and their significance in phytotechnologies are discussed in this paper.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Heavy metal; Hyperaccumulators; Nickel; Phytomanagement; Tolerance.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000100010
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The effects of salt stress on growth, nitrate reduction and proline and glycinebetaine accumulation in Prosopis alba Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Meloni,Diego Ariel; Gulotta,Marta Rosalía; Martínez,Carlos Alberto; Oliva,Marco Antonio.
Prosopis alba (algarrobo) is one of the most important salt-tolerant legumes used in the food and furniture industries. The effects of salinity on some growth and physiological parameters in algarrrobo seedlings were investigated. 17-Day-old seedlings were subjected to three salt treatments by adding NaCl to the growth medium in 50 mmol.L-1 increments every 24 h until the final concentrations of 0, 300 and 600 mmol.L-1 were reached. Only the highest NaCl concentration affected all of the considered parameters. Thus, 600 mmol.L-1 NaCl caused a significant reduction in root and shoot growth, but an increase in the root/shoot ratio. Leaf relative water content, nitrate content and nitrate reductase activity in leaves and roots were also decreased. At 300 and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycinebetaine; Nitrate reductase; Proline; Salinity.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202004000100006
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Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic protein profile analysis during seed development of Ocotea catharinensis: a recalcitrant seed species Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Dias,Leonardo L.C.; Balbuena,Tiago S.; Silveira,Vanildo; Santa-Catarina,Claudete; Schevchenko,Andrej; Floh,Eny I. S..
The aim of the present work was to characterize changes in the protein profile throughout seed development in O. catharinensis, a recalcitrant species, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein extraction was undertaken by using a thiourea/urea buffer, followed by a precipitation step with 10% TCA. Comparative analysis during seed development showed that a large number of proteins were exclusively detected in each developmental stage. The cotyledonary stage, which represents the transition phase between embryogenesis and the beginning of metabolism related to maturation, presents the highest number of stage-specific spots. Protein identification, through MS/MS analysis, resulted in the identification of proteins mainly related to oxidative metabolism...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: 2-DE; Comparative proteomics; Embryo development; Storage protein; Lauraceae.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000100003
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Genetics of coffee quality Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Leroy,Thierry; Ribeyre,Fabienne; Bertrand,Benóit; Charmetant,Pierre; Dufour,Magali; Montagnon,Christophe; Marraccini,Pierre; Pot,David.
Coffee quality, in the present context of overproduction worldwide, has to be considered as a main selection criterion for coffee improvement. After a definition of quality, and an overview of the non genetic factors affecting its variation, this review focuses on the genetic factors involved in the control of coffee quality variation. Regarding the complexity of this trait, the different types of quality are first presented. Then, the great variation within and between coffee species is underlined, mainly for biochemical compounds related to quality (caffeine, sugars, chlorogenic acids, lipids). The ways for breeding quality traits for cultivated species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora are discussed, with specific challenges for each species. For C....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffea spp.; Biochemical compounds; Candidate genes; ESTs; Genetic breeding; Marker-assisted selection; Quality.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000100016
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Genetic transformation of coffee Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Ribas,Alessandra Ferreira; Pereira,Luiz Filipe Protasio; Vieira,Luiz Gonzaga E..
In the last 15 years, considerable advances were made in coffee genetic transformation. Different research groups in the world have been able to transform coffee with genes for insect resistance, decaffeinated coffee, herbicide resistance and control of fruit maturation. Although the majority of the research is still limited to laboratory and greenhouse studies, initial field tests with transformed coffee are beginning to appear in the literature. In this review we provide an update on the state of coffee genetic transformation, presenting technical aspects related to tissue culture systems, strategies for selection and transformation with particle bombardment, as well as the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. We also discuss the potential applications of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Agrobacterium; Coffea; Biolistic; Genetic engineering; Transgenic.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000100007
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Effect of plant growth regulators on oil yield and biodiesel production of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Ullah,Faizan; Bano,Asghari.
The aim of the present investigation was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators viz., kinetin, chlorocholine chloride (CCC) and salicylic acid (SA) on achene yield and oil quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cv. Thori pertaining to biodiesel production. The growth regulators were applied at 10-5M as foliar spray during flowering (140 days after sowing). Kinetin was highly effective in increasing achene yield, 100 achene weight and oil refractive index. Maximum achene oil content was found in CCC treatment. Kinetin and CCC significantly decreased oil acid value, free fatty acid content (% oleic acid) and specific gravity but increased oil pH. Kinetin was highly effective in increasing oleic acid (C18:1) but decreased the content of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Plant growth regulators; Safflower; Oil quality.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000100005
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Ethylene production and acc oxidase gene expression during fruit ripening of Coffea arabica L. Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Pereira,Luiz Filipe Protasio; Galvão,Rafaelo M.; Kobayashi,Adilson K.; Cação,Sandra Maria B.; Vieira,Luiz Gonzaga Esteves.
The phytohormone ethylene is involved in several physiological and developmental processes in higher plants, including ripening of fruits, abscission of organs and tissues, senescence, wound response as well as in other abiotic stresses. The enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) catalyzes the last step of ethylene biosynthesis. The production of ethylene and the expression of a Coffea arabica ACO gene during the last stages of fruit maturation were investigated. A rapid increase of ethylene production at the green-yellow stage of fruit ripening, after the end of endosperm formation, and a decrease of ethylene production at the cherry stage indicates a climacteric phase during ripening. An ACC oxidase (Ca-ACO) from coffee fruit cDNA was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: ACC oxidase; Climacteric; Coffee; Ethylene; Maturation.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000300002
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Photosynthetic analyses of two native Atlantic Forest species in regenerative understory of eucalyptus plantation Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Lage-Pinto,Frederico; Bernini,Elaine; Oliveira,Jurandi Gonçalves de; Vitória,Angela Pierre.
Gas exchange, chlorophyll afluorescence, and photosynthetic pigments of Xylopia sericeaA. St.-Hil. and Siparuna guianensis Aubl. were evaluated during the rainy season and the dry season (2009-2010) in three understories with different ecological conditions (irradiance, water availability, and temperature) located in the União Biological Reserve (known as REBIO União), at Rio de Janeiro State, a natural forest understory, eucalyptus understory under regeneration, and understory of eucalyptus plantation with 18-year-old trees that were removed 1 year before. The lowest values of Fv/Fm e Fm/Fo were observed in the exposed understory for both seasons, with lower values in the dry season, suggesting that reduced water availability potentializes the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Corymbia citriodora; Dehydration; Photoinhibition; Siparuna guianensis; Xylopia sericea.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202012000200003
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Water relations and some aspects of leaf metabolism of Jatropha curcas young plants under two water deficit levels and recovery Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Arcoverde,Gabriela B.; Rodrigues,Bruno M.; Pompelli,Marcelo F.; Santos,Mauro G..
Stomatal conductance (g s), transpiration (E), relative water content (RWC), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), leaf carbohydrate soluble (LCS), free amino acids (FAA) and total protein (TP) content were measured under mild and severe drought stress in young potted Jatropha curcas L. in the greenhouse. The plants were kept for 12 days under three different water regimes, control (well hydrated), 50% irrigation control (mild stress) and 25% (severe stress), after rehydration were measured on the second and fourth day. Both mild and severe stress decreased g s and E; however, only severe stress reduced LCS, FAA and TP content and increased SOD activity (70%) and MDA content (60%) compared with the control. Moreover, under these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Drought tolerance; MDA; Oxidative stress; ROS; Water deficit.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000200004
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Effects of light and ethylene on endogenous hormones and development of Catasetum fimbriatum (Orchidaceae) Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Suzuki,Rogério M.; Kerbauy,Gilberto B..
This study attempted to clarify the effects of dark, light and ethylene on plant growth and endogenous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins and abscisic acid in Catasetum fimbriatum. Dark-incubation fully inhibited root and pseudobulb formation as well as leaf growth, but favored shoot elongation. The results of continuous and active growth in dark-incubated shoots (stolons) were induced by strong apical meristem sink activity and by the significantly increased levels of cytokinins in shoots. In fact, shoot length, cytokinin and IAA levels in dark-incubated shoots were about twice as great as for those grown under light conditions. Moreover, the total cytokinin level in shoots of C. fimbriatum under light conditions without ethylene was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Auxin; Cytokinins; Etiolation; Plant growth; Plant hormones.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000300002
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Development of the nodulated soybean plant after flooding of the root system with different sources of nitrogen Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Thomas,André Luís; Sodek,Ladaslav.
Flooding leads to hypoxia, a stress to which symbiotic N2 fixation is especially sensitive. The response of fully nodulated soybean plants to a 21-day period of flooding was studied by measurements of growth parameters and xylem transport of organic nitrogenous components to the shoot, in the presence and absence of NO3- and NH4+ in the medium. Flooding was found to seriously impair N2 fixation, irrespective of the N source, as indicated by strongly reduced xylem ureide levels. In the absence of a source of N, growth was strongly reduced during flooding while accumulation of N in the shoot was virtually abolished. Flooding in the presence of 5 mM NO3- or NH4+ led to the accumulation of total N in the shoot but only NO3- promoted increases in total dry...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Anaerobiosis; Oxygen deficiency.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000300003
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Inhibition of the water splitting system by sodium chloride stress in the green alga Chlorella vulgari Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
EL-Sheekh,Mostafa M..
The effect of sodium chloride on the photosynthetic electron transport chain was investigated in the freshwater green alga Chlorella vulgaris. It was found that the rate of oxygen evolution under steady state and flash light conditions diminished by increasing salt concentrations. Salt treatment of cells also decreased the fluorescence and delayed luminescence yields. However, the fluorescence yield was almost completely restored by the addition of an artificial electron donor to the NaCl-treated cells. The oscillation pattern of the thermoluminescence B band as a function of flash number indicated that the S2<FONT FACE=Symbol>®</FONT>S3 transition of the water splitting system is inhibited by NaCl treatment.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chlorella; Electron transport; Photosystem II; Salinity.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202004000100004
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Brotação do rizoma de Kohleria sp Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Almeida,Julieta Andrea Silva de; Pereira,Maria de Fátima D. A..
O gênero Kohleria sp pertencente à família Gesneriaceae possui órgão subterrâneo. Este órgão é um caule envolto por folhas modificadas, imbricadas, as quais acumulam reservas e cada uma destas protege uma gema. Seções do rizoma brotam sem necessidade do órgão inteiro. Seções deste rizoma com seis folhas modificadas foram colocadas para brotar em placas de Petri e testadas quanto às temperaturas de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35 ºC, na luz ou no escuro e ainda em relação aos teores de umidade do substrato, onde se adicionaram os volumes de 1, 12 e 20 mL de água destilada. Estes fatores influenciaram a brotação de seções do rizoma de Kohleria sp. As seções também se mostraram resistentes à falta de água, já que, nessa condição, apresentaram brotações e ainda as...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gema; Luz; Temperatura; Tempo de brotação; Teor de umidade.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202002000100006
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Effects of in vitro triacontanol on growth, antioxidant enzymes, and photosynthetic characteristics in Arachis hypogaea L. Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Verma,Aman; Malik,Chander Parkash; Gupta,Vijay Kumar; Bajaj,Bhavneet Kaur.
In vitro effects of triacontanol (TRIA) on antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic characteristics were studied in Arachis hypogaea L. cultivars (M-13 and PBS24030). The in vitro impact of TRIA on multiplication potential was also evaluated, which was found to be best at 2.0 ml L-1 TRIA in combination with 6- Benzyl adenine (BA, 3 mg L-1) in both the groundnut cultivars. Rhizogenesis was observed in almost all the TRIA treated cultures in both the cultivars. Moreover, shoots failed to set roots, in the presence of BA. Total chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activity were found to be increasing with increasing concentrations of TRIA, whether alone or in combination with BA, however,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Catalase; Groundnut; Peroxidase; Vipul.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000400004
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Effects of early and late season defoliation on photosynthesis, growth and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Khan,N.A.; Lone,P.M..
Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is characterized by a large number of leaves in the lower layers. These leaves are poorly illuminated, remain below the light compensation point and abscise at maturity. The effects of removing 50 % of all leaves taken from the lower half of the plant at 40 (pre-flowering) or 60 (post-flowering) days after sowing (DAS) were studied on photosynthesis and growth at 80 DAS and on yield at harvest. A comparison of stomatal and mesophyll effects on photosynthesis upon removal of such leaves was also made. Defoliation at 40 DAS resulted in a higher rate of photosynthesis (P N), growth and yield compared to defoliation at 60 DAS or the no defoliation control. The non-significant variation in stomatal limitation (I S), increased...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Carbonic anhydrase; Dry mass; Stomatal limitation.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000100015
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Changes in growth and photosynthetic capacity of cucumber seedlings in response to nitrate stress Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Yang,Xiaoyu; Wang,Xiufeng; Wei,Min; Hikosaka,Shoko; Goto,Eiji.
The effects of three nitrate levels - 14(CK), 56(T-1), and 140 mmol L-1 (T-2) - on growth and photosynthetic capacity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Xintaimici) seedlings grown in hydroponic culture were investigated. The results showed that at 12 d after treatment plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf number of cucumber seedlings were stimulated by 56 mmol L-1 nitrate, whereas were inhibited significantly by 140 mmol L-1 nitrate compared with CK. Short-term stimulation in photosynthetic rate occurred under T-1 treatment, and then recovered to the level of CK. Photosynthetic rate of T-2 seedlings significantly decreased over treatment course with respect to CK. Photosynthetic pigment content of T-1 and T-2 increased during the first 2 d,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chlorophyll a fluorescence; Hill reaction; Photosynthetic pigment content; Photosynthetic rate.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000400007
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Brazilian coffee genome project: an EST-based genomic resource Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Vieira,Luiz Gonzaga Esteves; Andrade,Alan Carvalho; Colombo,Carlos Augusto; Moraes,Ana Heloneida de Araújo; Metha,Ângela; Oliveira,Angélica Carvalho de; Labate,Carlos Alberto; Marino,Celso Luis; Monteiro-Vitorello,Claúdia de Barros; Monte,Damares de Castro; Giglioti,Éder; Kimura,Edna Teruko; Romano,Eduardo; Kuramae,Eiko Eurya; Lemos,Eliana Gertrudes Macedo; Almeida,Elionor Rita Pereira de; Jorge,Érika C.; Albuquerque,Érika V. S.; Silva,Felipe Rodrigues da; Vinecky,Felipe; Sawazaki,Haiko Enok; Dorry,Hamza Fahmi A.; Carrer,Helaine; Abreu,Ilka Nacif; Batista,João A. N.; Teixeira,João Batista; Kitajima,João Paulo; Xavier,Karem Guimarães; Lima,Liziane Maria de; Camargo,Luis Eduardo Aranha de; Pereira,Luiz Filipe Protasio; Coutinho,Luiz Lehmann; Lemos,Manoel Victor Franco; Romano,Marcelo Ribeiro; Machado,Marcos Antonio; Costa,Marcos Mota do Carmo; Sá,Maria Fátima Grossi de; Goldman,Maria Helena S.; Ferro,Maria Inês T.; Tinoco,Maria Laine Penha; Oliveira,Mariana C.; Van Sluys,Marie-Anne; Shimizu,Milton Massao; Maluf,Mirian Perez; Eira,Mirian Therezinha Souza da; Guerreiro Filho,Oliveiro; Arruda,Paulo; Mazzafera,Paulo; Mariani,Pilar Drummond Sampaio Correa; Oliveira,Regina L.B.C. de; Harakava,Ricardo; Balbao,Silvia Filippi; Tsai,Siu Mui; Mauro,Sonia Marli Zingaretti di; Santos,Suzana Neiva; Siqueira,Walter José; Costa,Gustavo Gilson Lacerda; Formighieri,Eduardo Fernandes; Carazzolle,Marcelo Falsarella; Pereira,Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães.
Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities and ranks second on international trade exchanges. The genus Coffea belongs to the Rubiaceae family which includes other important plants. The genus contains about 100 species but commercial production is based only on two species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that represent about 70 % and 30 % of the total coffee market, respectively. The Brazilian Coffee Genome Project was designed with the objective of making modern genomics resources available to the coffee scientific community, working on different aspects of the coffee production chain. We have single-pass sequenced a total of 214,964 randomly picked clones from 37 cDNA libraries of C. arabica, C. canephora and C. racemosa,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coffea; CDNA; EST; Transcriptome.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000100008
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