SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Mello,Sônia A.; Marese,Angélica C.M.; Brancalhão,Rose M.C.; Zanoni,Jacqueline N.; Natali,Maria Raquel M..

During the ageing process the enteric nervous system undergoes morphofunctional changes, such as enteric neurodegeneration. Neuronal death can be attributed to increase radicals free, and ascorbic acid (AA), known antioxidant, could minimize damage cause by oxidative stress. The objective of this study is to analyse the behaviour of morphoquantative myenteric neurons in the duodenum of adult Wistar rats with aged 90 (C90), 345 (E345) and 428 (E428) days, as well as animals of the same age who received ascorbic acid supplementation for 120 days (EA345 and EA428). Whole-mount preparations of muscle layer from the duodenum of the animals were immunostained by the method myosin V. 80 microscopic fields were quantified (14.8 mm2/animal) and measured 100...

Benefits of caloric restriction in the myenteric neuronal plasticity in aging rats

Palavras-chave: Aging; Antioxidant; Enteric nervous system; Immunohistochemistry.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000100337

PEREIRA,JOICE N.B.; MARI,RENATA B.; STABILLE,SANDRA R.; FARIA,HAROLDO G. DE; MOTA,THAIS F.M.; FERREIRA,WALTER M..

Aging is a biologic process characterized by progressive damage of structures and functions of organic systems. In gastrointestinal tract, it can involve enteric nervous system, which plays an important role in digestion and absorption of nutrients, causing hastening of intestinal transit thus reducing its absorptive function. Caloric restriction has been used in several studies with the intention of delaying deleterious effects of aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of caloric restriction on myenteric neurons of ileum by aging in rats. 30 Wistar rats were grouped as follows: GI (animals aged 6 months fed with normal diet), GII (animals aged 18 months fed with normal diet) and GIII (animals aged 18 months subject to 31% of caloric restriction)....

Immune System Dysfunction in the Elderly

Palavras-chave: Aging; Caloric restriction; Myenteric plexus; Small intestine.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652014000301471

FUENTES,EDUARDO; FUENTES,MANUEL; ALARCÓN,MARCELO; PALOMO,IVÁN.

ABSTRACT Human aging is characterized by both physical and physiological frailty that profoundly affects the immune system. In this context aging is associated with declines in adaptive and innate immunity established as immunosenescence. Immunosenescence is a new concept that reflects the age-associated restructuring changes of innate and adaptive immune functions. Thus elderly individuals usually present chronic low-level inflammation, higher infection rates and chronic diseases. A study of alterations in the immune system during aging could provide a potentially useful biomarker for the evaluation of immune senescence treatment. The immune system is the result of the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity, yet the impact of aging on this...

Response of the brain to enrichment

Palavras-chave: Aging; Immunosenescence; Adaptive immunity; Innate immunity; Inflammation..

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000100285

DIAMOND,MARIAN C..

Before 1960, the brain was considered by scientists to be immutable, subject only to genetic control. In the early sixties, however, investigators were seriously speculating that environmental influences might be capable of altering brain structure. By 1964, two research laboratories proved that the morphology and chemistry or physiology of the brain could be experientially altered (Bennett et al. 1964, Hubel and Wiesel 1965). Since then, the capacity of the brain to respond to environmental input, specifically "enrichment,'' has become an accepted fact among neuroscientists, educators and others. In fact, the demonstration that environmental enrichment can modify structural components of the rat brain at any age altered prevailing presumptions about the...

Histological evaluation of the periodontal ligament from aged wistar rats supplemented with ascorbic acid

Palavras-chave: Enrichment; Cerebral cortex; Hippocampus; Aging; Adult neurogenesis; Dendrites.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652001000200006

Zanoni,Jacqueline N.; Lucas,Nathalia M.; Trevizan,Aline R.; Souza,Ivan D.S..

Ascorbic acid (AA) is able to neutralize reactive oxygen species and is essential for collagen synthesis. In aging process oxidative stress is elevated. This study aims to investigate the effects of AA supplementation on the periodontal ligament (PL) of rats during aging. Twenty five rats were used and divided into groups: J90 (90-day-old control), E345 (345-day-old control), E428 (428-day-old control), EA345 (345-day-old supplemented with AA from 90-day-old on) and EA428 (428-day-old supplemented with AA from 90-day-old on). We analyzed the thickness, density of fibroblasts and blood vessels and collagen fibers types in the PL. In group J90 there was predominantly type III collagen fibers (87.64%). In animals supplemented with AA, the area filled by type...

Histomorphological and quantitative immunohistochemical changes in the rat pancreas during aging

Palavras-chave: Aging; Ascorbic acid; Collagen; Periodontal ligament.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000100327

Biocell

Riccillo,F.L.; Bracamonte,M.I.; Cónsole,G.M.; Gómez Dumm,C.L.A..

Although the endocrine pancreas is the purpose of several deep investigations, morphological data referred to the effect of aging on the gland are not homogeneous. The purpose of the current work was to analyze the changes occurring in the pancreas of aged rats, with especial reference to the islet cell populations. Six young (Y), old (O) and senescent (S) male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The pancreas tails were processed for light microscopy and studied by means of routine stains as well as by immunohistochemical identification of insulin-, glucagon-, somatostatin-, and pancreatic polypeptide- secreting cells (Dako Envision System, DAB as chromogen). A progressive pancreatic histoarchitecture distortion was found among the aged animals. Even when the...

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452004000200001

Palavras-chave: Aging; Pancreas; Islets; Immunohistochemistry; Morphometry.

Ano: 2004

Biocell

Messripour,Manoochehr; Mesripour,Azadeh.

Tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase are key rate limiting enzymes in the biosyn-thesis of dopamine and serotonin, respectively. Since both enzymes are active in striatum, and affected by age, this study was undertaken to investigate interaction between dopamine and serotonin synthesis in brain striatal synaptosomes of aging rat. Male Wistar rats (3 and 30 month old) were killed by decapitation and brain striatal synaptosomes were prepared by discontinuous Ficoll/sucrose gradient technique. Synaptosomes were incubated in the presence of added pargiline (monoamineoxidase inhibitor), dopamine or serotonin synthesized during 25 min was measured by HPLC, employing electrochemical detection. Dopamine synthesis in synaptosomes prepared from young...

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452013000200001

Palavras-chave: Aging; Nerve ending; Neurotransmitter; Tyrosine hydroxylase; Tryptophan hydroxylase.

Ano: 2013

Effect of age on the myosin-V immunoreactive myenteric neurons of rats ileum

Biocell

Ferreira Schoffen,João Paulo; Marçal Natali,Maria Raquel.

Alterations in the gastrointestinal neuromuscular function related to age have been demonstrated in human and animal models. This study analyzes the effects of the aging process on the area of the neuronal cell bodies of the myenteric plexus in the antimesenteric and intermediate regions of the ileal circumference of Wistar, 12 month-old in comparison 3 month-old animals. The ileum was removed and whole-mount preparations immunostained by the antibody anti-myosin-V were processed. The morphometric analyses were performed using a computerized image analysis system, with a subsequent distribution of neurons by size in intervals of 100 μm². The cellular body morphometry revealed a significant increase in the size of the myosin-V- immunoreactive...

URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452007000100004

Palavras-chave: Aging; Ileum; Myenteric plexus; Myosin-V; Neuronal plasticity.

Ano: 2007

T-kininogen inhibits kinin-mediated activation of ERK in endothelial cells

Electrolyzed-reduced water increases resistance to oxidative stress, fertility, and lifespan via insulin/IGF-1-like signal in C. elegans

LEIVA-SALCEDO,ELIAS; PEREZ,VIVIANA; ACUÑA-CASTILLO,CLAUDIO; WALTER,ROBIN; SIERRA,FELIPE.

Serum levels of T-kininogen increase dramatically as rats approach the end of their lifespan. Stable expression of the protein in Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts leads to a dramatic inhibition of cell proliferation, as well as inhibition of the ERK signaling pathway. T-kininogen is a potent inhibitor of cysteine proteinases, and we have described that the inhibition of ERK activity occurs, at least in part, via stabilization of the MAP kinase phosphatase, MKP-1. Since fibroblasts are not a physiological target of T-kininogen, we have now purified the protein from rat serum, and used it to assess the effect of T-kininogen on endothelial cells. Adding purified T-kininogen to EAhy 926 hybridoma cells resulted in inhibition of basal ERK activity levels, as estimated...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Aging; Endothelial cells; ERK pathway; Kininogen; Kinins.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602002000200020

On cognitive ecology and the environmental factors that promote Alzheimer disease: lessons from Octodon degus (Rodentia: Octodontidae)

Park,Seul-Ki; Park,Sang-Kyu.

Electrolyzed-reduced water (ERW) scavenges reactive oxygen species and is a powerful anti-oxidant. A positive correlation between oxidative stress and aging has been proved in many model organisms. In Caenorhabditis elegans, many long-lived mutants showed reduced fertility as a trade off against longevity phenotype. We aimed to study the effect of ERW on oxidative stress, fertility and lifespan of C. elegans. We also investigated the genetic pathway involved in the effect of ERW on resistance to oxidative stress and lifespan. We compared lifespan and fertility of worms in media prepared with distilled water and ERW. ERW significantly extended lifespan and increased the number of progeny produced. Then the effect of ERW on resistance to oxidative stress and...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Electrolyzed-reduced water; Aging; Daf-16; Fertility; Lifespan.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000200005

Rivera,Daniela S.; Inestrosa,Nibaldo C.; Bozinovic,Francisco.

Cognitive ecologist posits that the more efficiently an animal uses information from the biotic and abiotic environment, the more adaptive are its cognitive abilities. Nevertheless, this approach does not test for natural neurodegenerative processes under field or experimental conditions, which may recover animals information processing and decision making and may explain, mechanistically, maladaptive behaviors. Here, we call for integrative approaches to explain the relationship between ultimate and proximate mechanisms behind social behavior. We highlight the importance of using the endemic caviomorph rodent Octodon degus as a valuable natural model for mechanistic studies of social behavior and to explain how physical environments can shape social...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Cognitive ecology; Octodon degus; Social behavior; Stress; Aging; Alzheimer's disease.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100010

Free radical chemistry in biological systems

Superoxide dismutase and catalase: tissue activities and relation with age in the long-lived species Margaritifera margaritifera

VALDEZ,LAURA B; LORES ARNAIZ,SILVIA; BUSTAMANTE,JUANITA; ALVAREZ,SILVIA; COSTA,LIDIA E; BOVERIS,ALBERTO.

Mitochondria are an active source of the free radical superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO), whose production accounts for about 2% and 0.5% respectively, of mitochondrial O2 uptake under physiological conditions. Superoxide is produced by the auto-oxidation of the semiquinones of ubiquinol and the NADH dehydrogenase flavin and NO by the enzymatic action of the nitric oxide synthase of the inner mitochondrial membrane (mtNOS). Nitric oxide reversibly inhibits cytochrome oxidase activity in competition with O2. The balance between NO production and its utilization results in a NO intramitochondrial steady-state concentration of 20-50 nM, which regulates mitochondrial O2 uptake and energy supply. The regulation of cellular respiration and energy production...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Superoxide radical; Nitric oxide; Peroxynitrite; Mitochondria; Apoptosis; Aging.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602000000200005

FERNÁNDEZ,CARLOS; SAN MIGUEL,EDUARDO; FERNÁNDEZ-BRIERA,ALMUDENA.

Free radicals are extremely reactive and produce damage and modify cell functions. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase and catalase are believed to play a key role in the enzymatic defence of the cells. Indeed, some authors have argued that reduced free-radical damage could explain increased longevity. Margaritifera margaritifera is one of the longest-lived animals in the world (up to 100-200 years). Furthermore, this organism may serve as a useful model for gerontologists interested in exploring the mechanisms that promote long life and the slowing of senescence. The present study estimated for the first time individual enzymatic activity for superoxide dismutase isozymes (Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) and catalase in tissue preparations of gills, digestive glands...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Margaritifera margaritifera; Free radicals; Aging; Superoxide dismutase; Catalase.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602009000100006

Long lasting structural changes in primary motor cortex after motor skill learning: a behavioural and stereological study

Isolation, Culturing, Characterization and Aging of Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Brief Overview

MORALES,PAOLA.

Many motor skills, once acquired, are stored over a long time period, probably sustained by permanent neuronal changes. Thus, in this paper we have investigated with quantitative stereology the generation and persistence of neuronal density changes in primary motor cortex (MI) following motor skill learning (skilled reaching task). Rats were trained a lateralised reaching task during an "early" (22-31 days oíd) or "late" (362-371 days oíd) postnatal period. The trained and corresponding control rats were sacrificed at day 372, immediately after the behavioural testing. The "early" trained group preserved the learned skilled reaching task when tested at day 372, without requiring any additional training. The "late" trained group showed a similar capacity to...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Motor cortex; Plasticity; Persistence of structural changes; Aging; Motor skill learning (skilled reaching task); Stereology; Rat.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000400005

Fathi,Ezzatollah; Farahzadi,Raheleh.

ABSTRACT The aim of this review was to describe the current state-of-the-art regarding isolation, characterization and aging of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently received widespread attention because of their potential use in tissue-engineering applications. Various studies have indicated that MSCs with a fibroblast-like morphology migrate to the sites of injury and help to regenerate damaged tissue. Over the past few years, it has been recognized that fat is not only an energy supply, but also a rich source of multipotent stem cells that can be easily harvested, isolated and selected as compared with other tissues. ADSCs are particularly interesting because of their rapid proliferation and...

Diet, Epidemiological Factors and Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Elderly Population

Palavras-chave: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells; Adipose tissue; Isolation; Aging; Differentiation potential.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100302

França,Vivian Francielle; Azzolini,Thairine; Pissaia,Ediane; Bortoloti,Durcelina Schiavoni; Signorini,Taise; Costa,Lediana Dalla; Souza,Marília Moraes Queiroz; Lívero,Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis; Lovato,Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski.

ABSTRACT Purpose Population aging is one of the great achievements of humanity. However, with aging, the incidence of chronic diseases and those related to cognition deficits increase. In this way, strategies aimed at preventing or delaying cognitive deficit are extremely necessary. Thus, this study investigates the relationship between cognitive deficits, schooling and eating habits in a Brazilian elderly population. Methods The dietary habits of 400 older adults were investigated through structured questionnaires. Unhealthy eating habits such as low consumption of fruits, vegetables and beans, consumption of fatty meats and whole milk, adjusted for other variables, were evaluated. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination...

Cellular aging: theories and technological influence

Palavras-chave: Aging; Cognitive; Diet; Fruits; Schooling; Vegetable.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100327

Mercado-Sáenz,Silvia; Ruiz-Gómez,Miguel J.; Morales-Moreno,Francisco; Martínez-Morillo,Manuel.

The aim of this article was to review the factors that influence the aging, relationship of aging with the biological rhythms and new technologies as well as the main theories to explain the aging, and to analysis the causes of aging. The theories to explain the aging could be put into two groups: those based on a program that controlled the regression of the organism and those that postulated that the deterioration was due to mutations. It was concluded that aging was a multifactorial process. Genetic factors indicated the maximum longevity of the individual and environmental factors responsible for the real longevity of the individual. It would be necessary to guarantee from early age the conservation of a natural life rhythm.

Palavras-chave: Aging; Longevity; Biological rhythms; Caloric restriction; Telomerase; Free radical.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132010000600008

Bezerra,Stephane Flaviane de Oliveira; Costa,Ludimila de Araújo; Freitas,Priscylla Alves Nascimento de; Oliveira,Naila Francis Paulo de.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on the DNA methylation status of two genes involved in tumorigenesis (telomerase gene hTERT and DNA repair gene- MLH1) and one in metabolism (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene- MTHFR) in oral epithelial cells. DNA methylation analysis was performed by Methylation Sensitive Restriction Enzymes (MSRE) of healthy oral epithelial cells of child (6-10 years, n=21), young (20-25 years, n=19) and elderly (over 60 years, n=25). The results for the hTERT gene showed significant variation in the methylation frequency at CpG dinucleotides among the groups (p=0.0001), with the methylated condition more frequently in children and young people. In relation to MLH1 and MTHFR, no differences were...

Aging, neurocognitive impairment and adherence to antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals

Palavras-chave: Epigenetic; DNA methylation; Aging; DNA repair; Telomerase; MTHFR.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000100082

BJID

Pinheiro,Cezar Arthur Tavares; Souza,Luciano Dias de Mattos; Motta,Janaína Vieira dos Santos; Kelbert,Evelin Franco; Martins,Clarissa de Souza Ribeiro; Souza,Marília Silva de; Pinheiro,Karen Amaral Tavares; Coelho,Fábio Monteiro da Cunha; Pinheiro,Ricardo Tavares.

ABSTRACT Background/objective: There is an increasing number of older patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection due to the success of antiretroviral therapy, the improved prognosis and life expectancy of patients, and the higher number of new infections among older individuals. The main objective of the present study was to compare the characteristics of older human immunodeficiency virus patients with those of younger patients. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who were treated at the Specialized Care Service (Serviço de Assistência Especializada) for human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS in the city of Pelotas, South Brazil. Sociodemographic information as well as data...

Aging with HIV: an overview of an urban cohort in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) across decades of life

Palavras-chave: Aging; HIV; Neurocognitive impairment; Adherence.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000600599

BJID

Torres,Thiago Silva; Cardoso,Sandra Wagner; Velasque,Luciane de Souza; Marins,Luana Monteiro Spindola; Oliveira,Marília Santini de; Veloso,Valdilea Gonçalves; Grinsztejn,Beatriz.

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy during the 1990s was crucial to the decline in the rates of morbidity and death related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and turned human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection into a chronic condition. Consequently, the HIV/AIDS population is becoming older. The aim of this study was to describe the immunological, clinical and comorbidity profile of an urban cohort of patients with HIV/AIDS followed up at Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Retrospective data from 2307 patients during January 1st, 2008 and December 31st, 2008 were collected. For continuous variables, Cuzick's non-parametric test was used. For categorical...